AI technology for remote clinical assessment and monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 692-706
Author(s):  
Gianluca Zoppo ◽  
Francesco Marrone ◽  
Monica Pittarello ◽  
Marco Farina ◽  
Alberto Uberti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Device ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tissue Segmentation ◽  
Visual Evaluation ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
Wound Classification

Objective: To report the clinical validation of an innovative, artificial intelligence (AI)-powered, portable and non-invasive medical device called Wound Viewer. The AI medical device uses dedicated sensors and AI algorithms to remotely collect objective and precise clinical data, including three-dimensional (3D) wound measurements, tissue composition and wound classification through the internationally recognised Wound Bed Preparation (WBP) protocol; this data can then be shared through a secure General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)- and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)-compliant data transfer system. This trial aims to test the reliability and precision of the AI medical device and its ability to aid health professionals in clinically evaluating wounds as efficiently remotely as at the bedside. Method: This non-randomised comparative clinical trial was conducted in the Clinica San Luca (Turin, Italy). Patients were divided into three groups: (i) patients with venous and arterial ulcers in the lower limbs; (ii) patients with diabetes and presenting with diabetic foot syndrome; and (iii) patients with pressure ulcers. Each wound was evaluated for area, depth, volume and WBP wound classification. Each patient was examined once and the results, analysed by the AI medical device, were compared against data obtained following visual evaluation by the physician and research team. The area and depth were compared with a Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variations in the obtained distribution (expected p-value>0.1 for both tests). The WBP classification and tissue segmentation were analysed by directly comparing the classification obtained by the AI medical device against that of the testing physician. Results: A total of 150 patients took part in the trial. The results demonstrated that the AI medical device's AI algorithm could acquire objective clinical parameters in a completely automated manner. The AI medical device reached 97% accuracy against the WBP classification and tissue segmentation analysis compared with that performed in person by the physician. Moreover, data regarding the measurements of the wounds, as analysed through the Kruskal–Wallis technique, showed that the data distribution proved comparable with the other methods of measurement previously clinically validated in the literature (p=0.9). Conclusion: These findings indicate that remote wound assessment undertaken by physicians is as effective through the AI medical device as bedside examination, and that the device was able to assess wounds and provide a precise WBP wound classification. Furthermore, there was no need for manual data entry, thereby reducing the risk of human error while preserving high-quality clinical diagnostic data.

SPECTRA: A program for processing electron images of crystals

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
M.F. Schmid ◽  
R. Dargahi ◽  
M. W. Tam
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Distortion ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Reciprocal Lattice ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Distortion Correction ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Program Modules

Electron crystallography is an emerging field for structure determination as evidenced by a number of membrane proteins that have been solved to near-atomic resolution. Advances in specimen preparation and in data acquisition with a 400kV microscope by computer controlled spot scanning mean that our ability to record electron image data will outstrip our capacity to analyze it. The computed fourier transform of these images must be processed in order to provide a direct measurement of amplitudes and phases needed for 3-D reconstruction.In anticipation of this processing bottleneck, we have written a program that incorporates a menu-and mouse-driven procedure for auto-indexing and refining the reciprocal lattice parameters in the computed transform from an image of a crystal. It is linked to subsequent steps of image processing by a system of data bases and spawned child processes; data transfer between different program modules no longer requires manual data entry. The progress of the reciprocal lattice refinement is monitored visually and quantitatively. If desired, the processing is carried through the lattice distortion correction (unbending) steps automatically.

Information System for Post-marketing Drug Surveillance Scheme on Small Computers

1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. A. Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Data Base ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring ◽  
Desktop Computers ◽  
Post Marketing ◽  
The State Of Kuwait ◽  
Disc Drive

A drug information system (DARIS) has been created for handling reports on suspected drug reactions. The system is suitable for being run on desktop computers with a minimum of hardware requirements: 187 K read/write memory, flexible or hard disc drive and a thermal printer. The data base (DRUG) uses the QUERY and IMAGE programming capabilities for data entry and search. The data base to statistics link program (DBSTAT) enables data transfer from the data base into a file for statistical analysis and signalling suspected adverse drug reactions.The operational, medical and statistical aspects of the general population voluntary adverse drug reaction monitoring programme—recently initiated in the State of Kuwait—are described.

