scholarly journals Dietary and Lifestyle Risk Factors and Metabolic Syndrome: Literature Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAWAN H. AL-QAWASMEH ◽  
REEMA F. TAYYEM
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Metabolic Abnormalities ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is considered a threat to public health due to its rapid growing prevalence worldwide. MetS can result from interrelated metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance (IR), hypertension, dyslipidemia, and abdominal adiposity. Although the pathogenesis of this syndrome is not distinctly understood, it is strongly influenced by multiple genetic variations that interact with many environmental factors such as positive family history of MetS, adherence to unhealthy dietary patterns, low physical activity and smoking and that explain the variations in the prevalence of the MetS within and across populations. All of these factors were found to be associated with IR, obesity, and triglycerides elevation which therefore increase the risk of the MetS Several studies highlighted the effective preventive approach includes lifestyle changes, primarily losing weight, adopting healthy diet, and practicing exercise. All of the mentioned factors can reduce the risk of MetS.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Insulin Resistance and the Associated Risk Factors in a Sample of 14–18-Year-Old Slovak Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 909
Author(s):  
Jana Jurkovičová ◽  
Katarína Hirošová ◽  
Diana Vondrová ◽  
Martin Samohýl ◽  
Zuzana Štefániková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors has increased in Slovakian adolescents as a result of serious lifestyle changes. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and the associations with cardiometabolic and selected lifestyle risk factors in a sample of Slovak adolescents. In total, 2629 adolescents (45.8% males) aged between 14 and 18 years were examined in the study. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure (BP), and resting heart rate were measured; fasting venous blood samples were analyzed; and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-insulin resistance (IR) was calculated. For statistical data processing, the methods of descriptive and analytical statistics for normal and skewed distribution of variables were used. The mean HOMA-IR was 2.45 ± 1.91, without a significant sex differences. IR (cut-off point for HOMA-IR = 3.16) was detected in 18.6% of adolescents (19.8% males, 17.6% females). IR was strongly associated with overweight/obesity (especially central) and with almost all monitored cardiometabolic factors, except for total cholesterol (TC) and systolic BP in females. The multivariate model selected variables such as low level of physical fitness, insufficient physical activity, breakfast skipping, a small number of daily meals, frequent consumption of sweetened beverages, and low educational level of fathers as significant risk factors of IR in adolescents. Recognizing the main lifestyle risk factors and early IR identification is important in terms of the performance of preventive strategies. Weight reduction, regular physical activity, and healthy eating habits can improve insulin sensitivity and decrease the incidence of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome in adults: relation with diet and other lifestyle factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-124
Author(s):  
Ishu Kataria ◽  
Ravinder Chadha ◽  
Renuka Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of risk factors that has the potential of developing into cardiovascular disease or increase the susceptibility to it. It is present worldwide with now even developing countries getting overwhelmed by its burden. With a shift towards unhealthy diet coupled with sedentary lifestyle, development of metabolic syndrome is on the rise even among young adults. One of the main causes of this problem is faulty diet, so any means to reduce the incidence of the syndrome involves the modification of the existing diets rich in saturated fat, sodium and cholesterol. This review focusses on efficacy of different dietary patterns for combating the syndrome along with other lifestyle risk factors. It also highlights newer advancements in the field of Metabolic Syndrome, which can serve as potential strategies to combat it. Public health interventions targeting adults, therefore, should center on prevention through education, modification of diet and lifestyle, and focusing on environment, so that these changes are acceptable and sustainable.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Patients in Treatment for Alcohol and Drug Addiction Who Succeed in Changing Smoking, Weight, and Physical Activity: A Secondary Analysis of an RCT on Combined Lifestyle Interventions

