scholarly journals Contraceptive Method Preference among Conditional Cash Transfer Beneficiaries in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Ratna Frenty Nurkhalim ◽  
Indah Susilowati ◽  
Krisnita Dwi Jayanti
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Group ◽  
High Level

Background: Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) or known as Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) in Indonesia is a potential program to improve health outcomes, especially reproductive health. This program targeted women from the poor as its beneficiaries. The beneficiaries of this program should visit selected the primary health care to have antenatal care as if they are pregnant. Also, they have to do the growth monitoring regularly if they have children under six. Some studies have found that poor people have a higher risk of unmet need compared to the group with better economies. Could this poor group have a high level of unmet need?. Method:  A Cross-sectional study of 172 women which all CCT beneficiaries interviewed using a structured questionnaire. We gathered socio-demographic data and the using of contraception from the respondent. The data were analyzed using descriptive method. Results: Contraceptives practice among CCT beneficiaries is relatively high (89.6%) and unmet need for limiting childbirth was 4.1% higher than Indonesia unmet need in 2017.  Most respondents preferred using pills and injection than any other method and procured it from primary healthcare centre and local/village midwife for free. Conclusion: Pills and injection method were mostly chosen by the respondent. The total unmet need (for limiting) was slightly lower than Indonesia unmet need in 2012. It seems that these CCT beneficiaries don’t meet an obstacle to access contraception. The unmet need for spacing somehow needs further investigation.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic influences on breastfeeding and weaning practices in a Mediterranean setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Parnis ◽  
Neville Calleja ◽  
Petra Jones
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Complementary Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Advice ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
High Level ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

AbstractThe World Health Organisation (2016) recommends exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of age and the introduction of complementary foods at around 6 months. International literature suggests that although knowledge of the guidelines is high, only a minority of parents wait until 6 months to wean and sub-optimal weaning practices are common. The aim of this study was to assess breastfeeding and weaning practices and to evaluate the effect of socio-economic determinants on such behaviours in a Mediterranean setting.A cross-sectional study design was used. One-time short interviews with 250 consenting mothers having 8 month old infants were conducted using a structured questionnaire. Mothers attending all the well baby clinics in the primary health care centres of the Maltese Islands for a period of two months were included in the study. The questionnaire included socio-economic and demographic data, details on the initiation and duration of breastfeeding, weaning practices and a short assessment of the infant's usual diet at 8 months.Mothers between 25–34 years old (26%) and mothers with a high level of education (25%) were more likely to breastfeed only during the first 8 months of life without using any other type of milk, compared to younger (6.5%) or older (21%) mothers, and to mothers with a lower level of education (16%). The level of education was also positively associated with the continuation of breastfeeding, with the mean duration of breastfeeding for higher educated mothers being 4 months compared to 2.6 months in less educated mothers. Mothers with a lower level of education and mothers who are house-wives are more likely to give their infants only ready-made foods however associations were in this case borderline significant. On the other hand, appropriateness of weaning age was not associated with any socio-economic factors.The length of breastfeeding and the introduction of complementary foods varied widely between mothers. Compliance with infant feeding guidelines was poor. The mother's age, level of education and employment status all have an impact on breastfeeding and weaning practices. The provision of professional advice and a supportive environment for mothers, together with interventions for increasing awareness may promote maternal adherence to WHO guideline.

Association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods and the practice of breast-feeding in children under 2 years of age who are beneficiaries of the conditional cash transfer programme, Bolsa Família

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovana de Montemor Marçal ◽  
Marília Moura e Mendes ◽  
Manuela Di Guaraldi Mafra Fragoso ◽  
Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo Florêncio ◽  
Nassib Bezerra Bueno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Bolsa Familia

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and the practice of breast-feeding in children under 2 years of age assisted by the conditional cash transfer programme, Bolsa Família Programme (PBF). Design: A cross-sectional study. The consumption of UPF and the practice of breast-feeding were assessed using a structured 24-h recall. Associations were calculated using hierarchical Poisson regression, adjusted at the last level by socio-economic, demographic and environmental variables from previous hierarchical levels. Setting: Six counties from the state of Alagoas, Brazil. Participants: Children aged 6−24 months, assisted by PBF. Results: A total of 1604 children were evaluated, 11·7% of whom were overweight, and most had consumed UPF (90·6%) in the last 24 h. The most consumed UPF were biscuits, chocolate milk and baby food with 74·8, 66·8 and 24·9%, respectively. Through multivariable analysis, an association was found between lower consumption of UPF in the continuation of breast-feeding until the second year of life (prevalence ratio (PR) 0·91, 95 % CI 0·86, 0·96) and in the first year of life (PR 0·93, 95 % CI 0·88, 0·99). Conclusions: It was found that the studied population had a high consumption of UPF, which harmed continued breast-feeding. We highlight the importance of strengthening public policies aimed at the promotion, protection and support of breast-feeding and healthy complementary feeding aimed at populations that have difficulties in physical and economic access to a healthy and adequate diet.

