Technical Regulation of Industrial Facilities’ Safety: Decision-Making and Risk Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Э. Грановский ◽  
E. Granovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Hazardous Object ◽  
Subsequent Choice ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability

Two approaches to decision-making for ensuring the safety of an industrial facility are considered: safety requirements have been defined by normative documents and are controlled by the state; safety requirements are accepted by those who create and operate a hazardous object based on its system analysis and risk assessment. Has been performed the system analysis together with determining an impact on the risk of some decisions, regulated by normative documents. It has been shown that these decisions practically do not influence the technological system’s risk and safety, and expenses for their implementation are unjustified. Decisions based on the technological system’s danger analysis with subsequent choice of systems fulfilling safety functions, and requirements for their efficiency and reliability, ensuring a risk reduction to acceptable values, allow ensure safety as the absence of unacceptable risk with optimization of expenses for the safety achieving.

scholarly journals THE PROCEDURE OF ANALYSIS, ASSESSMENT AND RISK REDUCTION OF VEHICLE COLLISIONS ON A MULTI-LANE ROAD

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
N. V. Shchegoleva ◽  
V. V. Stolyarov ◽  
A. V. Kochetkov
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Coating Thickness ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Transverse Profile ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Oriented Approach

Statement of the problem. The problem of ensuring the safety of vehicles on a multi-lane roadway of the required width of coverage is considered based on the risk-oriented approach, in accordance with the Federal law of the Russian Federation No. 184 -- FZ "on technical regulation". Results. The authors presented the applicability of the algorithm to assess the risk of interaction of vehicles on six-lane highways for determining regulatory performance; identify the required values of coating thickness for the design; decision-making on the improvement of the transverse profile when major repairs and reconstruction, as well as to develop recommendations for ODD. Conclusions. It was found that in normative documents for design of six-lane roads, the design vehicle should provide the change of normalized coating thickness, increasing it to values at which the risk of collision of vehicles does not exceed the permissible value.

scholarly journals Promising fields of system research in man-made marine noise

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (398) ◽  
pp. 148-160
Author(s):  
Vladimir Tarovik ◽  
◽  
Nikolay Valdman ◽  
Andrey Labuzov ◽  
Nina Malyarenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Underwater Noise ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
Drilling Rigs ◽  
Port Infrastructure

Object and purpose of research. This paper discusses current international regulations governing man-made noise in marine environment. Systematization of normative documents issued by a number of international classification societies, as well as of the documents released by the international organization dealing with life safety of marine ecosystems highlighted the necessity for the Russian Federation to develop a similar regulatory basis of its own. This paper is a review of international standards and rules for man-made underwater noise, as well as of current international programs dealing with research, regulation and control of man-made underwater noise. Materials and methods. This paper is based on KSRC-developed methodical materials, international standards for underwater noise, as well as available publications in this sphere, both Russian and foreign. The study followed the methods of system analysis. Main results. Systematization of the data on current regulations for underwater noise of various ships, like cargo carriers, research vessels, seismic survey ships and fishing craft. The study concludes that Russia needs a similar regulatory basis that would cover offshore drilling rigs (both wildcat and production), underwater mining systems and subsea pipelines, large ships with high ice class, icebreakers and icebreaker-led caravans, as well as port infrastructure along Northern Sea Route lanes. Conclusion. To develop its own regulatory basis intended to set out the rules for man-made underwater noise, Russia needs a wide-scale systematic research campaign that would tackle the sources of man-made underwater noise at each lifecycle stage of any marine technology. This systematic research would pave way to a scientifically justified regulations for underwater noise of marine industrial facilities, shipping and port infrastructure.

Why Is Safe Science Good Science?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Kao ◽  
Che-I Kao ◽  
Russell Furr
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Good Science ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Obvious Benefit ◽  
New Ideas

In science, safety can seem unfashionable. Satisfying safety requirements can slow the pace of research, make it cumbersome, or cost significant amounts of money. The logic of rules can seem unclear. Compliance can feel like a negative incentive. So besides the obvious benefit that safety keeps one safe, why do some scientists preach "safe science is good science"? Understanding the principles that underlie this maxim might help to create a strong positive incentive to incorporate safety into the pursuit of groundbreaking science.<div><br></div><div>This essay explains how safety can enhance the quality of an experiment and promote innovation in one's research. Being safe induces a researcher to have <b>greater control</b> over an experiment, which reduces the <b>uncertainty</b> that characterizes the experiment. Less uncertainty increases both <b>safety</b> and the <b>quality</b> of the experiment, the latter including <b>statistical quality</b> (reproducibility, sensitivity, etc.) and <b>countless other properties</b> (yield, purity, cost, etc.). Like prototyping in design thinking and working under the constraint of creative limitation in the arts, <b>considering safety issues</b> is a hands-on activity that involves <b>decision-making</b>. Making decisions leads to new ideas, which spawns <b>innovation</b>.</div>

scholarly journals VILNIUS ADVANCED-SURFACE MOVEMENT GUIDANCE AND CONTROL SYSTEM (A-SMGCS) SAFETY OBJECTIVES / VILNIAUS AERODROMO AUTOMATIZUOTOS ANTŽEMINIO EISMO STEBĖJIMO IR KONTROLĖS SISTEMOS SAUGOS TIKSLŲ ANALIZĖ

