Didactic Tools of Museum Pedagogy as an Element for the Formation of the New Educational Space
The article considers various types of didactic museum tools used in organizing museum and pedagogical activities with schoolchildren and students. High-quality design of museum work is impossible without the development of teaching tools that improve the quality and effectiveness of educational activities in the museum space. The author addresses the means of museum pedagogy as elements of didactic support, objects of material and spiritual culture, which contributes to the effective implementation of the museum and pedagogical process, acts as a powerful information resource for the reconstruction and actualization of the cultural heritage of the past. The main audio-visual didactic means in the space of the museum have been highlighted and analysed – museum promo videos; museum audio guides and QR codes; virtual mobile devices and applications; museum films; museum performances-improvisations; museum presentations, didactic mini-posters; museum posters; game table (wall, floor) maps; museum game and interactive guides; museum passports; route sheets of activity («work maps»); workbooks. The author emphasizes that the peculiarity of the use of didactic tools in the space of the museum can be their technological nature, in particular, availability, rationality, time saving, and certain algorithmic character. The author draws attention to the importance of didactic museum tools in the context of the formation of the new educational space, focuses on modern educational paradigms, the humanistic nature of teaching and education, an individual approach to schoolchildren and university students.