DIAGNOSIS OF NONRENTHENOLOGICAL AXIAL SPONDYLITIS   IN A YOUNG GIRL WITH A FAMILY HISTORY OF RHEUMATIC PATHOLOGY

The article presents a clinical case of nonrenthenological ankylosing spondylitis (as). AU was diagnosed at the initial request for medical help for pain in the lower back and hip joints. Timely diagnosis was carried out taking into account the burdened hereditary anamnesis. AU was detected at an early stage of the disease, when persistent functional disorders in the spine and joints have not yet formed, which could later become irreversible.

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Surveillance of Individuals with a Family History of Pancreatic Cancer and Inherited Cancer Syndromes: A Strategy for Detecting Early Pancreatic Cancers

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics9040169 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 169

Author(s):

Matsubayashi ◽

Kiyozumi ◽

Ishiwatari ◽

Uesaka ◽

Kikuyama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Family History ◽

Early Stage ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Familial Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Cancer Syndrome ◽

Inherited Cancer ◽

Clinicopathological Findings ◽

History Of ◽

Cancer Syndromes

A family history of pancreatic cancer (PC) is a risk factor of PC, and risk levels increase as affected families grow in number and/or develop PC at younger ages. Familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) is defined as a client having at least two PC cases in a first degree relatives. In the narrow sense, FPC does not include some inherited cancer syndromes that are known to increase the risks of PC, such as Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS), hereditary pancreatitis (HP), hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC), and so on. FPC accounts for 5%–10% of total PC diagnoses and is marked by several features in genetic, epidemiological, and clinicopathological findings that are similar to or distinct from conventional PC. Recent advances in genetic medicine have led to an increased ability to identify germline variants of cancer-associated genes. To date, high-risk individuals (HRIs) in many developed countries, including FPC kindreds and inherited cancer syndromes, are screened clinically to detect and treat early-stage PC. This article highlights the concept of FPC and the most recent data on its detection.

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Tu1202 Failure to Record a Family History of Familial Cancer in Patients’ Notes is Associated With Early Stage Colorectal Cancer

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(12)62995-3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 142 (5) ◽

pp. S-773

Author(s):

Koen Kessels ◽

Nicolette L. de Groot ◽

Herma Fidder ◽

Robin Timmer ◽

Mark Stolk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Family History ◽

Early Stage ◽

Familial Cancer ◽

History Of

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Dynamic changes and significance of sputum cells in bronchiolitis

Advanced Emergency Medicine ◽

10.18686/aem.v6.85 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Yuhe Zhang ◽

Xiuyun Zhang ◽

Nan Cui

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Early Stage ◽

Acute Attack ◽

Acute Stage ◽

Airway Reactivity ◽

Remission Period ◽

History Of ◽

Cell Expression ◽

Cell Shedding

<p>Objective: To observe the cell composition and changes of sputum cells in children with bronchiolitis at different stages of disease, and to explore their role in the pathogenesis of disease. Methods: 75 children hospitalized in 2016 compliance with standard bronchiolitis were selected. The course of the disease was divided into acute attack period, the improvement period and remission period. The levels of sputum cells, such as sputum shedding epithelial cells, neutrophils, eosinophil, lymphocytes and other sputum cells were examined by light microscopy at different stages of acute exacerbation, disease progression and remission. The expression and proportion of cells were compared, and the differences of cell expression and clinical significance were compared. Results: In the early stage of acute bronchiolitis, the sputum cells were mainly neutral and exfoliated epithelium, lymphocytes and eosinophil were small. When the condition improved, the epithelial cells and the neutrophils decreased, while the lymphocytes and allergic family history of children with eosinophil correspondingly increased. During the remission period, neutrophils and sputum shedding epithelium continued to decrease, while the lymphocytes, eosinophil continued to increase. Conclusions: Epithelial cell shedding is a common phenomenon in the acute attack of bronchiolitis, which may be associated with the wheezing symptoms of children. During the acute stage and improvement phase, there is a significant increase in sputum neutrophils attributable to infection. Eosinophilia is associated with anaphylactic individual and family history, and increased eosinophilia is associated with high airway reactivity and prolonged wheezing. Lymphocytes play a role in maintaining chronic airway inflammation.</p>

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Prevalence of pre-diabetes in adolescents aged 11-17 years with high risk factors

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20214461 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kuppan Balamurugan ◽

