scholarly journals Infected Cavitations, Bullae and Interstitial Lung Disease in a COVID-19 Patient in Lima, Peru

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Arias ◽  
Alfredo Chiappe ◽  
Jorge Rey de Castro ◽  
Jorge Zagacet
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Diffuse Inflammation ◽  
Persistent Cough

A 48-year-old Peruvian man was diagnosed with COVID-19 in December 2020. His infection resolved and he was discharged from hospital after 14 days. However, 1 week later he presented with haemoptysis, malaise, pleuritic pain, infected cavitations, bullae, extensive interstitial lung disease and pneumomediastinum. He recovered after antibiotic treatment and was discharged after 8 days. His symptoms may have been due alveolar rupture due to persistent cough during and after diffuse inflammation of the lung parenchyma caused by COVID-19 infection.

Obstructive Lung Diseases

2016 ◽  
pp. 741-746
Author(s):  
Vivek N. Iyer
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Obstructive Lung Diseases ◽  
Lung Malignancies

An estimated 1 in 3,000 to 1 in 4,000 persons in the general population have a diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD), and ILDs account for about 15% of all consultations for general pulmonologists. These diseases encompass a group of heterogeneous lung conditions characterized by diffuse involvement of the lung parenchyma and pulmonary interstitium. By convention, infections, pulmonary edema, lung malignancies, and emphysema are excluded, but they should be carefully considered as part of the differential diagnosis.

Interstitial lung disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Davey ◽  
Sherif Gonem ◽  
David Sprigings
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Interstitial Lung Diseases ◽  
Broad Group ◽  
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Diseases ◽  
Parenchymal Lung

The interstitial lung diseases, also known as the diffuse or diffuse parenchymal lung diseases, are a broad group of pulmonary disorders which mainly affect the lung parenchyma as opposed to the airways. By convention, infectious and malignant conditions are excluded from this definition. Thus, the interstitial lung diseases comprise a group of conditions characterized by variable degrees of inflammation and fibrosis, centred on the lung interstitium and alveolar airspaces.

scholarly journals High resolution computed tomography and chest radiography findings among interstitial lung disease patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Anusmriti Pal ◽  
Manoj Kumar Yadav ◽  
Chiranjibi Pant ◽  
Bishow Kumar Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Median Number ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Diseases

Background: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a heterogeneous group of diffuse parenchymal lung diseases, characterized by restrictive physiology, impaired gas exchange, pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. Chest radiograph (CXR) may appear normal during initial course of the disease and may show few abnormalities. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest is a most ac­curate non-invasive, high spatial resolution descriptive imaging modality for evaluation of lung parenchyma. It assesses presence, location, type and characterization of ILD in appropriate clinical setting. Our aim was to study radiological patterns and its distribution in CXR and HRCT chest of ILD patients. Methods: This was an observational, single centered, cross-sectional study conducted at author’s place over the period of 6 months starting from January 2018 using convenient sampling method. Data analysis was done using students t-test for comparison of means and chi-square test for proportions. Results: A total of 30 suspected or diagnosed patients of ILD were enrolled in our study and pat­terns found on CXR were correlated with that on HRCT chest. The number of findings in HRCT chest for a patient was significantly higher than CXR (Median number: 4 verses 2, P<0.001), commonest reticular opacity 50% in CXR and 56.6% HRCT. One subject had normal CXR. Conclusion: HRCT was superior to CXR in detection of all basic patterns and their distribution as­sociated with ILD as higher numbers of findings were detected by HRCT chest as compared to CXR. HRCT chest could characterize the abnormality and specify its location much more accurately.

High-resolution CT-derived measures of lung density are valid indexes of interstitial lung disease

1994 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Hartley ◽  
J. R. Galvin ◽  
G. W. Hunninghake ◽  
J. A. Merchant ◽  
S. J. Yagla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Gray Scale ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Density ◽  
The Mean

To assess the validity of computer-assisted methods in analyzing the lung parenchyma imaged with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), we compared computer-derived estimates of lung density to other, more traditional, measures of parenchymal injury in 24 subjects with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and 60 subjects with extensive occupational exposure to asbestos. Gray scale density histograms were constructed from the HRCT images. The gray scale histogram of both study groups was of a skewed unimodal distribution. However, compared with the asbestos-exposed subjects, the patients with IPF had a gray scale distribution that was significantly shifted to the right (greater density) and flatter. In a multivariate analysis, after controlling for age and cigarette smoking, we found that the mean and median gray scale densities were independently associated with the presence of moderate-to-severe dyspnea, a higher International Labour Office chest X-ray category, a lower forced vital capacity, and a higher concentration of macrophages and eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These factors accounted for > 70% of the variance of the mean and median gray scale densities. Interestingly, no differences in gray scale density measures were noted between patients with IPF and patients with asbestosis when these other factors were taken into account. Our results suggest that computer-derived density analysis of the lung parenchyma on the HRCT scan is a valid, clinically meaningful, and objective measure of interstitial lung disease.

scholarly journals Enhanced Classification of Interstitial Lung Disease Patterns in HRCT Images Using Differential Lacunarity

