scholarly journals How Government Response to COVID-19 in Bangladesh? An Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Ishtiaque Arif ◽  
Mohammad Maksudul Karim ◽  
Md. Siddikur Rahman ◽  
Abu Bakar Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Government Response ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
The Government ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
The Impact

In this 21st century, in front of the whole world it was a very unlikely occurrence of a new pandemic named as Covid – 19. First China and after other countries it advanced its black claw on Bangladesh. Bangladesh's government was aware of the pandemic's predicament and took steps to protect the population, as well as the economy and numerous industrial sectors. Though the government of Bangladesh did its hardest to provide all forms of assistance to the country's economy, the government was unable to successfully control the pandemic due to the country's large population and people's irresponsibility. Due to the significant impact of Covid-19 during this epidemic, various economic and financial sectors were severely harmed, particularly the garment industry sector. Covid – 19 also has an impact on financial institutions such as banks and other financial institutions. Small businesses, start-ups, and other commercial concerns were also severely harmed. The impact of the epidemic on these industries has had a huge impact on all sectors. This research aims to give a comprehensive and useful overview of the observed and potential consequences in the near future. The study relied on secondary data. Information was gathered from numerous media sources, articles, newspapers, policy experts, and other publications in order to better comprehend it. The goal of this research is to describe Bangladesh's pandemic challenges and government response to the worldwide issue.

scholarly journals Financial Inclusion in Ethiopia: Is It on the Right Track?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tekeste Berhanu Lakew ◽  
Hossein Azadi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Regulatory Guidelines ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

It is important to evaluate the impact of Ethiopia’s financial inclusion strategy since it has been launched in 2014. Accordingly, this paper assesses the extent to which the target has been met. The main aim of this study is to measure the success or failure of Ethiopia’s financial inclusion in comparison with other countries in East Africa. Using secondary data, this study revealed that Ethiopia’s financial inclusion is not as successful as other East African countries. This study also found that Ethiopians prefer informal saving clubs rather than formal financial organs. This preference, combined with unemployment and low income, is the barrier to the financial inclusion strategy. Based on the findings, identifying and addressing root causes should be done by removing distance, cost, credit, and documentation barriers. Moreover, the findings showed that access to public transit can also expand the reach of formal financial institutions by encouraging more people to physically access financial institutions. This study recommended access to formal financial organs as a core to financial institutions. Access to formal financial organs should be boosted through increasing financial institutions. Educating individuals about their financial circumstances were also recommended so that people can increase their formal saving uptake. This paper also recommended that the government develop regulatory guidelines for the functioning of financial institutions. The main outcome, therefore, is that financial institutions could be more transparent and predictable, reduce costs, and simplify the rules for entering the market.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on the Green Banking of Financial Institutions in an Emerging Economy: Implications for the Green Economic Recovery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Bakkar Siddik ◽  
Guang-Wen Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
The Government ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to identify the COVID-19 impact on the green banking activities including green financing of banks and non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs) during the pandemic. Besides, this study also reveals the in-house environmental management of banks and NBFIs during the COVID-19 outbreak. To analyze the impact of the pandemic on green banking activities, secondary data were obtained from the quarterly and annual reports of Bangladesh Bank (BB) on green banking activities, annual reports and websites of the sample banks and NBFIs in Bangladesh for the period 2020–2019. The study utilized descriptive statistics, relative percentage changes, and varying tables and graphs to analyze the obtained secondary data. Consequently, the empirical findings revealed that, compared to the pre-pandemic period, banks’ total green financing rose by 7.26% during the pandemic, while total green financing of NBFIs plummeted by 18.53% during the same period. In addition, the category-wise results indicate that green financing of the private commercial banks (PCBs) decreased by 11% during the COVID-19 pandemic, contrasting the 56.54% increase witnessed by the state-owned commercial banks (SOCBs) during the same period. Interestingly, our findings showed that green financing of foreign-owned commercial banks (FCBs) during the pandemic increased by 78.69% in 2020 compared to 2019. During the same period, BB refinancing scheme for green products/initiatives of banks and NBFIs grew by 76.97%. The results further showed that the PCBs and FCBs’ in-house environmental management expanded during the outbreak except for the number of solar-powered ATM booths, which dropped by 68.25% for PCBs and 9.09% for FCBs. On the other hand, SOCBs’ in-house environmental management grew during the pandemic. Furthermore, the results indicate that the Bangladeshi banks’ automation towards green banking were satisfactory during the pandemic. Therefore, major policy implications for the green economic recovery of the government, BB, and mangers of the banks and financial institutions in emerging economies like Bangladesh were discussed.

