Sociodemographic factors associated with postnatal maternal complications in public hospitals in Nairobi City County, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Raheli Misiko Mukhwana ◽  
Margaret N Keraka ◽  
Meshack Onyambu
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Focused Antenatal Care

Introduction/Aims Focused antenatal care provides individualised counselling, targeted assessment and safe, cost effective, evidence-based intervention. It has been implemented in developing countries as a strategy to improve maternal health. This study aimed to investigate sociodemographic factors associated with maternal complications in selected public county hospitals in Nairobi City County, Kenya. Methods This was a cross-sectional study using a sample of 397 postnatal women who were given a questionnaire, with sections on their sociodemographic and health characteristics. Data analysis was done using the Chi Square test to determine the association between study variables, with P<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results The study found that 30% of respondents reported a maternal complication during their current delivery outcome. Sociodemographic factors significantly associated with maternal complications were age (P=0.002), occupation (P=0.001) and income (P=0.011). The health factors associated with occurrence of maternal complications were number of deliveries (P=0.001) and mode of delivery (P=0.001). Conclusions A number of factors were found to be significantly associated with maternal outcomes, including age and occupation. Further studies to determine why young women do not use focused antenatal care are necessary, as this would help reduce the incidence of birth-associated complications.

scholarly journals Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Mothers in Rawalpindi: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Sara Bashir Kant ◽  
Humaira Mahmood ◽  
Masood ur Rehman ◽  
Misha Anis ◽  
Assad Hafeez
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Exclusive Breast Feeding

Background: Exclusive Breast Feeding is one of the most cost effective and simple ways to ensure child health and survival and is the single most instrumental intervention that leads to decreased child mortality and morbidity. This study was done to determine the frequency of exclusive breast feeding among mothers in rural Rawalpindi and to determine the frequency of factors affecting exclusive breast feeding among mothers in rural Rawalpindi. Methods: It was a descriptive cross- sectional study, conducted in 6 months in Union Council Mandra, from November 2014 to April 2015. A sample size of 245was selected through non-probability consecutive sampling. Data was collected on a structured questionnaire from mothers visiting the RHC Mandra facility after taking informed consent. Data was analyzed in the statistical software SPSS 10. Results: The frequency of Exclusive Breast Feeding (EBF) determined in the study was 52.2%. 29% mothers had primary level education, 52.7% had deliveries in the public hospitals and 46.5% were house wives. The birth order, age of the child, number of antenatal visits, birth wt. and mode of delivery (p<0.05) were significantly associated with EBF. The association of mother's and father's education level, monthly income, birth interval and mother's occupation with EBF were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Health education by health professionals during antenatal period to initiate and maintain exclusive breast feeding should be strengthened by focusing more on the nutritional aspects of the newborn babies and its benefits in the later life.

scholarly journals Respectful focused antenatal care and associated factors among pregnant women who visit Shashemene town public hospitals, Oromia region, Ethiopia: a cross‐sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Adane ◽  
Agegnehu Bante ◽  
Biresaw Wassihun
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Focused Antenatal Care ◽  
Respectful Care

Abstract Background Focused antenatal care is the most significant and inclusive care given to pregnant women to promote and maintain the optimal health of the mother and the fetus. Providing respectful care during focused antenatal care is believed to be the most important cost-effective interventions to increase maternity service utilization. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess respectful focused antenatal care and associated factors among pregnant women who visit Shashemene town public hospitals, Oromia region, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July-August, 2019. A total of 423 pregnant mothers were selected using a systematic sampling technique. Data were collected using structured and pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaires. Data entry and analysis were made using Epi Info version™ 7 and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 24.0 respectively. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify associated factors. Statistical significance was declared at a p value of < 0.05 with a 95% confidence level. Results A total of 420 women have participated in the study, making a response rate of 99.5%. About 63% of participants received respectful care during focused antenatal care. Having no formal education [AOR = 8.3(95%CI 9.85–17.47)], low average monthly income [AOR = 3.16 (95%CI 1.52–6.57)], having unplanned pregnancy [AOR = 9.90 (95%CI 3.48–8.16)] and being multigravida [AOR = 8.82 (95%CI 2.90–6.80)] were significantly associated with respectful focused antenatal care. Conclusions The study findings indicate that respondents’ respectful focused antenatal care is mainly affected by educational level, average family monthly income, having an unplanned pregnancy, and gravidity. Providing acceptable, quality, and honorable care for all women regardless of educational status, family income, and status of pregnancy is very crucial to entice more mothers to the health facility.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Inadequate Bowel Preparation for Screening Colonoscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2740
Author(s):  
Efrat L. Amitay ◽  
Tobias Niedermaier ◽  
Anton Gies ◽  
Michael Hoffmeister ◽  
Hermann Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Screening Practice ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Inadequate Bowel Preparation

