INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF HYBRID CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTAL/CARBONACEOUS NANOMATERIAL COMPOSITES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
OZGE KAYNAN ◽  
LISA PEREZ ◽  
AMIR ASADI
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Processing Technique ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystal ◽  
Interfacial Region ◽  
Interfacial Chemistry ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Fiber Fragmentation ◽  
Sonication Technique

Cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) assisted carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) were used to modify the interfacial region of carbon fiber (CF) and polymer matrix to strengthen the properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP). Before transferring CNC-CNTs and CNC-GnPs on the CF surface by an immersion coating method, the nanomaterials were dispersed in DI water homogeneously by using probe sonication technique without additives. The results showed that the addition of CNC-CNT and CNC-GnP adjusted the interfacial chemistry of CFRP with the formation of polar groups. Furthermore, according to the single fiber fragmentation test (SFFT), the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of CNC-GnP 6:1 and CNC-CNT 10:1 added CFRP increased to 55 MPa and 64 MPa due to modified interfacial chemistry by the incorporation of the nanomaterials. This processing technique also resulted in improvement in interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) in CFRPs from 35 MPa (neat composite) to 45 (CNC-GnP 6:1) MPa and 52 MPa (CNC-CNT 10:1).

Surface and Composite Interface of Carbon Fiber Modified by Grafting of Diethanolamine

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 497-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Chen ◽  
Zhi Wei Xu ◽  
Jia Lu Li ◽  
Xiao Qing Wu ◽  
Li Chen
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Interlaminar Shear Strength ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Composite Interface ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

The γ-ray co-irradiation method was employed to study the effect of diethanolamine modification on the surface of carbon fiber (CF) and the interfacial properties of CF/epoxy composites. Compared with the original carbon fiber, the surface of modified fibers became rougher. The amount of oxygen-containing functional groups was increased and the nitrogen element was detected after irradiation grafting. The interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of composites reinforced by carbon fibers irradiated in diethanolamine solution was increased and then decreased as the irradiation dose increased. The ILSS of CF/epoxy composites was enhanced by 16.1% at 200kGy dose, compared with that of untreated one. The γ-ray irradiation grafting is expected to be a promising method for the industrialized modification of carbon fibers.

Microstructure optimizations for improving interlaminar shear strength and self-healing efficiency of spread carbon fiber/epoxy laminates containing microcapsules

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Yasuka Nassho ◽  
Kazuaki Sanada
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Interlaminar Shear Strength ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Short Beam ◽  
Healing Efficiency ◽  
Beam Shear ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Carbon Fiber Epoxy

The purpose of this study is to improve interlaminar shear strength and self-healing efficiency of spread carbon fiber (SCF)/epoxy (EP) laminates containing microcapsules. Microencapsulated healing agents were embedded within the laminates to impart a self-healing functionality. Self-healing was demonstrated on short beam shear specimens, and the healing efficiency was evaluated by strain energies of virgin and healed specimens. The effects of microcapsule concentration and diameter on apparent interlaminar shear strength and healing efficiency were discussed. Moreover, damaged areas after short beam shear tests were examined by an optical microscope to investigate the relation between the microstructure and the healing efficiency of the laminates. The results showed that the stiffness and the apparent interlaminar shear strength of the laminates increased as the microcapsule concentration and diameter decreased. However, the healing efficiency decreased with decreasing the microcapsule concentration and diameter.

scholarly journals Effect of Graphene Additive on Flexural and Interlaminar Shear Strength Properties of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ali Charfi ◽  
Ronan Mathieu ◽  
Jean-François Chatelain ◽  
Claudiane Ouellet-Plamondon ◽  
Gilbert Lebrun
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Interlaminar Shear Strength ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

