scholarly journals Crises no Humanitarismo Multidimensional: As Respostas Reformistas do Pilar de Paz e Segurança da ONU l Crisis on Multidimensional Humanitarianism: The Reformist Responses From The UN Peace and Security Pillar

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e58831
Author(s):  
Letícia Rizzotti Lima
Keyword(s):  
Peace Operations ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
Significant Pattern ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Key Issues

O humanitarismo multidimensional da ONU é constantemente atingido por crises institucionais, marcadas por fraturas de legitimidade e limites orçamentários. Este artigo explora as questões-chave desses momentos a partir das reformas administrativas levadas a cabo em resposta às essas tensões. As reestruturações do pilar de paz e segurança são um mecanismo fundamental de articulação do Secretariado para contornar entraves políticos do CSNU e estabeleceram um padrão significativo de envernizamento tecnocrático das atividades encampadas nas operações de paz. Assim, conclui-se que esse padrão foi reciclado ao longo das últimas três décadas, sedimentando o largo rol multidimensional. Atualmente, esse modelo é contestado justamente por sua extensão e tendo como principal tendência emergente o eixo de estabilização. Palavras-chave: Humanitarismo Multidimensional; ONU; Reformas Administrativas.ABSTRACTUN’s multidimensional humanitarianism constantly subject of institutional crises, characterized by legitimacy fractures and budget limits. This paper explores the key-issues of these events shedding light to the administrative reforms carried out in response to these tensions. The restructuring of the peace and security pillar is a crucial articulation mechanism of the Secretariat to overcome the UNSC's political blockages and it has established a significant pattern of technocratic varnishing on the activities undertaken in peace operations. Thus, we concluded that this pattern has been recycled over the last three decades, consolidating the wide multidimensional scope. Currently, this model is contested precisely because of its extension and its main emerging trend is the stabilization axis.Keywords: Multidimensional Humanitarianism; UN; Administrative Reforms. Recebido em: 02/04/2021 | Aceito em: 24/08/2021. 

Part IV Activities of Organizations, Ch.9 Peace Operations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayal Anjali ◽  
Howard Lise Morjé
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
International Conflict ◽  
Military Intervention ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
The World ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Global Peace ◽  
World Organization

This chapter discusses the origins of peace operations; their evolution alongside the growing international conflict management structures of the United Nations (UN) and other international organizations; and their core functions, composition, and efficacy. Although peace operations have roots in earlier forms of military intervention, their emergence as a dominant tool for conflict management is a distinct innovation of the same internationalist project that forged the UN. Their evolution lays bare the fundamental tensions between state interests and the liberal internationalist project of a ‘world organization for the enforcement of peace’, and their execution has defined the way wars are fought today. The chapter focuses on UN peace operations throughout because they are the modal type of mission in the world. It also discusses the use of force within peace operations, an issue of growing importance that highlights fundamental tensions in the authorization and execution of internationally-led efforts to maintain global peace and security.

WPS and SEA in Peacekeeping Operations

2018 ◽  
pp. 221-236
Author(s):  
Jasmine-Kim Westendorf
Keyword(s):  
Security Council ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Aid Workers ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Peace And Security

In the past fifteen years, despite the adoption of UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace, and Security and the Secretary-General’s Bulletin on Zero Tolerance of sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA) by peacekeepers, abuse by interveners remains prevalent in peace operations. SEA is not only perpetrated by peacekeepers, but also aid workers, diplomats, private contractors, and others associated with interventions. This chapter maps the extent and main characteristics of SEA in peace operations, and investigates the ways the international community has attempted to prevent and hold individuals accountable for SEA. It provides an assessment of the weaknesses in the existing WPS framework regarding SEA, particularly in terms of its engagement with masculinities, capital, and other permissive factors that make SEA such a central feature of peacekeeping operations.

