scholarly journals RESULTS OF THE PRACTICAL USE OF FERTILIZERS FROM CHICKEN MANURE IN WINTER WHEAT CULTIVATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Fatih Sibagatullin ◽  
Zul'fiya Haliullina ◽  
Andrey Petrov ◽  
Almaz Ganiev
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Biotechnological Processes ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control

In connection with the urgent and urgent problem for science and practice of developing biotechnological processes for the disposal of organic poultry waste, field tests were conducted on the cultivation of winter wheat using composted manure and organic fertilizer “Soil Improver (UP-1)” obtained with the use of the drug “Mephosphone”. The tests were carried out on the land of JSC “Agrofirma “Ak Bars-Pestretsy”, a branch of the poultry farm of Pestrechinsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan in 2019-2020. In field experiments, the object of research was the zoned variety of soft winter wheat “Scepter”. Chicken compost and product UP-1 were evenly distributed by the method of spreading by the tractor “KamAZ XTH-15” on the experimental and control plots. The rate of application of chicken compost and organic product UP-1 in the control and experimental plots was 56 tons per 1 ha (Table 1). In the experiments, the field germination of seeds and biometric indicators of plants were determined. Experimental data show that the use of organic fertilizer UP-1 in the cultivation of winter wheat accelerates the development of plants, increases their resistance to adverse environmental factors, contributes to an increase in the mass and bushiness of plants, the total weight of grain in the ear, which indicates the feasibility of using the developed technology for obtaining organic fertilizer in agriculture

scholarly journals Results of Practical Use of Fertilizers from Chicken Manure in Winter Wheat Cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00048
Author(s):  
F.S. Sibagatullin ◽  
Z.M. Khaliullina ◽  
R.R. Minnikhanov ◽  
A.S. Ganiev ◽  
I.Kh. Gayfullin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphinic Acid ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Process Waste ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

The article considers utilization of organic waste from poultry farming being an urgent problem of agriculture. Leaders of large poultry farms are interested in using low-cost recycling schemes aimed to process waste into safe products in a short time. This paper considers the possibility of using an organic fertilizer “Soil Improver (UP-1)” obtained by processing poultry waste by using a biologically active additive Mefosfon, which is a melamine salt of bis (oxymethyl) phosphinic acid. Field tests were carried out in 2019-2020 on the lands of OAO “Agrofirma “Ak Bars-Pestretsy” being the branch of the Poultry farm of the Pestrechinsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan. The object of the study was the recognized variety of soft winter wheat “Scepter” ES (elite variety). The rate of application of chicken compost and organic product UP-1 in the control and experimental plots was 56 tons per 1 ha. The experimental data show that wheat cultivated with the application of UP-1 compost was distinguished by higher rates of field germination (increased by 13 %); the length of secondary roots was 11.2 % greater compared to control. The grain produced in this variant had higher hardness (control – 62 %, UP-1 – 72 %) and the quality of crud gluten (74.0, 78.0 %, respectively), the yield of winter wheat grain – by 0.06–0.12 t/ha (1.2–2.5 %), which indicates the feasibility of using fertilizer from poultry manure in crops cultivation.

scholarly journals Features of application of methods for protecting winter wheat in extreme conditions of the republic of Karakalpakstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-64
Author(s):  
Elmurat Sh. Toreniyazov. ◽  
Bakhtiyar U. Bauetdinov
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Biological Laboratory ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of a study on the study of the peculiarities of wheat cultivation in the extreme conditions of Karakalpakstan. The species composition of harmful insects inhabiting the wheat biocenosis has been studied. features of the use of lacewings multiplied at the biological laboratory against wheat aphids and the conditions of their reproduction in subsequent periods, with an increase in natural populations on wheat crops.

The influence of different systems of fertilizer on the microelement’s composition of soil and grain of winter wheat in Primorsky Krai

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Irina Sergeevna Fadyakina
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Far East ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Primorsky Krai ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Fertilizer System

This paper presents the effect of the aftereffect of mineral, organic and calcareous fertilizers on the agrochemical and environmental indicators of meadow-brown bleached soil of Primorsky Krai. The accumulation of microelements by the winter wheat grain is considered according to the variants of experience. Field experiments were carried out in 2011-2014 in the crop rotation of the agrochemical station of Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnology in the Far East named after A.K. Chaika. The content of trace elements in soil and grain was determined on a Shimadzu AA-6200, atomic adsorption spectrophotometer. According to the results of our research, it was revealed that the aftereffect of various fertilizer systems affected the content of a number of gross and mobile forms of microelements in the studied soil. It is established that the soil does not prevent the accumulation of mobile forms of nickel, lead, cadmium, zinc, copper and cobalt in it. The ability to resist contamination of the food chain (system barrier), that is, the manifestation of the protective mechanisms of the grain, from nickel, copper and cobalt varies only slightly according to the variants of experience. For lead, cadmium and zinc, the barrier of the system is in the moderate degree of dispersion of data on the variants of experience, showing more effective protective capabilities on the variant with the aftereffect of the lime-organic fertilizer system, where the content of the latter reaches its maximum values.

