Problems of development of tourist startups at the current stage: the financial aspect

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
Анна Силаева ◽  
Anna Silaeva
Keyword(s):  
Venture Capital ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Start Ups

This article discusses the problematic issues of financing and development of tourism startups at the present stage in terms of financial instability. Under the tourist startup understood is a project focused on the sale of tickets for transport which is associated with travel or hotel rooms, or both, as well as traditional designs for the sale of package tours. The paper describes the case for the conceptual provisions of financing for small businesses in the tourism industry, in particular, with the help of venture capital, which effectively supports the small businesses’ innovative sector and solves the problem of the introduction of new technologies, as well as the peculiarities and directions of its development in modern conditions. Typically, venture capital plays a critical role in the commercialization of the companies at the early stages, and complement government grants only increase the chances of success, as evidenced by studies of the Russian Venture Capital Association. However, the Russian venture industry is largely focused on investments in companies at later stages of development. Identified is the necessity of initiatives to support start-ups in the form of the public-private partnership (PPP). The key issue in the implementation of such projects is the complexity of structuring start-ups, as a public-private partnership - a long-term mutually beneficial cooperation of public and private partners to carry out projects in order to achieve the objectives of public law entities, improving the availability and quality of public services, achieved through leveraging private resources and risk sharing between partners.

scholarly journals MACROECONOMIC ASPECTS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

TEME ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Đorđević ◽  
Biljana Rakić
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Macroeconomic Impacts ◽  
Financing Infrastructure ◽  
Benefits And Costs

Public-private partnership (PPP) has been getting momentum in market economies since the 1990s. Originally, it was created as a way of financing infrastructure projects, but its application since then has covered areas such as education, healthcare, high technology and many others. As the bulk of research in the domain of PPP is on the microeconomic impact and the analysis of the success of concrete PPP projects, the aim of this paper is to integrate these findings into a broader framework depicting macroeconomic aspects of public-private partnership. The existing literature, although not as extensive, points to several aspects that may affect economic development on the local, regional, and national levels, with greater adoption of PPP projects and their implementation. The paper introduces explanations for the elements of risk sharing between public and private partners, economic benefits, and costs in PPP, as well as the specific PPP channels of influence on the national economy and the PPP system dynamic model. One of the objectives is the analysis of the existing concept for estimating macroeconomic impacts of PPP, which could be used for evaluating its potential contribution to the growth and development of the national economy. 

scholarly journals Influencing Factors on Profit Distribution of Public-Private Partnership Projects: Private Sector’s Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Du ◽  
Hongyue Wu ◽  
Lei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Effort Level ◽  
The Public ◽  
Profit Distribution ◽  
Management Ability

As an important issue in the public-private partnership (PPP) projects, the profit distribution has a critical impact on both the public and private sectors. Moreover, the influence of the private sector on the profit distribution of PPP projects cannot be ignored because the private sector are the implementers of PPP projects and responsible for the life-cycle performance and management of PPP projects. Therefore, this study aims at (1) investigating the influencing factors of the profit distribution of PPP projects from the private sector’s perspective and (2) analyzing the relationships between the factors and the profit distribution by the qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). The results first showed that the five key influencing factors on the profit distribution from the private sector’s perspective were the risk sharing, financing ability, investment, management ability, and effort level. Moreover, the results indicated that the risk sharing was the most important factor that had a positive impact on the profit distribution. Furthermore, the strong management ability and the high ratio of investment were identified as critical factors that led to a larger proportion of profits distributed to the private sector. In addition, the financing ability and the effort level of the private sector should also be considered in the profit distribution plan. The findings first contributed to the body of knowledge on the influencing factors of the profit distribution in PPP projects. In addition, this study is the first attempt of exploring the characteristics of the private sector under the context of profit distribution of PPP projects and using the QCA method to enrich the theoretical research. Thus, the findings would help the private companies improve their abilities and ensure their profits. Besides, the public and private sectors can make appropriate profit distribution proposals in practice based on the conclusion of this study.

scholarly journals A Characterization of Public-Private Partnership as an Efficient Form of Investment Provision in the Sphere of Tourism in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (525) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
A. A. Mazaraki ◽  
◽  
K. H. Antoniuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Special Economic Zones ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Economic Zones ◽  
Infrastructure Services