IHL and Peace Operations: Sharing Canada's lessons learned from Somalia

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 362-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Young ◽  
Maria Molina
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Background Information ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Canadian Forces ◽  
Peace Operation ◽  
Key Issues

This note briefly reviews certain aspects of international humanitarian law (IHL) arising from the civilian Commission of Inquiry established in Canada on 20 March 1995 to investigate the role of Canadian forces during the multinational peace operation in Somalia in 1992 and 1993.After some background information, we focus on two key issues concerning IHL arising from the Commission's work:(1) The applicability of IHL to a peace operation such as the Canadian deployment to Somalia; and(2) Canada's obligation to provide IHL training to die members of its armed forces.We conclude with some observations on die Commission's impact, including die responses of die Canadian government and die Canadian Forces.

un Peacekeeping as the Most Presentable Part of Japan’s 2015 Peace and Security Legislation

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 21-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Toyoda
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
International Peace ◽  
The Public ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Japanese Diet

In September 2015, the Japanese Diet enacted a series of laws – the Peace and Security Legislation – to enable the Japan Self-Defense Force to play an enhanced role in peace deployments overseas. The enactment of the new laws was made possible by a “new” interpretation of Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution. While the main objective of the introduction of the laws was aimed at strengthening the alliance with the United States, jsdf participation in peace operations was also an important consideration politically. This article suggests that the Japanese government will now need to convince the public that the new Peace and Security Legislation is compatible with Japan’s constitutionally mandated pacifism. In light of the prospect of an expanded participation of Japan in international peace operations this will be particularly important.

Provision of state and municipal services in Russia: the current state and main directions for improving

Servis plus ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Людмила Гаврилова ◽  
Lyudmila Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Unsolved Problem ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Municipal Services ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
Current State ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Services Innovation

In today´s world there is urgency to improving the scope of government (municipal) services, updating their delivery mechanisms by bringing them in line with modern requirements of society, under the influence of the rapidly developing information technology. State policy in Russia in the sphere of state (municipal) services includes a range of activities, the implementation of which aimed at improving the legal regulation of this sector, the introduction of new forms of state (municipal) services, streamlining the organization of supply and improving the quality of the services. These activities are implemented in stages within the framework of state reforms that are going on in Russia for more than a decade. The article analyzes a specific budget measures and administrative reforms in state (municipal) services. The analysis of the concepts "public service" and "public function" within the legal format allowed the author to distinguish between measures to improve the organization of state (municipal) social services provided by the state (municipal) institutions and public services provided directly by state executive bodies ( "administrative " services). For example, in the area of social services the ratio of the planned amount of state (municipal) services and their financial security remain key issues. In order to improve "administrative" services innovation in recentyears are rapidly introduced new forms of delivery of these services, which are key objectives of the possibility of application for state (municipal) services in electronic form, as well as creating a network of institutions authorized for the provision of public ( municipal) "administrative" services — multipurpose centers. However, the general unsolved problem within the scope of public administration (municipal) services is improving their quality and accessibility.

The AU’s Progress and Achievements in the Realm of Peace and Security

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Segun Joshua ◽  
Faith Olanrewaju
Keyword(s):  
Data Gathering ◽  
Institutional Capacity ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
African Continent ◽  
African Unity ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Domestic Affairs

When Organisation of African Unity (OAU) was formed, the problem confronting Africa continent then was colonialism. It is therefore not a surprise that its major preoccupation was how to liberate countries within the continent that were still under the grip of colonialism. However, the surge of conflicts in various African countries shortly after independence, manifesting in form of ethnicity, religious, struggle for political power among others, coupled with OAU policy of non-intervention in the domestic affairs of member states, combined to turn African continent to the bedlam of the world. The failure of OAU led to the formation of the African Unity (AU) to correct some of these ills. This article examines AU’s achievements in the realm of peace and security using secondary sources of data gathering. Since AU came on board, how far has it fared in promoting peace and security in the continent? Findings reveal that although AU has achieved much in the realm of peace and security in Africa, yet it lacks the needed human resources and institutional capacity to conduct effective peace operations and peace-making initiatives. The study therefore suggested among others the need to strengthen AU’s institutional capacity and more personnel should be donated by members countries