scholarly journals Unmet Need for Family Planning among Currently Married Young Women in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Kamala Lamichhane
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data File ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living Children ◽  
High Level

A high level of unmet need for contraception persists among currently married young women in Nepal. Evidences about unmet need for family planning and associated factors are not fully analyzed in the Nepalese context. Therefore, this study investigates the prevalence and determinants of unmet need for family planning among currently married young women in Nepal. This is an analytical cross-sectional study through secondary data analysis of the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey women data-file. The analysis is based on 2,552 currently married young women aged 15-24 years. Logistic regression is used to assess the net effect of independent variables on dependent variable. Women’s current age, number of living children, education level, occupation, women empowerment, caste/ethnic affiliation, and residence are independent predictors of unmet need. The odds of unmet need are significantly higher among the adolescents, rural, not empowered and not working young women. There is a need to strengthen income generating activities so as to improve their socio-economic status which will translate into female economic and social empowerment which enable them to discuss on sexual issues. Family planning programmes should be designed so as to address the unmet need of young women especially the rural adolescents.

scholarly journals Assessment of awareness level among dentist regarding COVID-19 dental practice in Jammu city: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Ankita Gupta ◽  
Needhika Chhibber ◽  
Ratika Lihala ◽  
Pulkit Vaid ◽  
Tushar Abrol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Dental Practices ◽  
High Level

Background: Dentistry being one of the most exposed professions to COVID-19 infection, it has become necessary to establish a clinical protocol that should be applied in the working environment, to prevent the spread of virus.Methods: This Cross-sectional study was carried out on 393 practicing dentist of Jammu city. A Structured questionnaire was sent via internet to all the participants. The questionnaire consisted of demographic data (6 questions) and questions evaluating awareness (15 questions) of Dentist during COVID-19 Pandemic. The total awareness score was calculated based on subject's responses. Descriptive statistics, independent t- test and one- way ANNOVA was used for statistical analysis.Results: Mean age of the participants was 32±7.03 years. Out of 393 participants 329 (83.7%) exhibited high level of knowledge. Based on educational qualification, those dental practitioner with MDS exhibited more mean knowledge score than BDS practitioner (14.428±0.8091 versus 12.641±2.688, p=0.000)Conclusions: Most of the study subjects had adequate knowledge regarding COVID- 19 dental practices. However, all the study participants were keen to attend educational programs/webinars to further upgrade their knowledge regarding COVID-19 dental practices.  

Breakfast Skipping Is an Independent Predictor of Obesity but not Overweight Among Children in a Southeastern European Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genc Burazeri ◽  
Jolanda Hyska ◽  
Iris Mone ◽  
Enver Roshi
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Population ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Communist Country ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Skipping

Abstract.Aim: To assess the association of breakfast skipping with overweight and obesity among children in Albania, a post-communist country in the Western Balkans, which is undergoing a long and difficult political and socioeconomic transition towards a market-oriented economy. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was carried out in Albania in 2013 including a representative sample of 5810 children aged 7.0 – 9.9 years (49.5% girls aged 8.4 ± 0.6 years and 51.5% boys aged 8.5 ± 0.6 years; overall response rate: 97%). Children were measured for height and weight, and body mass index (BMI) calculated. Cut-off BMI values of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) were used to define overweight and obesity in children. Demographic data were also collected. Results: Upon adjustment for age, sex, and place of residence, breakfast skipping was positively related to obesity (WHO criteria: OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.3–1.9; IOTF criteria: OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.4–2.5), but not overweight (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.3 and OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.4, respectively). Furthermore, breakfast skipping was associated with a higher BMI (multivariable-adjusted OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02–1.07). Conclusions: Our findings point to a strong and consistent positive relationship between breakfast skipping and obesity, but not overweight, among children in this transitional southeastern European population. Future studies in Albania and other transitional settings should prospectively examine the causal role of breakfast skipping in the development of overweight and obesity.