scholarly journals Development and design of the Hantavirus registry - HantaReg - for epidemiological studies, outbreaks and clinical studies on hantavirus disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix C Koehler ◽  
Linda Blomberg ◽  
Thomas Theo Brehm ◽  
Stefan Büttner ◽  
Oliver A Cornely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Entry ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Case Report Form ◽  
Treatment Pathways ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
The World ◽  
Electronic Case Report Form ◽  
Substantial Risk

Abstract Background Frequent outbreaks around the globe and endemic appearance in different parts of the world emphasize the substantial risk of hantavirus diseases. Increasing incidence rates, trends of changing distribution of hantavirus species and new insights into clinical courses of hantavirus diseases call for multinational surveillance. Furthermore, evidence-based guidelines for the management of hantavirus diseases and scoring systems, which allow stratification of patients into risk categories, are lacking. Methods Hantavirus registry (HantaReg) is a novel registry platform facilitating multinational research of hantavirus-caused diseases, such as haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). HantaReg provides an electronic case report form and uses the General Data Protection Regulation compliant platform clinicalsurveys.net, which can be accessed from any internet browser in the world. Having a modular structure, the registry platform is designed to display or hide questions and items according to the documented case (e.g. patient with HFRS versus HCPS) to facilitate fast, but standardized, data entry. Information categories documented in HantaReg are demographics, pre-existing diseases, clinical presentation, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, as well as outcome. Conclusions HantaReg is a novel, ready-to-use platform for clinical and epidemiological studies on hantavirus diseases and facilitates the documentation of the disease course associated with hantavirus infections. HantaReg is expected to promote international collaboration and contributes to improving patient care through the analysis of diagnostic and treatment pathways for hantavirus diseases, providing evidence for robust treatment recommendations. Moreover, HantaReg enables the development of prognosis-indicating scoring systems for patients with hantavirus disease.

scholarly journals Perception on Management of Nursing Education Institutes among Bachelors Students in Selected Nursing Colleges at Kathmandu

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Bhuwan Kumari Dangol ◽  
Narbada Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Current Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Organizational Goals

Management is a process of planning, decision making, organizing, leading, motivating and controlling, and an effective utilization of the resources to reach the organizational goals efficiently and effectively. Management has a crucial role in quality of work and production in any institutions. Although a rapid increase of Nursing Education Institutions in Nepal since last decade which had been trained thousands of nursing cadres, the management aspects of these institutions are not studied adequately. Thus current study intended to explore the current status of Nursing Education Institution Management as experienced and perceived by the bachelors nursing students. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the nursing institutions in Kathmandu valley. Of the total 28 in the valley, 14 were selected purposively. From the selected institutions, all 377 eligible students currently in final year of study were selected. Among them, 208were from BSN and 169 were from B Sc program.  The data was collected through the self administered structured questioners after taking informed consent. Data entry and analysis was done in SPSS version 16 software. The findings of the study show that 70% students were satisfied in institutional management (mean59.62, SD ± 3.66). In academic management (78%), (mean139.82, SD ± 6.22), followed by human resources 67%, (mean43.54, SD ± 2.79) and were in physical resources management 75% students were satisfied (mean45.02, SD ± 3.08). Analysis of variations between group (administrators, faculties, students) found statistical significance (p value <0.05). So it is concluded the perception of students, faculties and administrator were different on managing the nursing education.

scholarly journals Effect of Isoniazid Preventive Therapy on the Incidence of Tuberculosis among Seropositive Children Attending HIV/AIDS Care in Two General Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fassikaw Kebede ◽  
Birhanu Kebede ◽  
Tsehay Kebede ◽  
Melaku Agmasu
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Isoniazid Preventive Therapy ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Human Immune Deficiency Virus

