scholarly journals THE RESULTS OF PRODUCTIVITY STUDY OF DIFFERENT SAMPLES OF ALFALFA CHANGEABLE (MEDICAGO VARIA MARTYN) IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Ирина Володина ◽  
Irina Volodina
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Seed Yields

The aim of the research was to increased fodder and seed productivity of variable alfalfa (Medicago varia Martin) in the middle Volga region. The results of the researches made during the period 2012-2014 for incorporated 13 vari-ety samples of alfalfa changeable in the nursery of competitive trials are provided. The most promising population demonstrated economically valuable traits in previous years, from various nurseries of the study were used. Popu-lation was created by the polikross. Weather conditions analysis of the region allows us to conclude that over the 2012-2014 they met the requirements needed for the studied culture, providing a sufficiently high potential of productivity, but the limiting factor for the formation of the vegetative mass of alfalfa is the level of moisture. The data on the possibility of obtaining seeds in the year of sowing in the climatic conditions of the Middle Volga region un-der the condition of early sowing (until 10-12 may) are confirmed. Seed yields in 2012 ranged from 24.7 to 47.8 g/m2. It was found that in different years of moisture supply, taking into regard the conditions of the region, all the studied samples form 2 full-fledged mowing per season. All studied samples can be characterized as highly pro-ductive by vegetative mass and seeds. The dry matter accumulation in the estimated samples in the first mowing of 2013 was 0.65-0.68 kg/m2, in the second – 0.38-0.86 kg/m2. In arid 2013, the highest yield of seeds was obtained 337.5-494.7 g/m2. In 2014, the yield of dry matter both mowing was approximately equivalent 0,56-0,79 kg/m2 and 0.54-0.97 kg/m2 respectively, the average for the samples is 0.66 kg/m2 in the first mowing and 0.67 kg/m2 in the second. The yield of seed populations in 2014 ranged from 22.9 to 55.8 g/m2. All studied samples can be charac-terized as highly productive for the accumulation of dry matter and seed yield.

scholarly journals SOURCES OF VALUABLE TRAITS FOR BREEDING SPRING SOFT WHEAT IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Elena Demina ◽  
Aleksandr Kincharov ◽  
Tat'yana Taranova ◽  
Ol'ga Mullayanova ◽  
Kristina Chekmasova
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
Economically Valuable Traits ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Traits For Breeding

The work was carried out in 2018-2019 in the forest-steppe zone of Samara region. The purpose of the research is to conduct study samples of collection nursery of various ecological and geographical origins and identify new sources of economically valuable traits for breeding in the forest – steppe of the Middle Volga region. The material for research was 352 collection samples of spring soft wheat, including 108 foreign varieties and hybrids and 244 domestic samples of breeding institutions of the Russian Federation. Meteorological conditions during the research years were quite severe, and vegetation took place in arid and acutely arid conditions (hydrothermal coefficient in 2018 – 0.51, in 2019 – 0.48, with a long-term value in the region of 0.73). The greatest variability over the years of research was observed in the indicators of grain yield of samples (Сv=23.9...27.5 %) and plants height (Сv=10.8...12.9 %). According to the research results, 30 new genetic sources of economically valuable traits of spring soft wheat were identified. Sources of precocity (period of shoots-earing 35...37 days): Uralskaya kukushka, Chelyaba rannyaya, Tyumenskaya 25, Lutescens 70, Odeta, Libertina, Chi Mai, Long Fu 7, M83-1551. Sources of short stems (plants height 40...45 cm): KWS Torridon, KWS Jetstream, Florens, Eleganza, Long Fu 13. Sources of consistently high productivity (grain yield 415...554 g/m2, and the yield increase over the standard 71...210 g/m2): Erythrospermum 4089, Grekum 5523, Lutescens 6029, Lutescens 6074/6-23, Lutescens 6102/1-32, Lutescens 6102/1-34 Erythrospermum 6517/24-1, Ekada 214, Burlak, Ulyanovskaya 105, Lebedushka, Saratovskaya 73. Sources of high protein content (15.4...16.7 %) and gluten (36.0...42.0 %) in grain: Erythrospermum 3898, Erythrospermum 4112, Erythrospermum 4171, Erythrospermum 5289

scholarly journals Main directions of development of agro-technologies for production of spring wheat species for sustainable agriculture in the forest-steppe of the middle Volga region