Rajangam Ponprabha ◽

Veeramani Sivashankari

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Family History ◽

High Risk ◽

Acanthosis Nigricans ◽

Early Stage ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

History Of ◽

Mean Blood Glucose

Background: Obesity is a rising global epidemic in children which leads to pre-diabetes and overt diabetes. Identification at early stage helps in early intervention. This study was undertaken to study the prevalence of pre-diabetes in urban school going adolescents aged 11-17 years with high risk factors.Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in Chennai, India between December 2011 and November 2012. Overweight or obese adolescents in the age group 11-17 years, either with family history of diabetes or acanthosis nigricans or both were included. After obtaining informed consent from parents, history was obtained in pre-tested questionnaire.Results: 148 adolescents were enrolled in the study (n=148), 71.62% were females, mean weight was 59.54±10.44 kg, mean height was 150.92±8.62 cm, mean BMI was 26.19±3.23 and mean blood glucose was 82.1 mg/dl. 60.81% of subjects were overweight and others obese. Girls had statistically significant higher mean weight and mean BMI than boys. 78.37% had acanthosis nigricans, 47.29% had family history of diabetes, 12.16% had pre-diabetes and the mean blood glucose in pre-diabetics was 104.9 mg/dl. Pre-diabetes was higher in adolescents with family history of diabetes (p=0.038).Conclusions: Recognition of risk of type 2 diabetes in the asymptomatic pre-diabetes phase needs to be emphasized and targeted screening of high risk children for pre-diabetes seems to be justified. The morbidity and mortality of youth onset type 2 diabetes can be reduced only by early detection and treatment.

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Influencers of the Decision to Undergo Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy among Women with Unilateral Breast Cancer

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13092050 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 2050

Author(s):

Akshara Singareeka Raghavendra ◽

Hala F. Alameddine ◽

Clark R. Andersen ◽

Jesse C. Selber ◽

Abenaa M. Brewster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Family History ◽

Prophylactic Mastectomy ◽

Early Stage ◽

Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy ◽

Self Determination ◽

High Rate ◽

Unilateral Breast Cancer ◽

History Of ◽

The Media

(1) Background: The relatively high rate of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) among women with early stage unilateral breast cancer (BC) has raised concerns. We sought to assess the influence of partners, physicians, and the media on the decision of women with unilateral BC to undergo CPM and identify clinicopathological variables associated with the decision to undergo CPM. (2) Patients and Methods: Women with stage 0 to III unilateral BC who underwent CPM between January 2010 and December 2017. Patients were surveyed regarding factors influencing their self-determined decision to undergo CPM. Partner, physician, and media influence factors were modeled by logistic regressions with adjustments for a family history of breast cancer and pathological stage. (3) Results: 397 (29.6%) patients completed the survey and were included in the study. Partners, physicians, and the media significantly influenced patients’ decision to undergo CPM. The logistic regression models showed that, compared to self-determination alone, overall influence on the CPM decision was significantly higher for physicians (p = 0.0006) and significantly lower for partners and the media (p < 0.0001 for both). Fifty-nine percent of patients’ decisions were influenced by physicians, 28% were influenced by partners, and only 17% were influenced by the media. The model also showed that patients with a family history of BC had significantly higher odds of being influenced by a partner than did those without a family history of BC (p = 0.015). (4) Conclusions: Compared to self-determination, physicians had a greater influence and partners and the media had a lower influence on the decision of women with unilateral BC to undergo CPM. Strong family history was significantly associated with a patient’s decision to undergo CPM.

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Cherubism - Clinical case report and narrative review

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i2.12085 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 22510212085

Author(s):

Leonardo Alan Delanora ◽

Ana Maira Pereira Baggio ◽

Nathália Januario de Araujo ◽

Idelmo Rangel Garcia-Junior ◽

Sabrina Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Case Report ◽

Family History ◽

Bone Disease ◽

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Brown Tumor ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

History Of

Cherubism is described as a rare and benign hereditary bone disease, characterized by a bilateral volumetric increase in the maxillary bones, with a greater predilection for males in childhood. Clinically, it presents as a volumetric enlargement of the mandible and, maxilla, which is generally painless, firm on palpation and varies in relation to size and extension. Its differential diagnosis is the Brown Tumor of Hyperparathyroidism and the Central Lesion of Giant Cells. The diagnosis is based on the assessment of clinical characteristics together with complementary exams. The objective of this study was to carry out a brief review of the literature and report a clinical case of this pathology in a 9-year-old child with a family history of cherubism, assessed through imaging, histopathological and karyotype exams, which continues to be assisted by the oral and maxilofacial surgery team of the Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba - FOA Unesp since the treatment of the cherubism still does not have a definitive protocol.