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mette Rasmussen ◽  
Karen Hovhannisyan ◽  
Johanna Adami ◽  
Hanne Tønnesen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Patients addicted to alcohol or drug often have additional unhealthy lifestyles, adding to the high mortality and morbidity in this patient group. Therefore, it is important to consider lifestyle interventions as part of the usual addiction treatment. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim was to identify predictors of successful changes in lifestyle risk factors among patients in treatment for alcohol or drug addiction. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted a secondary analysis of a trial using a 6-week intensive integrated lifestyle intervention: The very integrated program (VIP). Patients were recruited in Addiction Centres Malmö and Psychiatry Skåne, Sweden. The primary outcome was successful changes in lifestyle, measured as quitting tobacco, exercising 30 min per day, and not being over- or underweight after 6 weeks and 12 months. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 212 patients were included in the RCT, and 128 were included in this secondary analysis: 108 at 6 weeks and 89 at 12 months of follow-up. A total of 69 patients were respondents at both follow-ups. The follow-up rates were 51 and 42%, respectively. More education, having at least 2 lifestyle risk factors and having a high quality of life were predictors of a successful change in lifestyle after 6 weeks. After 12 months, the predictors for a successful outcome were having 3 or more risk factors, while an education level up to 3 years was a negative predictor. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Having several unhealthy lifestyles in addition to alcohol and drug addiction was a significant predictor of successful lifestyle changes in the short- and long term after the VIP for lifestyle interventions. Likewise, education was significant. The results should be considered in future development and research among this vulnerable group of patients.

Common risk factors of breast and ovarian cancer: recent view

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Zografos ◽  
M. Panou ◽  
N. Panou
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Breast And Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

Clinicians, epidemiologists, and public health specialists tend to examine breast and ovarian cancer separately. Although this seems fairly rational and expected, both malignancies are estrogen related and thus share many risk factors. In this review, we investigate the common familial, reproductive, anthropometric, nutritional, and lifestyle risk factors of breast and ovarian cancer. We believe that the parallel examination of the two cancer types could significantly contribute to an improved prevention of “gynecological cancer” as a whole.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Insulin Resistance and the Associated Risk Factors in a Sample of 14–18-Year-Old Slovak Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Jurkovicova ◽  
Katarina Hirosova ◽  
Diana Vondrova ◽  
Martin Samohyl ◽  
Zuzana Stefanikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

The prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors has increased in Slovakian adolescents as a result of serious lifestyle changes. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) and the associations with cardiometabolic and selected lifestyle risk factors in a sample of Slovak adolescents. In total, 2,629 adolescents (45.8% males) aged between 14 and 18 years were examined in the study. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, and resting heart rate were measured, fasting venous blood samples were analysed, and HOMA-IR was calculated. The mean HOMA-IR was 2.45&plusmn;1.91 without a significant intersexual difference. IR (cut-off point for HOMA-IR=3.16) was detected in 18.6% of adolescents (19.8% males, 17.6% females). IR was strongly associated with overweight/obesity (especially central) and with almost all monitored cardiometabolic factors, except for TC and systolic BP in females. The multivariate model selected variables such as low level of physical fitness, insufficient physical activity, breakfast skipping, a small number of daily meals, frequent consumption of sweetened beverages, and low educational level of fathers as the significant risk factors of IR in adolescents. Recognizing the main lifestyle risk factors and early IR identification is important in terms of the performance of preventive strategies. Weight reduction, regular physical activity, and healthy eating habits can improve insulin sensitivity and decrease the incidence of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and CVD in adulthood.

Diet and Cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Marian L. Fitzgibbon ◽  
Lisa Tussing-Humphreys ◽  
Angela Kong ◽  
Alexis Bains
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Cancer Society ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
Obesity And Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

Diet contributes to the development of 30% to 35% of cancers. Shifts in the food landscape have contributed to changes in dietary intake, energy balance, and the development of obesity. Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m², is associated with several cancers. The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR), the American Cancer Society (ACS), and several large U.S.-based randomized trials are studying the relationship between diet, dietary patterns, lifestyle risk factors, obesity, and cancer. Prior research reported an association between individual nutrients and cancer risk. This research, however, did not fully investigate the complexity of diet and interactions between specific dietary components. Overall, according to data reported by the WCRF and the AICR, primary prevention of many cancers is possible through modifiable lifestyle changes. Identifying and intervening on barriers to lifestyle modifications remains a challenge, but it is increasingly apparent that there is a relationship between diet, lifestyle risk factors, and cancer development and that many cancers can be prevented.

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