Composite materials are widely used in various manufacturing fields from aeronautic and aerospace industries to the automotive industry. This is due to their outstanding mechanical properties with respect to their light weight. However, some studies showed that the major flaws of these materials are located at the fiber/matrix interface. Therefore, enhancing matrix adhesion properties could significantly improve the overall material characteristics. This study aims to analyze the effect of graphene particles on the adhesion properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) through interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and flexural testing. Seven modified epoxy resins were prepared with different graphene contents. The CFRP laminates were next manufactured using a method that guarantees a repeatable and consistent fiber volume fraction with a low porosity level. Short beam shear and flexural tests were performed to compare the effect of graphene on the mechanical properties of the different laminates. It was found that 0.25 wt.% of graphene filler enhanced the flexural strength by 5%, whilst the higher concentrations (2 and 3 wt.%) decreased the flexural strength by about 7%. Regarding the ILSS, samples with low concentrations (0.25 and 0.5 wt.%) demonstrated a decent increase. Meanwhile, 3 wt.% slightly decreases the ILSS.

Effect of cure pressure on microstructure and interlaminar shear strength properties of carbon fiber–reinforced plastics with microwave curing

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1084-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Chen ◽  
Lihua Zhan ◽  
Yongwei Pu ◽  
Minghui Huang ◽  
Xintong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Interlaminar Shear Strength ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Pressure Stage ◽  
Microwave Curing ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Curing Pressure

Under a given microwave curing process, different curing pressures were applied to the carbon fiber–reinforced epoxy resin pre-impregnated laminates. Nondestructive testing and microscopic analysis were used to assess the effect of curing pressure on the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of the carbon fiber–reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates. Results showed that in the low curing pressure stage (below 0.4 MPa), the porosity and ILSS of the components were reduced substantially as the curing pressure increased. In the high curing pressure stage (above 0.4 MPa), the ILSS only increased by 2.2% or so and the porosity and ILSS were no longer sensitive to the pressure, which indicated there was a threshold value (0.4 MPa) of mechanical property for forming the CFRP by the microwave curing. Above the threshold value, the curing pressure should be sufficient to allow the volatile gases to dissolve in the resin, thereby eliminating the generation of voids fundamentally, and the effect of curing pressure on the quality of composites was becoming small. These results could give process engineers some basic references for eliminating the voids in the CFRP component, so that they could reach a balance between preserving the mechanical properties and reducing the curing pressure in a cost-effective way.

Intralaminar Reinforcement for Biomimetic Toughening of Bismaleimide Composites Using Nanostructured Materials

Materials ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Tiano ◽  
Margaret Roylance ◽  
Benjamin Harrison ◽  
Richard Czerw
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Interlaminar Shear Strength ◽  
Aircraft Wings ◽  
Trailing Edges ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Many conventional composite materials are composed of multiple layers of continuous fiber reinforced resin produced by lamination of b-staged prepreg and subsequent cure. These materials exhibit very high strength and stiffness in the plane, dominated by the properties of the fibers. The Achilles heel of such composites is the interlaminar strength, which is dependent on the strength of the unreinforced resin, often leading to failure by delamination under load. Current methods for increasing the interlaminar shear strength of composites consist of inserting translaminar reinforcement fibers through the entire thickness of a laminated composite, such as z-pin technology developed by Foster-Miller [1]. While effective, this technique adds several processing steps, including ultrasonic insertion of the z-pins into the laminate, subsequently causing a significant cost increase to laminated composites. Described in this paper is a process utilizing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and vapor grown carbon nanofibers as reinforcing elements promoting interlaminar shear strength and toughness in carbon fiber/bismaleimide (BMI) resin composites. The resulting composites mimic the natural reinforcing mechanism utilized in insect cuticles. Three different methods of increasing the affinity of these carbon nanofillers for the BMI matrix were explored. The mechanical properties of these composites were assessed using end notch flexure testing. The results indicated that including nanofiller at the laminae interface could increase the interlaminar shear strength of carbon fiber/BMI composites by up to 58%. SEM micrographs revealed that the nanofiller successfully bridged the laminae of the composite, thus biomimicking the insect cuticle. Composite fabrication techniques developed on this program would have a wide variety of applications in space and aerospace structures including leading and trailing edges of aircraft wings.

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