scholarly journals German Public Administration: Background and Key Issues

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sabine Kuhlmann ◽  
Isabella Proeller ◽  
Dieter Schimanke ◽  
Jan Ziekow
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Open Government ◽  
List Type ◽  
Administrative System ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
Better Regulation ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractThe international community of public administration and administrative sciences shows a great interest in the basic features of the German administrative system. The German public administration with its formative decentralisation (called: administrative federalism) is regarded as a prime example of multilevel governance and strong local self-government. Furthermore, over the past decades, the traditional profile of the German administrative system has significantly been reshaped and remoulded through reforms, processes of modernisation and the transformation process in East Germany. Studies on the German administrative system should focus especially on key institutional features of public administration; changing relationships between public administration, society and the private sector; administrative reforms at different levels of the federal system; and new challenges and modernisation approaches, such as digitalisation, open government and better regulation. The publication is following this structure in four parts with 22 chapters.

UN Peace Operations

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-98
Author(s):  
Rosemary Foot
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Apparent Paradox ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Peace And Security

The primary aim of this chapter is to explain the apparent paradox of increasing Chinese support and involvement even as UN peace operations have become more complex, dangerous, and intrusive. The argument explores why Beijing moved from a position of hostility to UN operations in the Maoist era to one of constructive if still cautious engagement. It then establishes how the building of a positive image and reputation through involvement in UN peace operations has proven useful to the more active presentation of its core beliefs about the role of such activity in generating peace and security, before assessing the extent to which its ideas contradict or complement some of the central recommendations offered in the major reports that the UN has commissioned on this topic and that will be referenced in the opening sections of this chapter. A final section concentrates on Beijing’s decision to augment further the UN’s capacity to carry out peace operations, particularly after 2015, before exploring some of the consequences, actual and potential, that have come in the wake of that decision.

A Regional Responsibility to Protect? Towards ‘Enhancing Regional Action’ in Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 270-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obinna Franklin Ifediora
Keyword(s):  
Security Council ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
African Union ◽  
Popular Participation ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Peaceful Settlement ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Governance Architecture

Ten years after its endorsement by the un General Assembly, the operationalisation of the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) concept faces challenges of consistency and capacity. Too often, global politics at the world’s premier intergovernmental body, the un, hampers effective action. Regional arrangements have a crucial role to play in this regard, however, questions of capacity to live up to this expectation remain. The Peace and Security Council (psc) of the African Union (au), mandated to implement the African Peace and Security Architecture (apsa) has primarily focused on developing the African Standby Force (asf), which the au succeeded in bringing to its ‘Full Operational Capability’ (foc) in December 2015 for implementation. Deploying the asf in deserving cases, for instance in Burundi in 2016, raises issues of sovereign consent, risks and costs. To avoid these complexities, this article argues that regional arrangements under Chapter viii are primarily pacific tools of the Security Council; focusing on harnessing these peaceful mechanisms of conflict prevention offers potential for consistent and effective ‘first responses’ to crises, with fewer complications. Regional arrangements as mediation tools present great opportunity for peaceful settlement of local disputes. Support for mediation is typically by peace operations. This article proposes that mediation support by a ‘preventive arbitration’ tool through ‘popular participation’ under the African Governance Architecture (aga) may have a pivotal role in this respect. Therefore, a regional responsibility to protect, through greater mediation, requires mediating challenges of governance in Africa.

Part I General Framework, 4 UN Peace Operations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bothe Michael
Keyword(s):  
General Framework ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
International Peace ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Peacekeeping Forces ◽  
Internal Order

This chapter examines the laws regarding UN operations for the maintenance or restoration of international peace and security involving military elements. UN peacekeeping forces are by necessity present on ‘foreign’ territory—a fact which renders peacekeeping forces comparable to traditional Visiting Forces. There are, however, a number of differences which distinguish peacekeeping forces from the usual type of Visiting Forces. The main difference is their international mandate as an instrumentality of the UN. Their task is either the prevention or the pacification of international armed conflicts by serving as buffers or observers, or the reestablishment of internal order in a country through a wide array of measures, in particular after the end of an internal conflict. This specific mandate must be reflected in one way or the other in the legal rules which regulate their status and their rights and duties.

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