scholarly journals Green Finance During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond: Implications for Green Economic Recovery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Bakkar Siddik ◽  
Guang-Wen Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Green Finance ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The main purpose of study is to identify the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the green financing of banks and non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs) in an emerging economy such as Bangladesh. Also, this study shows the green banking activities of the banks and NBFIs during the pandemic. To analyze the impact of the pandemic on green financing, secondary data were obtained from the quarterly and annual reports of Bangladesh Bank (BB) on green financing as well as the annual reports and websites of 61 banks and 34 NBFIs in Bangladesh for the period 2021–2019. Subsequently, the study deployed dependent t-test statistics, growth rate (year-on-year), descriptive statistics, relative percentage changes, and varying tables and graphs to analyze the obtained secondary data. The empirical findings revealed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in green finance for all banks and NBFIs compared to before the epidemic, indicating that the pandemic had no negative impact on the total green finance growth of all banks and NBFIs. On the other hand, compared to the pre-pandemic period, bank-wise growth in green financing was higher for state-owned commercial banks (SOCBs), specialized banks (SDBs), and private commercial banks (PCBs) but lower for foreign-owned commercial banks (FCBs) during the COVID-19 epidemic. This suggests that the pandemic does not affect the expansion of green finance by SOCBs, SDBs and PCBs but significantly impacted the growth of green financing by FCBs. Furthermore, the research findings showed that the total outstanding and classified loans within the green finance investment decrease for both banks and NBFIs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results indicated that the Bangladeshi banks’ level of automation towards green banking were satisfactory during the pandemic. Therefore, major policy implications for the green economic recovery by the government, BB, and managers of the banks and financial institutions in emerging economies like Bangladesh were discussed.

scholarly journals Impact of Covid-19 Crisis on Micro-Enterprises: A Study of Lunglei Mizoram

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
R. Lalngaihsaki ◽  
R. Lalnunthara
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Society Business ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Enterprises ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Covid-19 pandemic has impacted the society, business and economy around the world. The present study is conducted to understand and analyse the impact of Covid-19 crisis on micro-enterprises in Lunglei, Mizoram. For the purpose of the study, 80 micro-enterprises were selected as sample. Primary data were collected by using the structured questionnaire. Secondary data were collected through journals, books and websites. The study reflected that 80% of the enterprises’ revenue were negatively impacted by the pandemic. 58.75% of the enterprises were facing the problems in making obligatory payments such as salaries, wages, rent, taxes, loans etc due to the Covid-19 crisis. The present study also revealed that 28.75% of the enterprises’ working capital were already negative to run the enterprises if Covid-19 crisis continues. Therefore, the study recommended that the government, banks and financial institutions would take steps to alleviate the impact of Covid-19 crisis on the micro-enterprises by providing low interest loans, relaxation of the loan payment, new schemes for entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals The Government's Response to the Online Transportation Sub-Sector Economic Resilience in Anticipating the Covid-19 Impact: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-93
Author(s):  
Nicholas Aryo Bimo Wuryanto ◽  
Erfianti Erfianti ◽  
Dyah - Mutiarin
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Economic Resilience ◽  
Government Response ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly affected human life, especially in the Indonesian economy and the transportation sub-sector. This research explains the Government's response in economic resilience and online transportation in anticipating the pandemic’s impact. Secondary data were analyzed using the descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that various initial responses were used to overcome the pandemic in online transportation, such as tight health protocols in customer facilities. These include purchasing PPE, medical devices, hospital upgrades, intensive doctors, and support for medical personnel by the government. Furthermore, there is an effort to strengthen economic resilience, especially for workers in the online transportation sub-sector. Keywords: The Impact of Covid-19; Economic Resilience; Government Response, Online Transportation; Resilience Response