scholarly journals MEFOSPHON» USAGE FOR PRODUCTION USEFUL PRODUCTS INCREASING WHEAT YIELD

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Fatih Sibagatullin ◽  
Zul'fiya Haliullina ◽  
Andrey Petrov ◽  
Kirill Sinyashin ◽  
Almaz Ganiev
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Productivity Indicators

The article presents the results of the practical application of products obtained from waste from poultry farming and the oil industry using the biologically active drug “Mefosfon”. Field tests using an aqueous solution of “Mefosfon” at extremely low concentrations (10-6 - 10-8%) made it possible to obtain “Kompost UP-1” product of IV hazard class from chicken manure, and “Meliorant” product of V hazard class from drilling waste. Field studies to study the effect of products on spring wheat growth were carried out in the experimental fields of the Laishevsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan. “Kompost UP-1” and “Meliorant” were introduced under pre-sowing cultivation in the amount of 50 tons per hectare and 1.3 tons per hectare, respectively. For comparison, control plots were organized (Control). The seeds used were spring wheat of Yoldyz variety (“Kompost UP-1”) and Idelle (Meliorant). Analysis of growth and productivity indicators of plants grown in different areas showed that the application of “Meliorant” optimizes soil pH, activates mass transfer processes, and the application of “Kompost UP-1” helps to increase the content of nutrients (N, P, K). At the stage of tillering of plants in the area with “Kompost UP-1”, the average phytomass per unit length of plants was 1.8 times higher than in the control. The use of “Kompost UP-1” leads to a significant improvement in grain quality: the mass fraction of protein increased by 32%, vitreous content by 60%, and the content of crude gluten by 34%. Productivity increased and amounted to 42 kg/ha, which is 14 kg more than in the control.

scholarly journals Breeding wheat varieties of different development types adapted to different growing conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
V. V. Bazalii ◽  
I. V. Boichuk ◽  
Yu. O. Lavrynenko ◽  
H. H. Bazalii ◽  
Ye. O. Domaratskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Alternative Type ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Late Sowing

Aim. When forming optimal sowing structure, considering certain conditions of soil and climate zones, a particular region and farm, it is necessary to have a complex of varieties with different levels of plasticity, stability and the length of a growing season, the duration of a vernalization stage and photoperiodic sensitivity. Methods. The research was conducted according to the methods of field experiments. The winter wheat varieties included and the wheat varieties of an alternative type of different genetic and ecological origin were used in the research. Results. The purposeful inclusion of the wheat varieties Znakhidka odeska, Khersonska unbearded, the variety of an alternative type Nevesinjka 471, NS 446 and others into hybridization by a diallel scheme allowed realizing the complexes of such features as fast maturation, 1000 grain weight, adaptive properties in the offspring resulting in high productivity. The promising lines selected in the breeding process became the basis for developing new winter wheat varieties Askaniiska, Askaniiska Berehynia, Perlyna and the varieties of an alternative type Solomiia, Klarysa. Conclusions. The conducted research resulted in developing promising soft winter wheat varieties and the varieties of an alternative type, which ensure high and steady grain yields, especially under late sowing dates. Keywords: winter wheat, varieties of an alternative type, combining ability of genotypes.

scholarly journals Features of application of methods for protecting winter wheat in extreme conditions of the republic of Karakalpakstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 62-64
Author(s):  
E. Sh. Toreniyazov. ◽  
B. U. Bauetdinov
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Biological Laboratory ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of a study on the study of the peculiarities of wheat cultivation in the extreme conditions of Karakalpakstan. The species composition of harmful insects inhabiting the wheat biocenosis has been studied. features of the use of lacewings multiplied at the biological laboratory against wheat aphids and the conditions of their reproduction in subsequent periods, with an increase in natural populations onwheat crops.

MONITORING OF SOFT WINTER WHEAT ENTOMOCOMPLEXES IN FOREST-STEPPE OF SAMARA AREA

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Каплин ◽  
Vladimir Kaplin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Wheat Seedling ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Economic Threshold ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Delia Platura

The purpose of researches is to study the effect of non-pesticidal pest against the background of soft winter wheat cultivation for seasonal dynamics of composition and abundance of pests and their entomophages in the conditions of Samara Region forest-steppe. Insects was collected with an entomological net for 10-50 flaps in triple repeated in autumn and spring-summer periods of wheat vegetation. In the conditions of the non-use of insecticides of entomocomplexes included insects-phytophagous which are potential vectors of viruses, phytoplasmas; suctorial and gnawing phytofagous; insects are developing inwardly wheat stems; entomophagous. Entomophagous regulating the density of phytophagous were represented by predators and parasites. In 2012-2013 main vector of phytoplasmas (Psammotettix striatus) and insects are developing inwardly wheat stems (Oscinella pusilla, O. frit, Delia platura) had a high density in the autumn period in the stage of wheat seedling growth and in spring in the stage of stem elongation. In 2013-2014 the density of any pests were not reached economic threshold values.