The human immune deficiency virus (HIV) is the strongest risk factor for the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) by way of reactivation of latent or new infection. The provision of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is one of the public health interventions for the prevention of TB. To date, there have been limited clinical data regarding the effectiveness of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) on TB incidence. This study aimed to assess the effect of isoniazid preventive therapy on the incidence of tuberculosis for seropositive children in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A facility-based retrospective follow-up was employed for reviewing 421 files from 1 January 2015 up to 30 December 2019. EpiData version 3.2 and Stata/14 software were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Categorical variables at bivariable Cox regression were assessed for candidates transferred at P value <0.25 for multivariable Cox regression to claiming predictors associated with TB incidence rate at 95% CI at P < 0.005 . Result. The overall incidence of TB was found to be 4.99 cases per 100 person-years at 95% CI (3.89–6.53). Missed IPT (AHR = 7.45, 95% CI: 2.96, 18.74, P < 0.001 ), missed cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) (AHR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.84–4.74, P < 0.022 ), age ≥ 11 years (AHR = 4.2, 95% CI: 1.04–7.03, P < 0.048 ), MUAC ≤ 11.5 cm (AHR = 4.36, 95% CI: 1.97–9.97, P < 0.001 ), WHO stages III and IV (AHR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.12–3.74, P < 0.022 ), and CD4 count ≤100 cells/μl (AHR = 3.96, 95% CI: 1.52–10.34, P < 0.005 ) were significantly associated with TB incidence. Conclusion. Concomitant administration of ART with IPT had demoted more than ninety-six percent of new TB incidences for this report. Undertaking in-depth TB screening and frequent follow-up among all these children is critical in order to prevent and control tuberculosis.

OP04 Cardiac Implant Registries: Systematic Review Of Global Practices

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 2-2
Author(s):  
Peter Kolominsky-Rabas ◽  
Shixuan Zhang ◽  
Sebastian Gaiser
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Joint Decision ◽  
World Picture ◽  
Regulatory Decision ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Regulatory Decisions

Introduction:The importance of Cardiac Implant Registry (CIR) for ensuring a long-term follow-up in post-marked surveillance has been recognized and approved, but there is a lack of consensus standards on how to establish a CIR. The aim of this study is to investigate the structure and key elements of CIRs in the past decade (2006–2016) and to provide recommendations on “best practice” approaches.Methods:A systematic search on CIR was employed in line with the PRISMA guidelines. The following databases were searched: the PubMed (Medline), ScienceDirect, EMBASE and the Scopus database. After identifying the existing CIR, an inductive approach was used to explore key elements emerging in the identified registries.Results:The following eighty-two registries were identified: eighteen ICD registries, seven CRT registries, five pacemaker registries, and six Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device (CIED) registries which combined ICD, pacemaker and CRT implantation data; as well as twenty-two coronary stent registries and twenty-four TAVI registries. While seventy-one national or local registries are from a single country, forty-four are from European countries, and nine are located in USA. The following criteria have been summarized from the identified registries, including: registry working group, ethic issues, transparency, research objective, inclusion criteria, compulsory participation, endpoint, sample size, data collection basement, data collection methods, data entry, data validation and statistical analysis.Conclusions:For HTA as well as regulatory decision making, medical device registries provide a “real-world” picture for patients, physicians, manufacturers, payers, decision-makers and other stakeholders. CIRs are important for regulatory decisions concerning the safety and approval issues of medical devices; for payers CIRs provide evidence on the medical device benefits and drive the decision as to whether the product should be reimbursed or not; for hospitals data from CIRs are important for sound procurement decisions, and CIRs also help patients and their physicians to reach a joint decision on which of the products is the most appropriate. However, many current CIRs are still lacking standards to inform on patient safety and ensure transparency.

scholarly journals Development of A Medical Device for Quantitative Physical Therapies

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansong Zeng ◽  
Furqan Haq ◽  
Thomas Best ◽  
Sudha Agarwal ◽  
Tim Butterfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Device ◽  
Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Physical Therapies

Physical therapies using mechanical loadings are widely used for improving and recovering the physical activities of human tissues. It is generally accepted that such therapies promote health and well-being by many mechanisms, including fastening muscle blood flow, parasympathetic activity, releasing relaxation hormones and inhibiting muscle tension, neuromuscular excitability and stress hormones. Nonetheless, most of current research in this area is based on statistics and thus qualitative, preventing the in-depth study of the effectiveness of these therapies. It is partially due to the lack of appropriate tools for quantitative loading and in situ tissue evaluation. To address this, we developed a medical device that resembles the mechanical motions and loadings that occur in massage therapies by applying combinations of compressive and shear loadings to the subject tissues. This device consists of a loading wheel, a force sensor, a pneumatic actuator, a control system and a data acquisition system. In this work, mechanical forces were applied to the lower limbs of rabbits with controllable magnitudes, frequencies and durations. The changes of mechanical properties of the subjects, including the compliance and the viscosity, were in situ measured as a function of the loading dose, and correlated to the results from biomolecular assay. This device can quickly identify the optimal sets of loading parameters which lead to high effectiveness, and thus provide guidance to practitioners to design their therapies. It is also expected to shed light on the fundamental study of biomechanical forces in regulation of the physiologic conditions of cells and tissues.