Effectiveness of Auctions in Securing Price Support for Farmers: The Case of a Grain Market in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cost ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Price Support ◽  
Minimum Support ◽  
Minimum Price ◽  
Support Price ◽  
The Government ◽  
Nonparametric Estimates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analyze Data

Abstract This paper reviews rice procurement operations of Government of India from the standpoints of cost of procurement as well as effectiveness in supporting farmers’ incomes. The two channels in use for procuring rice till 2015, were custom milling of rice and levy. In the first, the government bought paddy directly from farmers at the minimum support price (MSP) and got it milled from private millers; while in the second, it purchased rice from private millers at a pre-announced levy price thus providing indirect price support to farmers. Secondary data reveal that levy, despite implying lower cost of procurement was discriminated against till about a decade back and eventually abolished in 2015 in favor of custom milling, better trusted to provide minimum price support. We analyze data from auctions of paddy from a year when levy was still important to investigate its impact on farmers’ revenues. We use semi-nonparametric estimates of millers’ values to simulate farmers’ expected revenues and find these to be rather close to the MSP; a closer analysis shows that bidder competition is critical to this result. Finally, we use our estimates to quantify the impact of change in levy price on farmers’ revenues and use this to discuss ways to revive the levy channel.

Stock Market Reaction on Green-Bond Issue: Evidence from Indian Green-Bond Issuers

2021 ◽  
pp. 097226292110225
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Verma ◽  
Rohit Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Bond Issue ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: A green bond is a financial instrument issued by governments, financial institutions and corporations to fund green projects, such as those involving renewable energy, green buildings, low carbon transport, etc. This study analyses the effect of green-bond issue announcement on the issuer’s stock price movement. It shows the reaction of the stock price after the issue of green bonds. Methodology: This study is based on secondary data. Green-bond issue dates have been collected from newspaper articles from different online sources, such as Business Standard, The Economic Times, Moneycontrol, etc. The closing prices of stocks have been taken from the NSE (National Stock Exchange of India Limited) website. An event window of 21 days has been fixed for the study, including the 10 days before and after the issue date. Data analysis is carried out through the event study method using the R software. Calculation of abnormal returns is done using three models: mean-adjusted returns model, market-adjusted returns model and risk-adjusted returns model. Findings: The results show that the issue of green bonds has a significant positive effect on the stock price. Returns increase after the green-bond issue announcement. Although the announcement day shows a negative return for all the samples taken for the study, the 10-day cumulative abnormal return (CAR) is positive. Thus, green-bond issues lead to positive sentiments among investors. Research implications: This research article will help the government issue more green bonds so that the proceeds can be utilized for green projects. The government should motivate corporations and financial institutions to issue more green bonds to help the economy grow. In India, very few organizations have issued a green bond. It will be beneficial if these players issue green bonds, as it will increase the firms’ value and boost returns to the investors. Originality/value: The effect of green-bond issue on stock returns has been analysed in some studies in developed countries. This is the first study to examine the impact of green-bond issue on stock returns in the Indian context, to the best of our knowledge.