Comparison of Non-radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis and Ankylosing Spondyltis from a Single Rheumatology Hospital in Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nessrine Akasbi ◽  
Siar Nihad ◽  
Zoukal Sofia ◽  
El Kohen Khadija ◽  
Harzy Taoufik
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Back ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asas Criteria ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level

Background: According to the new classification criteria developed by The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society, patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) can be classified in 2 subgroups: Patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: ankylosing spondylitis patients (AS) and those with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA). Objective: The aim of the present study is to describe and discuss the differences and similarities between the two subgroups. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a single rheumatology hospital in Morocco. These included patients diagnosed as having axial spondyloarthritis according to ASAS criteria 2010, during a period of 6 years. The AS and the nr-axSpA subgroups were compared for the various axSpA-related variables. Results: Of the 277 patients with a diagnosis of axial SpA who were included in this study, 160 had AS and 117 had nr-axSpA. AS and nr-ax-SpA shared a similar age at diagnosis, similar prevalence of low back pain, lumbar stiffness, extra-articular manifestations, BASDAI and BASFI. In the multivariate analysis, AS patients were mainly male with cervical stiffness, enthesitis, coxitis and high level of ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate). The females generally had a family history of SpA and arthritis and were associated to the nr-axSpA form in the univariate analysis. Conclusion: This was the first study to characterise patients with AS and nr-axSpA in Morocco. Consistent with other studies published, this study showed that patients with nr-axSpA and patients with AS shared a comparable degree of disease burden.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic determinants of unmet need for outpatient healthcare services in Iran: a national cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajad Vahedi ◽  
Amin Torabipour ◽  
Amirhossein Takian ◽  
Saeed Mohammadpur ◽  
Alireza Olyaeemanesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Services ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Organizational Policies ◽  
Utilization Of Healthcare

Abstract Background Unmet need is a critical indicator of access to healthcare services. Despite concrete evidence about unmet need in Iran’s health system, no recent evidence of this negative outcome is available. This study aimed to measure the subjective unmet need (SUN), the factors associated with it and various reasons behind it in Iran. Methods We used the data of 13,005 respondents over the age of 15 from the Iranian Utilization of Healthcare Services Survey in 2016. SUN was defined as citizens whose needs were not sought through formal healthcare services, while they did not show a history of self-medication. The reasons for SUN were categorized into availability, accessibility, responsibility and acceptability of the health system. The multivariable logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors of SUN and associated major reasons. Results About 17% of the respondents (N = 2217) had unmet need for outpatient services. Nearly 40% of the respondents chose only accessibility, 4% selected only availability, 78% chose only responsibility, and 13% selected only acceptability as the main reasons for their unmet need. Higher outpatient needs was the only factor that significantly increased SUN, responsibility-related SUN and acceptability-related SUN. Low education was associated with higher SUN and responsibility-related SUN, while it could also reduce acceptability-related SUN. While SUN and responsibility-related SUN were prevalent among lower economic quintiles, having a complementary insurance was associated with decreased SUN and responsibility-related SUN. The people with basic insurance had lower chances to face with responsibility-related SUN, while employed individuals were at risk to experience SUN. Although the middle-aged group had higher odds to experience SUN, the responsibility-related SUN were prevalent among elderly, while higher age groups had significant chance to be exposed to acceptability-related SUN. Conclusion It seems that Iran is still suffering from unmet need for outpatient services, most of which emerges from its health system performance. The majority of the unmet health needs could be addressed through improving financial as well as organizational policies. Special attention is needed to address the unmet need among individuals with poor health status.

scholarly journals Burnout and Its Relationship with Demographic and Job-Related Variables among Dentists in Lithuania: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3968
Author(s):  
Eglė Slabšinskienė ◽  
Andrej Gorelik ◽  
Aistė Kavaliauskienė ◽  
Apolinaras Zaborskis
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Satisfaction Index ◽  
Sum Score ◽  
Sum Scores ◽  
High Level

Although burnout has been described as a serious hazard for personal and professional lives and has been surveyed among dentists in many countries, no study has been published regarding burnout among dentists in Lithuania. This study aimed to evaluate the burnout level among Lithuanian dentists and its association with demographic variables, job satisfaction, and other job-related variables. The data were collected among dentists online or during professional conferences while using an anonymous questionnaire (n = 380). The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used to evaluate the burnout level. A Poisson regression was applied for the analysis of relationships between variables. We observed that 42.3% of the respondents had a high emotional exhaustion (EE) (95% confidence interval (CI): 37.4–42.3%), while 18.7% (95% CI: 15.0–22.9%) and 28,2% (95% CI: 23.4–32.6%) had high depersonalization (DP) and low personal accomplishment (PA), respectively. Nonetheless, 15.3% (95% CI: 11.8–18.9%) of the study population experienced a high level of overall burnout. An original job satisfaction index was elaborated. It was significantly associated with sum scores of all burnout dimensions: with the EE sum score (Ratio of Sum Score Means (RSSM) 1.54; 95% CI: 1.46–1.62), DP sum score (RSSM 1.59; 95% CI: 1.45–1.74), and PA sum score (RSSM 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84–0.92). It was concluded that Lithuanian dentists can be characterised by high burnout intensity and high prevalence of burnout, being especially evident in emotional exhaustion. The dentist with low job satisfaction appeared to be the most vulnerable to all burnout dimensions.

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