Aviation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Vaidotas Kondroška ◽  
Jonas Stankūnas
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Flight Safety ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Surface Movement ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Methods Of Determination ◽  
Guidance And Control ◽  
System A ◽  
And Control

This work reviews the innovative and progressive methods of determination and analysis of safety objectives using Vilnius A-SMGCS example. The aim of the analysis is to determine how failures in this system could affect flight safety in Vilnius aerodrome. Identified safety objectives will limit the frequency of occurrence of hazards enough for the associated risk to be acceptable, and will ensure that appropriate mitigation means are reflected subsequently as Safety Requirements for the system. Analysis reflects aspects of A-SMGCS Safety objectives, which should be taken into consideration. Santrauka Darbe apžvelgiami progresyvūs saugos tikslų analizės metodai pagal Vilniaus aerodromo automatizuotos antžeminio eismo stebėjimo ir kontrolės sistemos veiklos pavyzdį. Analizuojama, kaip šios sistemos sutrikimai gali paveikti skrydžių saugą Vilniaus aerodrome. Remiantis galimų pavojų skrydžių saugai analize, tyrime nustatyti saugos tikslai, pagal kuriuos vėliau bus numatomos riziką mažinančios priemonės (galimų pavojų neutralizavimui ar kylančios rizikos sumažinimui iki priimtino lygio). Straipsnyje pateikiami veiksniai, kuriuos reikėtų įvertinti nustatant aerodromo automatizuotos antžeminio eismo stebėjimo ir kontrolės sistemos saugos tikslus.

Process Integration and System Analysis for Seawater Cooling in Industrial Facilities

2009 ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Mahfouz ◽  
Mahmoud El-Halwagi ◽  
Bill Batchelor ◽  
Selma Atilhan ◽  
Patrick Linke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Industrial Facilities

scholarly journals MODELING AS A SCIENTIFIC TOOL FOR SUBSTANTIATION OF MANAGEMENT DECISIONS IN OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-172
Author(s):  
Snizhko L ◽  
◽  
Buzun T ◽  
Razvodovska V ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Operational Decisions ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
Problem Formalization ◽  
Scientific Tool

On the basis of analysis of existing approaches to the process of decision making, in this article the procedure of taking optimal operational decisions is proposed, which describes in detail all of its aspects and features related to the specifics of the operational activities of transport enterprises. In this procedure the basic steps are those directly related to the modeling: formulation of the problem (formalization of the original problem), construction of the model, its solution, credibility and adequacy check, restoration (or adjustment) of the model. The object of the research is decision-making process in the operational management of transport enterprises. The purpose of the research is to develop a procedure for the process of making optimal operational decisions based on existing approaches to the decision-making process, using modeling as a scientific tool to substantiate them. The research method is methods of system analysis and modeling. It has been discovered that the need to reduce the subjectivity of the process of making important decisions in the operational activities of transport enterprises and increase its scientific validity is especially relevant today, in the face of threats and uncertainty about the external environment of the organization. All methods of rational decision-making are based on models, which, in turn, are scientific tools. Modeling creates a serious informational and methodological basis for structural analysis of decisions needed to improve the management process for operational managers and hence - to increase the level of management in general, because it makes them more systematic, and the tools used during this help them be more rational. The results of the article can be implemented during making complex and important management decisions in the operational activities of both transport enterprises and other business entities of various activities, regardless of the organizational and legal form and ownership. KEY WORDS: MODELING METHOD, MODELING, MODEL, TRANSPORT ENTERPRISE, OPERATIONAL ACTIVITY, OPERATIONS MANAGER, MANAGEMENT DECISION.

Transformation of Presidency in Italy (1978–2015)

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
E. Bazhan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Politics ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Domestic Policy ◽  
State Institute ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Head Of State

The article reviews key aspects of the Italian presidents' activity under A. Pertini, F. Kossiga, O.L. Scalfaro, C.A. Ciampi and G. Napolitano. Special attention is paid to the comparative analysis of Carlo Azeglio Ciampi's and Giorgio Napolitano's presidency results, as well as of external factors correlating with these politicians' ratings, considering their significant influence on the head of state institute transformation during the period of their tenures. The aim of the paper is to review the examples of initiatives taken by C.A. Ciampi and G. Napolitano, which is necessary for highlighting new trends of the presidency development in Italy. Systematization and sequencing of popular approaches in the research allow to sort out distinctive characteristics of relations among three political actors: the head of state, political parties and the government. The author conducts comparative analysis of the two presidents' tenures results. The study of C.A. Ciampi's and G. Napolitano's ratings is carried out to determine a decision-making pattern. In the article, the examples of an informal instruments usage are considered, and their effectiveness is evaluated. In this respect, it is possible to review the transformation of the role of a president as an actor responsible for the country's political system stability. Relations between the prime-minister and the head of state are the subject for a separate consideration. In this article, the system analysis method together with other universal scientific approaches (comparative historical, institutional and structural-functional) are used. The contribution of this research consists of defining the role of informal instruments in the decision-making process. Unfortunately, in Russian bibliography, only limited attention is paid to domestic policy issues of the Second Italian Republic. However, the research conducted by the author should elucidate the specificity of presidency and its relations with other public institutes. This paper is addressed to scientists devoting themselves to the South Europe political research, particularly Italy, as well as to anyone interested in the Italian domestic policy issues. Additionally, it may be used in further comparative politics investigations, for the analysis of presidential activities in other European states.

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