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00071
Author(s):  
Marat Amirov ◽  
Farit Shaikhutdinov ◽  
Igor Serzhanov ◽  
Albina Serzhanova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Middle Volga

The article presents the results of research conducted in different soil and climatic conditions of the Middle Volga region on the influence of regulated factors, as well as environmental factors on the production process of plants of various types of spring wheat. The amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is enough to obtain yields within 12–13 tons of dry biomass or 6–7 tons of grain. Natural precipitation is able to provide 3.82–4.36 t of spring wheat grain from 1 ha, and 4.5–6.3 t/ha by the total influence of solar energy, heat and moisture supply. Natural level of soil fertility without application of organic and mineral fertilizers allows to receive about 2 tons of spring wheat grain from 1 ha. Application of nitrogen in the form of ammoniac water (N-20.5 %) increased the yield in comparison with the use of nitrogen in the form of ammoniac saltpeter: the increase was 0.14 t per 1 ha. In the conditions of grey forest soil in the Predkamye region of the Republic of Tatarstan the optimal norm of sowing of spring wheat Triticum dicoccum Schuebl (spelt) depending on the feeding background was established. Growth of yield at sowing of 6 million seeds per hectare at all levels of nutrition in comparison with sowing rate of 4 million tons per hectare was 0.18 tons per hectare against the natural background, against the estimated background of NRC on 2.0 tons of grain – 0.19 tons and 2.5 tons of grain – 0.24 tons per hectare. The maximum yield increase was received at a combination of a mineral foodstuff with an optimum norm of sowing and has made on a settlement background 2 tons of grain from hectare – 0.20 tons, on 2.5 tons of grain – 0.34 tons from hectare. Thus, the aim of our research was to develop methods of growing high yielding quality grain of different types of wheat adapted to the conditions of forest-steppe in the Volga region.

PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETY GRAIN IN CONDITIONSOF MIDDLE VOLGA REGION STEPPE

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Маслова ◽  
Galina Maslova ◽  
Лавренникова ◽  
Olga Lavrennikova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Winter Wheat Variety ◽  
Middle Volga

The purpose of research is to increase the productivity and quality of winter wheat variety trials competitive grain varieties, depending on weather conditions. Studied varieties: Povolzhskaya 86, Kinel’skaya 8, Povolzhskaya niva, Konstantinovskaya. Varieties cultivated by traditional technology, the fresh pair. The data for the 2012-2015 biennium. Grain quality was assessed a number of indicators that characterize its physico-chemical and technological properties: nature grain, vitreous, the strength of flour, protein content, adhesive wine. The maximum value in terms of nature is characterized by grain corn all classes in 2013 and 2014 (782-816 g/l). The high rate of vitreous grains observed in 2012, 2014, 2015 (72-92%). Good data on the same data obtained for the protein content, wet gluten flour strength. It was found that the environmental conditions during the formation and ripening of grain in years of research have a significant impact on productivity and ka-honors winter wheat. The study group of varieties set up in the laboratory breeding and seed, has a rapid rate of accumulation of dry matter. They are adapted to the formation of us, full grain in the conditions of unstable arid climate of the Middle Volga region.

scholarly journals YIELD PROPERTIES AND ADAPTABILITY OF SAFFLOWER (CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS) VARIETIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.Я. Прахова ◽  
А.Н. Кшникаткина ◽  
А.А. Щанин
Keyword(s):  
Stability Index ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
The Stability