The success of a colonoscopy in detecting and removing pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions depends heavily on the quality of bowel preparation. Despite efforts, 20–44% of colonoscopy participants have an inadequate bowel preparation. We aimed to assess and compare risk factors for inadequate bowel preparation and for the presence of advanced colorectal neoplasms in routine screening practice. In this cross-sectional study, among 8125 participants of screening colonoscopy in Germany with a comprehensive assessment of sociodemographic factors, lifestyle and medical history, we examined factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation and with findings of advanced neoplasms using adjusted log-binomial regression models. Among the identified risk factors assessed, three factors were identified that were significantly associated with inadequate bowel preparation: age ≥ 70 years (adjusted prevalence ratios, aPR, 1.50 95%CI 1.31–1.71), smoking (aPR 1.29 95%CI 1.11–1.50) and abdominal symptoms (aPR 1.14 95%CI 1.02–1.27). The same risk factors were also associated with the prevalence of advanced neoplasms in our study (aPR 1.72, 1.62 and 1.44, respectively). The risk factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation in this study were also associated with a higher risk for advanced neoplasms. Inadequate bowel preparation for colonoscopy might lead to missed colorectal cancer (CRC) precursors and the late diagnosis of CRC. People at high risk of advanced neoplasms are in particular need of enhanced bowel preparation.

scholarly journals Timing and reasons for antenatal care booking among women in a tertiary health care center in Southern Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ntiense Macaulay Utuk ◽  
Anyiekere Ekanem ◽  
Aniekan Monday Abasiattai
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Safe Motherhood ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Southern Nigeria ◽  
The Mean

Background: Antenatal care is one of the four pillars of safe motherhood and its benefits in preventing adverse feto-maternal outcome is proven. Commencement of antenatal care early has been shown to be key for this benefit to be fully realized. The aim of this study was to determine the antenatal booking pattern of pregnant women and its determinants in our environment.Methods: A cross sectional study of women attending the booking clinic in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Akwa Ibom State, Southern Nigeria over a three-month period.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 28.5 years. The mean gestational age at booking was 18.3 weeks. The majority of the patients were married (94.1%). 68.1% had a post-secondary education. 33.5% of patients were nultiparous, while 3.5% were grand multiparous. The majority of patients (72.4%) booked late for antenatal care. Age group, marital status, mode of delivery was not significantly associated with timing of booking. High levels of patient’s education, high levels of husband’s education as well as grand multiparity were significantly associated with late booking (P<0.05). Majority (65.4%) of patients claimed that it was safe to book at any time during pregnancy.Conclusions: The majority of women booked late for antenatal care. In our study, we have found that general and health education, subsidisation of cost for antenatal care and introduction of focused antenatal care will help to reverse this trend.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with the Caregivers’ Desire to Institutionalize Persons with Dementia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 298-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Vandepitte ◽  
Koen Putman ◽  
Nele Van Den Noortgate ◽  
Sofie Verhaeghe ◽  
Eric Mormont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Respite Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Background/Aims: Dementia is one of the main reasons for institutionalization among the elderly. Few studies have explored factors associated with the caregivers’ (CG) desire to institutionalize (DTI) a person with dementia (PWD). The objective of this study is to identify modifiable and non-modifiable psychosocial and sociodemographic factors associated with a caregiver’s DTI. Methods: Cross-sectional data of 355 informal CG of community-dwelling PWD were analyzed. Several characteristics were identified in CG and PWD to be included in a multivariable regression model based on the purposeful selection method. Results: Positively modifiable associated factors were: higher CG burden, being affected by behavioral problems, and respite care use. Positively associated non-modifiable factors were: CG older age, being professionally active, and CG higher educational level. Cohabitation and change of professional situation were negatively associated. Conclusion: Although no causality can be assumed, several practical recommendations can be suggested. First of all, these results reconfirm the importance of multicomponent strategies, especially support aimed at decreasing burden and in learning coping strategies. Also, CG might benefit from information about support options, such as respite care services. Finally, special attention should be given to older and working CG. In the latter, flexible and adaptive working conditions might alleviate burden and therefore reduce the DTI of the PWD.

scholarly journals Stillbirths - Determining the associated factors and causes according to relevant condition at death: an experience from Pokhara, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Junu Shrestha ◽  
Rami Shrestha ◽  
Sonam Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Relevant Condition ◽  
Cord Prolapse

Background: Stillbirth contributes significantly to perinatal mortality. This study was conducted with aim to determine various factors associated with it and to define the causes of stillbirth according to relevant condition at birth.Materials and Methods :This is prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Manipal Teaching Hospital from July 2015 to June 2017. All cases of stillbirth occurring during antenatal or intrapartum period after 28 weeks of gestation or fetus weighing 1000 grams or more were included. Detailed demographic parameters were noted. After delivery, fetus, placenta, umbilical cord and amniotic fluid were noted in detail. Data was entered in SPSS version 16 and analysis done.Results: The stillbirth rate was 22 per 1000 births. Low educational level of women, lack of antenatal care, multiparous status, gestational age less than 34 weeks, low birth weight and male gender of fetus were found to be significantly associated with stillbirths. The cause of fetal death could be identified according to relevant condition at death in 84% of cases. Only in 16%, the cause of stillbirth was not identified. Intrauterine growth restriction was the commonest cause of stillbirth (22%), followed by congenital anomalies (15%) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (14%). Other causes were abruptio (7%), intrapartum asphyxia (7%) and rupture uterus (5%). Other minor causes were anemia, diabetes, cord prolapse and amniotic fluid abnormalities.Conclusion :Low level of education, lack of quality antenatal care, multiparity, low gestational age and birth weight and male sex of fetus were factors associated with stillbirth. The cause of stillbirth was identified in most of the cases and largely was due to intrauterine growth restriction.Journal of Nobel Medical CollegeVolume 6, Number 2, Issue 11, July-December 2017, 58-65