The article is aimed at characterizing the public-private partnership (PPP) as an efficient form of investment provision for the tourism sector in Ukraine. This type of cooperation between the State and public sectors is common in Europe, but for Ukraine this cooperation is completely new and is used in terms of a rather narrow range. In particular, PPPs are most often used in the activities of purification, distribution of water, extraction and transportation of gas, and only 2% of public-private partnership agreements are related to the tourism industry. This percentage of agreements in the sphere of tourism is very meager compared to European countries, so the PPP is an urgent issue for research and implementation. Thus, the creation of special economic zones of tourism and recreational type is extremely promising, since it allows to form a strong tourism cluster, functioning for the development of tourism on the region and country levels, in order to meet the needs of tourists, make a profit and facilitate the development domestic tourism. The mechanism of formation of special economic zones of tourism and recreational type (SEZ TRT), or tourism cluster, on the terms of PPP for the purpose of investment provision of the tourism sector has its own features and requires both step-by-step control and organization, and these functions should be carried out both by the public and private sectors. In general, this form of cooperation is effective, has a synergistic effect and is beneficial for all participants in public-private partnerships, ensuring high development of infrastructure, services and related branches of the economy.

scholarly journals Public private partnership as a last resort for traditional public procurement

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktorija Bojovic
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Management Culture ◽  
Complex Projects

This paper discusses recent changes in the way public services are delivered A marked increase in the cooperation between the public and private sector in the realization of complex projects, mostly concerning development of infrastructure, is the main characteristic of present-day developing economies. The creation of new, innovative agreements is driven by the limitation of public funds and an ever-growing demand for an increase in the quality of public services. Looking upon the western economies experience alternatives to the traditional public sector procurement are identified in the public/private partnership. The public/private partnership can be seen as one component in the rearrangement of the public sector with a management culture that focuses on the citizen or customer. Also included in this are accountability for results, investigation of a wide variety of alternative service delivery mechanisms, and competition between public and private bodies for contracts to deliver services consistent with cost recovery and the achievement of value for money. The partnership can be realized through an array of models and in this paper priority is given to the DBFO (design-build-finance-operate) model, due to its importance in implementation. The DBFO model is considered to be a synonym for the public/private partnership, as it is the most suitable for complex projects and gains the most benefits.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 in Tourism Industry in Nepal and Policy Recommendation

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
Bishnu Prasad Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Corona Virus

For the first time in history, almost all the domestic and international tourism destinations have restrictions for travel worldwide because of corona virus pandemic. Corona virus disease calls the COVID-19 pandemic is an ongoing problem in more than 210 countries in the world. The purpose of this study is to find the tourism impact of COVID-19 in Nepal and purpose recommendations for the preparation of evidence based policy and strategies for further development of the tourism industry in Nepal. Secondary data used in this study were obtained from the ministry of tourism in Nepal and other various web sources and primary data were collected from the online survey and collected 52 samples. They are involved in the hospitality, education & consulting, travel & tours, adventure & expedition, trekking agencies, and government officials from national tourism originations. The study highlights that the tourism contribution in Nepal’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product) as a significant sector that has a linkage with other sectors. Also, the Nepalese tourism industry is dependent on international factors and the Nepal tourism industry highly relies on foreign tourists and cancellation of the mountain climbing permits for the year 2020, affects the income of foreign currency as building the capacity of stakeholders and public-private partnership initiatives to promote and work together to develop and manage in future tourism fields. well as the local economy, the loss of thousands of jobs in the tourism sector and others sectors. Overall analyses suggest that building the capacity of stakeholders and public-private partnership initiatives to promote and work together to develop and manage in future tourism fields.

scholarly journals АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ ЧИННИКІВ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ ІНТЕГРОВАНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА

2021 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Danyil V. Laponoh
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Road ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Findings