Целью исследований являлась оценка урожайных свойств и основных параметров адаптивности сортов сафлора красильного в агроклиматических условиях лесостепи Среднего Поволжья. Исследования проводили в 2017-2019 гг. на опытном поле Пензенского института сельского хозяйства. Объектом исследований являлись шесть сортов сафлора красильного. Метеорологические условия периода вегетации характеризовались как засушливые, где гидротермический коэффициент (ГТК) колебался от 0,4 до 0,82 единиц. Индекс условий среды варьировал в пределах от - 0,61 до 0,13 единиц. Наиболее оптимальные условия для развития культуры сложились в 2019 году (Ii – 0,13), где сформировалась наиболее высокая урожайность семян по всем сортам 1,34-1,53 т/га. Высокий урожай отмечен у сортов Заволжский 1 и Александрит, продуктивность которых составила 1,37 и 1,42 т/га, соответственно. Коэффициент изменчивости урожайности составил 6,58-14,19 %. Низкая вариация урожая по годам отмечена у сортов Ершовский 4 и Астрахансий 747 (6,58-7,71 %), что говорит об их стабильности. У данных сортов был наиболее высокий показатель уровня стабильности сорта (ПУСС) и составил 0,26 и 0,22 соответственно. Сорта Заволжский 1, Астраханский 747 и Александрит сформировали крупные семена, масса 1000 семян их достигала в среднем 41,4-41,6 г. Содержание жира в семянках колебалась в пределах 23,70-27,45 %. В условиях Пензенской области лучшими по экологической адаптивности были сорта Заволжский 1 и Александрит, параметры адаптивности которых составили bi = 0,99-1,01; σdr2 = 0,09. Наиболее высокие значения индекса стабильности (0,17 и 0,20) имели сорта Александрит и Ершовский 4, что показывает их большую приспособленность к конкретным условиям. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the yield properties and the main parameters of adaptability of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) varieties in the agricultural climatic conditions of forest-steppe of the Middle Volga Region. The research was conducted in 2017-2019 on the experimental field of the Federal Scientific Center of Bast Crops. The object of research was the six varieties of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius). Meteorological conditions of the growing season can be characterized as dry; the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) ranged from 0.4 to 0.82 units. The index of environmental conditions varied from - 0.61 to 0.13 units. The most optimal conditions for the growth of culture were formed in 2019 (Ii – 0.13), where the highest seed yield for all varieties was formed – 1.34-1.53 t/ha. Zavolzhskij 1 and Alexandrit varieties were registered with the high yield, whose productivity was 1.37 and 1.42 t/ha, respectively. The coefficient of yield variability was 6,58-14,19 %. On an annual basis, the low variation in yield was observed in the varieties Ershovskij 4 and Astrahanskij 747 (6.58-7.71 %). This fact indicates the stability of these varieties. These varieties had the highest variety stability level and amounted to 0.26 and 0.22, respectively. Varieties Zavolzhskij 1, Astrahanskij 747 and Alexandrit formed large seeds. The weight of 1000 seeds reached 41.4-41.6 g on an average. The fat content in the achenes ranged from 23.70-27.45 %. In the conditions of the Penza region, in terms of environmental adaptability, the best varieties were Zavolzhskij 1 and Alexandrit, whose adaptability parameters were bi = 0.99-1.01; σdr2 = 0.09. The varieties Alexandrit and Ershovskij 4 had the highest values of the stability index (0.17 and 0.20). This fact shows their greater adaptability to specific conditions.

scholarly journals BREEDING OF CREEPING CLOVER IN THE FOREST-STEPPE CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Timoshkina ◽  
Oleg Timoshkin
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The article presents the data of assessing the productivity and nutritional value of selection samples of creeping clover in the nursery of the competitive variety testing of 2016 sowing for three years of use. The purpose of the research is to identify a promising breeding material of creeping clover for creating a variety with high productivity of green mass and seeds, suitable for mechanized harvesting of seeds for the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region. The research was carried out in 2017-2019 on the experimental field of a separate subdivision of Penza FGBSI FSC of BC in accordance with the methodological instructions for the selection of perennial grasses. On average over three years of use in terms of the yield of green mass – 15.00-16.44 t/ha, cultivar samples of creeping clover V-92, Yu-90, P-97, Pl-90-4 significantly exceeded the VIK-70 standard (14,01 t/ha) by 7.1-17.3%, for the collection of dry matter – 3.49-3.97 t/ha varieties V-92, Yu-90, P-97 and Pl-90-3 reliably exceeded the standard (3.29 t/ha) by 6.1-20.7%, in the collection of digestible protein – 0.44-0.49 t/ha, the varieties B-92 and P-97 exceeded the standard (0, 40 t/ha) by 10.0-22.5%. Maximum values of the yield of green mass (16.44 t/ha), dry matter collection (3.97 t/ha), digestible protein (0.49 t/ha), feed units (5.04 t/ha) and exchange energy (49.12 GJ/ha) on average for the years of testing showed the sample P-97. This specimen significantly exceeded the standard in terms of structural elements and seed yield by 50.5%, in the height of leaf petioles by 3.5% and peduncles by 2.5%, which is important for mechanized harvesting of seeds. When selecting for the productivity of creeping clover, one should pay attention to the signs associated with the yield of green mass and seeds. The length of leaf petioles correlates with the length of peduncles (r = 0.78), the number of seeds in the head (r = 0.46), the number of inflorescences in the head (r = 0.47), with the collection of dry matter (r = 0.31). The length of the peduncles correlates with the collection of dry matter (r = 0.30), with the number of inflorescences in the head (r = 0.54), and with the number of seeds in the head (r = 0.51). The number of inflorescences in the head correlates with the number of seeds in the head (r = 0.61) and with the yield of seeds (r = 0.31)