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1456 Back-To-Back Surgeries: A Clinic Case Report Regarding Multiple Complex Spinal Surgeries for Treatment of Multiple Osteochondroma With Histological Conversion to Chondrosarcoma

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab259.380 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽

Author(s):

A O'Halloran ◽

N Gallagher ◽

T Farrell ◽

S Darwish ◽

S Morris

Keyword(s):

Clinical Case ◽

Bone Growth ◽

Thoracolumbar Spine ◽

Large Mass ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Multiple Hereditary Exostoses ◽

Lower Back ◽

Benign Pathology ◽

History Of ◽

Background History

Abstract Background Multiple Hereditary Osteochondromas [MHO], previously known as multiple hereditary exostoses, is a rare disorder of bone growth, whereby osseous transformation of the cartilage caps within the diaphyses of long bones or flat bones within the skeleton occurs. A significant complication of MHO is the conversion of any present osteochondroma into a malignant chondrosarcoma. Chondrosarcomas are mesenchymal, non-meningothelial tumours and most commonly present with insidious pain, associated neurological deficit by means of impingement of underlying nerves. Case presentation We present a clinical case of a 29-year-old female medical student with a background history of multiple hereditary osteochondromas. A previously competitive cross-fitter, she developed the conversion of MHO into a malignant chondrosarcoma. Presenting to outpatient clinic in late 2017, this lady had a 2-year history of lower back pain and an associated palpable lump. An MRI of the thoracolumbar spine demonstrated a large mass arising from the posterior elements of T11 to L2. A biopsy at the time was found to be of benign pathology, most likely in keeping with this patient’s diagnosis of MHO. The patient returned for review in early 2018, where a repeat MRI showed extension of the previously described lesion into the spinal canal at the level of L1 vertebra. This was concerning that this previously identified osteochondroma lesion could be undergoing malignant transformation. The patient went on to have a series of complex spinal surgeries which we will discuss below.

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Pulmonary–renal syndrome: diagnostic challenge

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2018-227720 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. e227720

Author(s):

Sandra Isabel Correia ◽

Isabel Eira ◽

Andre Santa Cruz ◽

Cristina Ângela

Keyword(s):

Induction Therapy ◽

Clinical Case ◽

Early Stage ◽

Alveolar Haemorrhage ◽

Diagnostic Challenge ◽

Disease Remission ◽

Ct Analysis ◽

History Of ◽

Physical Examinations ◽

Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Vasculitis presents several diagnostic challenges. Herein, we present a clinical case of a 71- year old woman, observed in our emergency department due to asthenia, vomiting and persistent cough. The patient had a history of progressive renal failure and anaemia over the last years. On physical examinations, fine pulmonary crackles were detected and laboratory test showed haemoglobin 69 g/L, creatinine 4 mg/dL, potassium 6.3 mmol/L, positive antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA), with proteins and dimorphic erythrocytes in the urinary sediment. CT analysis of the thorax revealed patchy ground glass haziness, likely due to diffuse alveolar haemorrhage. Pulmonary–renal syndrome was assumed, and induction therapy was initiated. She was discharged after 33 days of hospitalisation. On the following months, ANCA titres remained undetectable, but minor recovery of renal function was observed, requiring haemodialysis. Indeed, the use of aggressive induction therapy at early stage dramatically improve prognosis, maintenance of disease remission may be difficult, as relapse is frequent.

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Lhermitte Sign as a Presenting Symptom of Thoracic Spinal Pathology: A Case Study

Case Reports in Neurological Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/707362 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Adam Hills ◽

Mazen Al-Hakim

Keyword(s):

Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽

Electric Shock ◽

Fusion Surgery ◽

Spinal Fusion Surgery ◽

Lower Back ◽

Thoracic Spinal ◽

History Of ◽

Leg Weakness ◽

Spinal Flexion

A 54-year-old male with ankylosing spondylitis presented with complaints of progressively worsening bilateral leg weakness and difficulty ambulating of 2-week duration. He also felt a sharp, electric, shock-like sensation radiating from his lower back into his legs upon flexing the trunk. There was no history of trauma or other inciting events within the 2 weeks prior to presentation. Thoracic MRI at this visit showed a three-column fracture at T11-T12. He underwent spinal fusion surgery and within 2 days after surgery the radiating electrical sensation with spinal flexion had completely resolved.

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