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Vasconcelos ◽  
João Barroso ◽  
Luis Marques ◽  
José Silvestre Silva
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Disease Patterns ◽  
Vector Machines ◽  
Texture Attributes

The analysis and interpretation of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images of the chest in the presence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a time-consuming task which requires experience. In this paper, a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) scheme is proposed to assist radiologists in the differentiation of lung patterns associated with ILD and healthy lung parenchyma. Regions of interest were described by a set of texture attributes extracted using differential lacunarity (DLac) and classical methods of statistical texture analysis. The proposed strategy to compute DLac allowed a multiscale texture analysis, while maintaining sensitivity to small details. Support Vector Machines were employed to distinguish between lung patterns. Training and model selection were performed over a stratified 10-fold cross-validation (CV). Dimensional reduction was made based on stepwise regression (F-test,pvalue < 0.01) during CV. An accuracy of 95.8 ± 2.2% in the differentiation of normal lung pattern from ILD patterns and an overall accuracy of 94.5 ± 2.1% in a multiclass scenario revealed the potential of the proposed CAD in clinical practice. Experimental results showed that the performance of the CAD was improved by combining multiscale DLac with classical statistical texture analysis.

scholarly journals Concurrent Onset of Pulmonary and Articular Symptoms - Rare Manifestation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
MA Rahim ◽  
S Parvin ◽  
S Zaman ◽  
HF Haque ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Diagnostic Workup ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Productive Cough ◽  
Exertional Dyspnea ◽  
Rare Manifestation

Lung is the most common extra-articular site of involvement in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It can involve pleura, lung parenchyma and pulmonary vasculature. Among many diseases, most debilitating one is RA associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD). Here, we describe a middle aged Bangladeshi lady who presented because of progressively deteriorating non-productive cough, exertional dyspnea and polyarthritis of 5 month duration. Diagnostic workup confirmed RA-ILD and she responded well with prednisolone, hydroxychloroquine and azathioprine.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v4i1.18554 Birdem Med J 2014; 4(1): 47-49

scholarly journals Biomarkers in Progressive Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Disease: Optimizing Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment Response

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willis S. Bowman ◽  
Gabrielle A. Echt ◽  
Justin M. Oldham
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
The Body ◽  
Heterogenous Group ◽  
Body Compartments ◽  
Biomarker Research

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) comprises a heterogenous group of diffuse lung disorders that commonly result in irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. While idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the prototypical progressive fibrosing ILD (PF-ILD), a high proportion of patients with other ILD subtypes develop a PF-ILD phenotype. Evidence exists for shared pathobiology leading to progressive fibrosis, suggesting that biomarkers of disease activity may prove informative across the wide spectrum of ILDs. Biomarker investigation to date has identified a number of molecular markers that predict relevant ILD endpoints, including disease presence, prognosis, and/or treatment response. In this review, we provide an overview of potentially informative biomarkers in patients with ILD, including those suggestive of a PF-ILD phenotype. We highlight the recent genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic investigations that identified these biomarkers and discuss the body compartments in which they are found, including the peripheral blood, airway, and lung parenchyma. Finally, we identify critical gaps in knowledge within the field of ILD biomarker research and propose steps to advance the field toward biomarker implementation.

scholarly journals CD19 + CD21lo/neg cells are increased in systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin M. Wilfong ◽  
Katherine N. Vowell ◽  
Kaitlyn E. Bunn ◽  
Elise Rizzi ◽  
Narender Annapureddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Chart Abstraction ◽  
Clinical Phenotyping

AbstractInterstitial lung disease (ILD) represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc). The purpose of this study was to examine recirculating lymphocytes from SSc patients for potential biomarkers of interstitial lung disease (ILD). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from patients with SSc and healthy controls enrolled in the Vanderbilt University Myositis and Scleroderma Treatment Initiative Center cohort between 9/2017–6/2019. Clinical phenotyping was performed by chart abstraction. Immunophenotyping was performed using both mass cytometry and fluorescence cytometry combined with t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding analysis and traditional biaxial gating. This study included 34 patients with SSc-ILD, 14 patients without SSc-ILD, and 25 healthy controls. CD21lo/neg cells are significantly increased in SSc-ILD but not in SSc without ILD (15.4 ± 13.3% vs. 5.8 ± 0.9%, p = 0.002) or healthy controls (5.0 ± 0.5%, p < 0.0001). While CD21lo/neg B cells can be identified from a single biaxial gate, tSNE analysis reveals that the biaxial gate is comprised of multiple distinct subsets, all of which are increased in SSc-ILD. CD21lo/neg cells in both healthy controls and SSc-ILD are predominantly tBET positive and do not have intracellular CD21. Immunohistochemistry staining demonstrated that CD21lo/neg B cells diffusely infiltrate the lung parenchyma of an SSc-ILD patient. Additional work is needed to validate this biomarker in larger cohorts and longitudinal studies and to understand the role of these cells in SSc-ILD.

Cellular mechanisms of interstitial lung disease in children caused by mutations of the ABCA3-transporter

Pneumologie ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Weichert ◽  
E Kaltenborn ◽  
A Hector ◽  
M Woischnik ◽  
S Moslavac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms
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