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE FEATURES OF OILSEED FLAX IN THE FOREST-STEPPE ZONE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
L.А. Kosykh ◽  
◽  
А. V. Kazarina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Sum Of Active Temperatures

The research was carried out in the fields of Povolzhsky research Institute of selection and seed farming named after P. N. Konstantinov in the laboratory of introduction, selection of feed and oilplants in 2016-2019. The soil of the experimental field is typical low-humic medium-sized light clay chernozem. The object of research was a variety of oilseed flax Kinelsky 2000, approved for use in the Middle Volga region. Agro-climatic conditions in the years of research during the growing season differed both in the amount of rainfalls from 74.3 mm in 2019 to 187.0 mm in 2017, and in the temperature conditions from 1776.50 C in 2017 to 2074.00 C in 2018, which allowed to determine objectively the productivity of oilseed flax. The article shows the results of studying the influence of meteorological conditions on the length of vegetation season, yield, oil content in seeds, oil collection per hectare, plant height, the number of capsules per plant, the number of seeds in a capsule and the weight of 1000 seeds. The correlation of the sum of active temperatures, rainfalls and hydrothermal factor (HTF) for the vegetation period with the main economically valuable characteristics of oilseed flax is established. Analyzing the data obtained, it can be concluded that the yield of oilseeds, plant height, number of seeds in the capsule and oil collection per hectare were significantly affected by the amount of rainfalls during the vegetation period and the HTF. The sum of active temperatures affected the length of the vegetation period and the number of capsules on the plant.

PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY AND YIELD OF BARLEY WITH THE APPLICATION OF FERTILIZERS AND GROWTH STIMULANTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Васин ◽  
Aleksey Vasin ◽  
Карлов ◽  
Evgeniy Karlov ◽  
Васин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Factor C

Research objective is increasing the yield of barley varieties in the conditions of forest-steppe of the Middle Volga Region. Are the results of studies for 2014-2015 with the assessment of yield structure indicators, the dynamics of accumulation of dry matter, photosynthetic capacity and leaf area in different varieties of barley compared to pea for different backgrounds of mineral nutrition and processing of crops in different growth stimulants Avibit, Aminokat, Megamix N10 in the conditions of Middle Volga Region forest-steppe. In three-factor experience included two backgrounds of mineral fertilizers: no fertilizers, N45P45K45 (factor A), five barley varieties: Helios, Sonnet, Golden eagle, Hawk, and Bezenchukskaja 2 peas Flagship 12 (factor B), treatment of crops during vegetation is at tillering drugs: Avibit, Aminokat, Megamix N10 (factor C). The research identified that in all options the treatment of crops and application of fertilizers increase the performance of the photosynthetic activity and cause the greatest increase of all crops options for processing. Maximum yield over the study years provide barley varieties of Helios with the treatment of crops during vegetation drug Megamix N10 as fertilizer and N45P45K45 will be 2.43-2.90 t/ha.

scholarly journals OPTIMUM SOWING NORMS OF SUNFLOWER OF RODNIK VARIETY DEPENDING OF MINERAL NUTRITION BACKGROUND ON GREY FOREST SOILS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Фаик Сафиоллин ◽  
Faik Safiollin ◽  
Рустам Низамов ◽  
Rustam Nizamov ◽  
Салават Сулейманов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Middle Volga

We can expect to receive from 0.81 to 0.97 tons of sunflower oil seeds per hectare in the soil-climatic conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region without the introduction of mineral fertilizers. As the doses of mineral fertilizers are increased, the productivity of 1 hectare of arable land is increased 2.8 times and the gross collections of oilseeds are 2.14 tons per hectare at the non highest background of mineral nutrition, against 0.86 tons per hectare in the control variant of the experiment (without fertilizers). The optimization of seeding rates of the studied culture is of great importance in the formation of highly productive agrocenoses. In the variants of supplementary supply of plants with nutrients, especially when N98P38K124 is introduced, the seeding rate of 70 thousand pieces per hectare of virgin seeds raises the yield of sunflower by 0.51 tons per hectare (a very solid increase in yield), compared with the sowing rate of 60 thousand pieces per hectare.

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