This study focuses on a wide range of issues related to the effects of integration process on the development of economic relations, in particular, in the road transport services market. Special emphasis is put on the critical role of integration in contributing to building circular technological supply chains, ensuring sales coordination and management, reducing unit costs and increasing labor productivity. It is argued that the outcome of integration translates into a cohesive economic mechanism which in addition to its integrated elements is characterized by the presence of a core coordination element. The article offers a definition to a public-private partnership phenomenon, identifies its advantages and disadvantages, explores the mechanisms of public-private partnership implementation as well as suggests a toolkit to optimize the partnership functioning for integrated structures. This is a pioneering study that provides a rationale for the need to use several public-private partnership patterns simultaneously together with developing a mechanism for carrying out public-private partnership which is proposed to be consolidated into the mechanism of integrated partnership viewed as the most preferable one to be implemented in the market of road transport services. It has been verified that the integrated partnership pattern provides an opportunity to develop competitive advantages of all its participants. The research findings have enabled to make the following generalizations: the existing partnerships differ in types of arrangements and institutional support; prior to making a decision to launch a specific integrated partnership project, the mechanism of its implementation should be envisaged; to enhance the efficiency of the integrated partnership project implementation, building relevant infrastructure facilities is paramount; the prospects for further integrated partnership project operation assume the utilization of a network mechanism of public-private partnership which best meets the needs and the specifics of the road transport services market.

scholarly journals The attractiveness of public-private partnership for road projects in India

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Shakil Malek ◽  
Laxmansinh Zala
Keyword(s):  
Development Stage ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Projects ◽  
Net Benefits ◽  
Descriptive Statistical Analysis

The objective of this paper was to have a study on the perceptions of stakeholders of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects for factors affecting the attractiveness of road projects in India. A questionnaire survey was conducted among major PPP project participants of Indian PPP road projects. Fifteen attractive factors were shortlisted through a literature survey for designing the questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed with factor analysis and descriptive statistical analysis. The findings resulted in three components: effectiveness of the private sector, effective time and cost management, and the public sector’s economic benefit. Eight factors were identified as highly affecting the attractiveness of PPP in Indian road projects. PPP provides ample diversity of net benefits to both the public and private sectors. During the project development stage, both sectors have to formulate decisions based on appropriate assessment criteria. Therefore, the reflection of attractive factors will assist the public-sector to select PPP in the road sector. It also helps to establish the strategy for road projects using PPP.

scholarly journals RELAÇÃO PÚBLICO-PRIVADO NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: a democratização da educação?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Maria Vidal Peroni
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Educational Policy ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Brazilian Case

O artigo trata das redefinições no papel do Estado, que reorganizam as fronteiras entre o público e privado e materializam-se das mais diferentes formas na educação básica pública, e suas implicações para o processo de democratização da educação. No caso brasileiro, muito lutamos no período de abertura política pela democratização com direitos sociais materializados em políticas. Mas, ao mesmo tempo em que avançamos nos direitos conquistados, também foi naturalizado que o Estado não seria mais o principal executor.Palavras-chave: parceria público-privada em educação; política educacional; democratização da educação.The article deals with the redefinitions of the role of the state, which reorganize the boundaries between public and private that materialize in many different forms in basic public education, and their implications for the process of democratization of education. In the Brazilian case, we have struggled so hard since the so-called ‘opening period’ of political democratization with social rights materialized in public policies. However, while we have advanced in the conquered rights, at the same time the idea of the State as the main provider no longer prevails.Keywords: public-private partnership in education; educational policy; democratization of education

The Influence of Critical Success Factors on Value for Money Viability Analysis in Public–Private Partnership Projects

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Almarri ◽  
Halim Boussabaine
Keyword(s):  
Critical Success Factors ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Value For Money ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Viability Analysis ◽  
Critical Success

Governments are increasingly entering partnerships with the private sector through the public–private partnership (PPP) model for the development of public projects. Value for money analysis is used to assess the viability of these ventures. This research aims to investigate the contribution of the PPP critical success factors to value for money viability analysis. Relevant data were collected through a questionnaire to establish the PPP critical success factors and value for money success criteria. Data were collected from 92 participants. The data obtained were analyzed using mean score, t-test, and regression analysis. The research found that government guarantees, macroeconomic conditions, shared authority between the public and private sectors, social support, and transparent procurement process contributed positively to value for money viability analysis. The results imply that practitioners should consider these key indicators for improving the value for money viability of PPP projects.

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