Impact of Covid-19 on women entrepreneurship in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
Hiren Rana ◽  
◽  
Dr. Ninad Jhala
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Financial Crises ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Rules ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
Roll Back

The current pandemic of COVID 19 proliferated from China since December 2019 over the globe. Since then it has a significant effect visible on the global economy and living pattern of life. India is the fifth richest country abruptly affected after China and America. India is known for innovative start-ups and the business model collapsed due to the reduction in demand and supply chain because the sudden outbreak of COVID 19 resulted in complete lockdown. During COVID 19 pandemic, the government has taken new initiatives to reborn the entrepreneurs of India. However, many industries, small businesses, start-ups were rolling behind due to financial crises. There were no options for entrepreneurs to rely on the government rules, regulations to roll back in the market.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN SMOKE-FREE AREAS AND SMOKING BEHAVIOR IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Mohamad Anis Fahmi
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Impact

Background: Low public awareness of the impact of smoking makes the implementation of smoke-free areas (KTR) difficult. Smoke-free areas aim to protect the public from the direct and indirect effects of smoking. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the correlation between the application of smoke-free areas and the prevalence of active and ex-smokers in Indonesia. Method: This study implemented a cross-sectional design, using secondary data from the Riskesdas 2018 on active and ex-smokers. KTR application data were obtained from the Profile of Non-Communicable Diseases in 2016. A Pearson product-moment test was conducted by a computer application to determine the correlation coefficient (r). This coefficient was used to describe the level of correlation between the two variables; significance was determined as a p value of 5%. Results: This study showed that the average application of KTR throughout Indonesia was 50.83%, active smokers comprised 23.49% of the population, and ex-smokers comprised 4.94%. Most active smokers were in Java and Sumatra, while the majority of ex-smokers were in Java and Sulawesi and the majority of KTR was in Java. This study shows that there is a positive correlation between KTR application and the percentage of ex-smokers (r = 0.46; p value = 0.01). Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between the application of KTR and an increase in ex-smokers. The government needs to increase the application of KTR policies.

scholarly journals The Giving Of Disciplinary Penalty of Civil Servants Based On Government Regulation Number 53 of 2010 in Governments of Demak Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adib ◽  
Sri Kusriyah Kusriyah ◽  
Siti Rodhiyah Dwi Istinah
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Disciplinary Action ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Immediate Supervisor ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Government Regulation No. 53 of 2010 regarding the discipline of the Civil Servant loading obligations, prohibitions, and disciplinary action which could be taken to the Civil Servant who has been convicted of the offense, is intended to foster a Civil Servant who has committed an offense, the form of disciplinary punishment is mild, moderate, and weight. Disciplinary punishment for the Civil Servant under Government Regulation No. 53 of 2010 Concerning the Discipline of Civil Servants. The formulation of this journal issue contains about how the process of disciplinary punishment, and constraints and efforts to overcome the impact of the Civil Servant disciplinary punishment in Government of Demak regency. The approach used in this study is a sociological juridical approach or juridical empirical, that is an approach that examines secondary data first and then proceed to conduct research in the field of primary data normative. The process of giving disciplinary sanctions for State Civil Apparatus in Government of Demak regency begins with the examination conducted by the immediate supervisor referred to in the legislation governing the authority of appointment, transfer and dismissal of civil servants. The results showed that in general the process of sanctioning / disciplinary punishment of civil servants in the Government of Demak be said to be good and there have been compliance with the existing regulations / applied in Government Regulation No. 53 of 2010, although it encountered the competent authorities judge still apply tolerance against the employee, but also a positive impact among their deterrent good not to repeat the same offense or one level higher than before either the Civil Servant concerned or the other. Obstacles in carrying out disciplinary punishment in Government of Demak regency environment is still low awareness of employees to do and be disciplined in performing the tasks for instance delays incoming work, lack of regulatory discipline, lack of supervision system and any violations of employee discipline. There must be constraints to overcome need for cooperation with other stakeholders comprising Inspectorate, BKPP, and the immediate superior civil servants in this way can be mutually reinforcing mutual communication, consultation, coordination so that if later there is a problem in the future could be accounted for.Keywords: Delivery of Disciplinary Sanctions; Civil Servant; Government Regulation No. 53 of 2010.

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