scholarly journals Data protection and ethics requirements for multisite research with health data: a comparative examination of legislative governance frameworks and the role of data protection technologies†

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Scheibner ◽  
Marcello Ienca ◽  
Sotiria Kechagia ◽  
Juan Ramon Troncoso-Pastoriza ◽  
Jean Louis Raisaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Homomorphic Encryption ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Data ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Data Accessibility ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation

Abstract Personalised medicine can improve both public and individual health by providing targeted preventative and therapeutic healthcare. However, patient health data must be shared between institutions and across jurisdictions for the benefits of personalised medicine to be realised. Whilst data protection, privacy, and research ethics laws protect patient confidentiality and safety they also may impede multisite research, particularly across jurisdictions. Accordingly, we compare the concept of data accessibility in data protection and research ethics laws across seven jurisdictions. These jurisdictions include Switzerland, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom (which have implemented the General Data Protection Regulation), the United States, Canada, and Australia. Our paper identifies the requirements for consent, the standards for anonymisation or pseudonymisation, and adequacy of protection between jurisdictions as barriers for sharing. We also identify differences between the European Union and other jurisdictions as a significant barrier for data accessibility in cross jurisdictional multisite research. Our paper concludes by considering solutions to overcome these legislative differences. These solutions include data transfer agreements and organisational collaborations designed to `front load' the process of ethics approval, so that subsequent research protocols are standardised. We also allude to technical solutions, such as distributed computing, secure multiparty computation and homomorphic encryption.

Incidence and Pattern of Clinical Dengue Cases among Travelers and NonTravelers in a District of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Syed Abdul Kader ◽  
Sonia Afrin Rob
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Area ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
Ns1 Antigen

Background: Expansion of Dengue fever caused by a mosquito borne arbovirus to new countries and, from urban to rural settings constitutes an important health problem in the world including Bangladesh. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate spread of clinical Dengue to previously non-endemic Barisal district and get an idea of how recent this spread is by comparing proportions of non-travelers and travelers to an endemic area among the admitted patients. Methodology: The incidence of dengue infection in Barisal division with and without travel history to known endemic area was investigated in the current cross sectional study from a conveniently selected sample of patients admitted to the medicine department of Sher-e-Bangla medical College Hospital form Barisal district from July 15, through August, to September 15, 2019. Clinical and laboratory data were collected by attending doctors and checked by investigators. The primary diagnostic tool was NS1 antigen detected by SD Bioline Dengue NS1 Ag Test Kit. Data entry and analysis was done by SPSS version 24.0 software. Result: A total number of sample size was 212 admitted patents of whom 138(65.1%) were male, 74 (34.9 %) were female,116 (54.7%) of patients traveled to a known endemic zone, 96 (45.3%) did not; 206 (97.2%) were NS1 positive, 4 (1.9%) were IgM positive, 2 (0.9%) were IgM positive and IgG positive; Of travelling 116 patients, 92(79.3%) were male, 24(20.7%) were female, of travelling 96 patients 46(47.9%) were male, 50(52.1%) were female. p-value was <0.001. Conclusion: The study concluded that Dengue is becoming endemic in previously non-endemic zones like greater Barisal, though travelers still holds the major share of disease burden. Male preponderance in traveling to endemic zone was statistically significant. Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(1):3-7

Psychosocial Factors, Workload, and Human Error in a Simulated Pharmacy Dispensing Task

2001 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony F. Grasha ◽  
Kraig Schell
Keyword(s):  
Social Stress ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Cognitive Systems ◽  
Significant Other ◽  
Product Selection ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Nasa Task Load Index ◽  
Relationship Of

Participants filled 42 orders on a task designed to simulate components of filling prescriptions. Task factors included objective workload of 70- versus 80-min. to complete the task and perceptions of workload dimensions using the NASA Task Load Index. The proportion and pattern of data-entry, counting, and product-selection errors were compatible with those found in pharmacy field-sites. Significant other relationship stress, field-dependence, and an 80-min. workpace predicted data-entry errors. Mistakes in product selection were associated with low GPA, high social stress, the NASA Task Load Index dimension of less concern with performing well, and a 70-min. workpace. Relationship of data to corresponding information in the pharmacy literarure and to assumptions of a cognitive-systems performance model was discussed.

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