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of Adequate Compliance with Antenatal Care in Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (06) ◽  
pp. 442-451
Author(s):  
Cesar Tello-Torres ◽  
Akram Hernández-Vásquez ◽  
Karla F. Dongo ◽  
Rodrigo Vargas-Fernández ◽  
Guido Bendezu-Quispe
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Abstract Objective To determine the adequacy of compliance with antenatal care (ANC) by pregnant women in Peru and to identify the associated factors. Methods An analytical cross-sectional study of data from the 2019 Peruvian Demographic and Family Health Survey (Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar, ENDES, in Spanish) was conducted. The dependent variable was adequate compliance with ANC (provided by skilled health care professionals; first ANC visit during the first trimester of pregnancy; six or more ANC visits during pregnancy; ANC visits with appropriate content) by women aged 15 to 49 years in their last delivery within the five years prior to the survey. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a log-binomial regression model. Results A total of 18,386 women were analyzed, 35.0% of whom adequately complied with ANC. The lowest proportion of compliance was found with the content of ANC (42.6%). Sociodemographic factors and those related to pregnancy, such as being in the age groups of 20 to 34 years and 35 to 49 years, having secondary or higher education, belonging to a wealth quintile of the population other than the poorest, being from the Amazon region, not being of native ethnicity, having a second or third pregnancy, and having a desired pregnancy, increased the probability of presenting adequate compliance with ANC. Conclusion Only 3 out of 10 women in Peru showed adequate compliance with ANC. Compliance with the content of ANC must be improved, and strategies must be developed to increase the proportion of adequate compliance with ANC.

Birth defects in the Brazilian side of the triple border: a population-based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F K Nampo ◽  
S Souza ◽  
C R Pestana
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Major Birth Defect

Abstract Background Major birth defects are characterized by its severity and are a public health challenge since it chronically affects the population. Foz do Iguassu is located in Brazili's largest international border and presents a birth defect rate 50% greater than the country's average. Methods Identifying factors associated to birth defects is important to guide preventive actions toward modifiable risk factors and target the most susceptible population. In this cross-sectional study we measured the prevalence of major birth defects and associated maternal sociodemographic factors in Foz do Iguassu. Data were collected from a governmental registry and included all births that occurred in the city between 2012 to 2017. The variables measured were maternal education, maternal race, country of residence, maternal parity and onset of prenatal care. Data were analyzed through logistic regression models to verify the maternal sociodemographic factors associated with major birth defects. Results 26,214 births were analyzed; among the 305 birth defects registered, 140 (46%) corresponded to a major birth defect. Cleft lip and/or palate and gastroschisis were the most prevalent major birth defect (9.5/10,000 live births and 6.83/10,000 live births, respectively). Maternal education up to 7 years was the only variable associated with the major birth defects (ORadj=1.58; CI = 1.07-2.33; p = 0.02). Maternal age was associated with gastroschisis (mean: 21.5 years; p = 0.002) and Down syndrome (mean: 33.5 years; p = 0.007). Conclusions In this area, cleft lip and/or palate and gastroschisis are the most common major birth defects, and maternal education is weakly associated with major birth defects. Key messages The epidemiology of major birth defects in this area differs from Brazil’s. Future research should focus on inherent risk factors for congenital defects and exposure to teratogens.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and Behavioral Factors Associated with HIV Vulnerability according to Sexual Orientation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Maria Aparecida A. O. Serra ◽  
Antoninho B. Milhomem ◽  
Samae B. Oliveira ◽  
Francisca Aline A. S. Santos ◽  
Roberta Araújo e Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sex With Men

Objective. To analyze sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with vulnerability to HIV according to sexual orientation. Method. This is a cross-sectional study conducted using data on 3,818 people in the city of Imperatriz, Brazil, during 2015 and 2016. The survey’s questionnaires addressed sociodemographic and behavioral variables. For the data analysis, association (chi-square test) and strength of association (odds ratio) were observed. A significance level of p<0.05 and adjustment for age and gender were taken into consideration. Results. A substantial portion of the sample stated they were heterosexual (88.8%). These individuals demonstrated a lower chance of HIV infection (p<0.001), sexually transmitted infections (p<0.001), alcohol use (p<0.001) and condom use (p<0.001), compared to men who have sex with men and/or bisexuals. In this group, after adjusting for confounding variables, the factors associated with HIV infection were being male (p<0.001), unmarried (p<0.001), having completed higher education (p<0.001) and boasting multiple sexual partners (p<0.001). Conclusion. Behavioral and sociodemographic factors of vulnerability to HIV are predominant among men who have sex with men and/or are bisexual.

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