THE EFFECT OF HERBICIDES AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT GRAIN IN THE STEPPE ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH OSSETIA – ALANIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-752
Author(s):  
A.A. Tedeeva ◽  
◽  
D.M. Mamiev ◽  
V.V. Tedeeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
The Republic ◽  
North Ossetia

In winter wheat crops, the fight against weeds, together with the use of mineral fertilizers, which increase the yield and quality of the crop by reducing the removal of nutrients from the soil, is an urgent production task. The purpose of the research is to develop methods for increasing the yield of winter wheat with the combined use of herbicides and mineral fertilizers. Field experiments were carried out in the steppe zone of the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania in 2017–2019. The soil of the plot is chestnut calcareous. Weather conditions during the years of the research were favorable. The object of research is the high-yielding winter wheat variety Utrish. Mineral fertilizers stimulate the vital activity of soil microorganisms and enhance the cycle of biological transformation of plant nutrients, and herbicides have an inhibitory effect on cellulose-decomposing microorganisms, which ultimately reduces the rate of cellulose decomposition. Cellulose decomposed most intensively on backgrounds where mineral fertilizers were used. In control variant 3, the determination period, cellulose decomposed by 29.8%, against an average background (N60P60K60) by 40.2%, and against an increased background (N90P90K90) – 43.6%. Herbicide Grench at a dose of 10 g/ha on backgrounds without fertilizers and with fertilizers in different doses ensured the death of weeds during the growing season by 76.6 ... 89.2%. The herbicide Luvaram (1.6 l/ha) also provided high weed death – 56.4–62.6%. The application of a tank mixture (Grench 5 g/ha + Luvaram 0.8 l/ha) reduced weed infestation of winter wheat crops by 85.3–89.2% on different backgrounds of fertilization. The highest yield and profitability in the experiment were noted in the variant of the combined use of mineral fertilizers and herbicides. The level of profitability against the background of medium doses of mineral fertilizers (N60P60K60) was 130–150%, and against an increased background (N90P90K90) – 149–169%.

scholarly journals Molecular genetic characteristic of soft winter wheat samples in connection with breeding for lodging resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Е. A. Sycheva ◽  
E. B. Bondarevich ◽  
L. A. Solovey ◽  
V. E. Shimko ◽  
S. I. Hardzei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Genomic Structure ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Dna Typing ◽  
Dwarfing Genes ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Breeding Material ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
The Republic

The objective of the study was to analyze the genomic structure and allelic composition of the dwarfing Rht-B1, Rht-D1 and Rht8 genes in 37 varieties and breeding samples of soft winter wheat in connection with breeding for lodging resistance in the Republic of Belarus. The molecular cytogenetic marking (C-banding) and DNA typing of genotypes were used. As a result, the analysis of the chromosomal composition of the breeding material showed that 21 winter wheat samples are characterized by the standard karyotype with the genomic structure AABBDD (2n = 42). Five variants of translocations affecting the chromosomes 1B, 3B, 5B, 6B, and 7B were revealed in the karyotypes of the remaining samples. It was found that the chromosomes of the 2nd and 4th homologous groups, in which the main dwarfing genes (Rht-B1, Rht-D1, and Rht8) are localized, did not undergo structural changes. Genotyping showed that 45.9 % of the samples contain one of the dwarfing alleles (Rht-B1b, Rht-D1b, Rht8c) in their genotype. A combination of two commercially significant alleles (Rht-B1b and Rht8c) in the genotype were identified in one of the winter wheat samples. The genotype with a combination of the Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a and Rht8b alleles occurred with the highest frequency (37.8 %) in the analysed breeding material. The Rht-B1b, Rht-D1a, Rht8b; Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a, Rht8a genotypes showed the frequency of 16.2 %. The Rht-B1a, Rht-D1a, Rht8c; Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht8b; Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht8j genotypes were identified in 5.4 % of the samples; the Rht-B1a, Rht-D1b, Rht8а genotypes – in 8.1 % of the samples. The analysis of the plant height, taking into account the karyotyping and genotyping data showed that the targeted selection of the most efficient allelic combinations of dwarfing genes is important for the cultivation region. The studies carried out allow us to suggest that the selection by the overwintering level can contribute to the fixation of the Rht8b allele in the breeding material, which is apparently associated with better winter hardiness in the conditions of Belarus.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ALBIT APPLICATION EFFICIENCY ON WINTER WHEAT IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Радик Сафин ◽  
Radik Safin ◽  
Валерия Колесар ◽  
Valeriya Kolesar ◽  
Константин Березин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Pure Form ◽  
Benzimidazole Fungicides ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
The Republic

The effect of application of the Albit preparation during autumn spraying in pure form and in a mixture with fungicides was studied. It was found that the use of Albit promotes the growth of plant conservation during wintering of wheat plants and reduces the root rot development of winter wheat. In combination with benzimidazole fungicides this effect was enhanced. The maximum crop productivity - 3.75 tons per hectare was in the use of Albit + Ferezyme mixture in combination with Vial Trust seed treatment. As a result of the use of Albit, there was an increase in the content of gluten in the grain. The use of this method has increased the economic efficiency of wheat cultivation.

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