scholarly journals Diversity and Molecular Characterization of Endophytic fungi associated with Leaves of Acacianilotica

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
Jawed Shaikh ◽  
Ashfaque Mehboob Khan ◽  
Mirza Mushtaq Vaseem Baig
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Colonization Frequency ◽  
Biodiversity Analysis

Fungal endophytesare colonized in different part of the plants and play important role in survival of plants in stressful habitat. In search of potential endophytic fungito produce bioactive metabolites inthis study we investigate thediversity of endophytic fungi associated with leaves of the Acacia nilotica plant. Twenty-six endophytic fungi were subjected to morphologicaland molecular identification with internal transcribes spacer (ITS) region sequenced. All 26 endophytic fungi were divided into nine genera Chaetomium, Amesia, Ovatospora, Penicillium, Phialemonium, Colletotrichum, Crinipellis, Acrophialophora, Cribbea. Most of them belonged to the phylum Ascomycota only one belonging to the phylum Basidiomycota. This study shows that Acacia leaves inhabitant by diverse group of endophytic fungi. The biodiversity analysis showed Chaetomium sp. Being dominant with the highest colonization frequency (26.9%). One of the Chaetomium sp. showed sequence similarity of93% with the species reported earlier, Further investigationsarein needed to harness the bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Characterization of Endophytic Fungi from Western Ghat Orchid : Cleisostoma tenuifolium

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Darsha S ◽  
Jayashankar M
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Western Ghat ◽  
Similarity Matrix ◽  
Aspergillus Aculeatus ◽  
The World

Western Ghats is one of the hottest hot spot in the world. Cleisostoma tenuifolium is an epiphytic orchid from the heart of this region. We have isolated and identified four endophytic fungi from this plant. Characterization of these fungi were done by analyzing the sequences. Genome were quantified and sequenced. Sequence similarity matrix were prepared by comparing the ITS region sequence of obtained fungi with its closely related fungal species from NCBI database. Phylogenetic tree were also constructed for further comparing the homological features of these fungi. From the study, the obtained fungi were Aspergillus flavus MT464452, Cladosporium xanthochromaticum MT464453, Colletotrichum cymbidicola MT464454, Aspergillus aculeatus MT464455. The wide variety of endophytic fungi isolated from the plant C. tenuifolium that belongs to Orchidaceae family further highlights the importance of orchids as reservoirs of fungal biodiversity and its conservation.

Characterization of Antibacterial-Producing Endophytic Fungi of Syzygiumpolyanthum Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-454
Author(s):  
Rahmita Burhamzah ◽  
Gemini Alam ◽  
Herlina Rante
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Nitrogen Base ◽  
Rdna Genes ◽  
Antibacterial Screening ◽  
Planting Method

Background: Endophytic fungi live in plants’ tissue and can produce the same bioactive compounds as its host plant produces. Syzygiumpolyanthum leaves have known to be one of the antibacterial compound producers. Aim and Objective: This study aimed to characterize morphologically, microscopically, and molecularly the antibacterial-producing endophytic fungi of Syzygiumpolyanthum leaves. Methods: The isolation of endophytic fungi was done by fragment planting method on PDA medium. The antibacterial screening was performed using the antagonistic test as the first screening followed by the disc diffusion test method. The morphological characterization was based on isolate’s mycelia color, growth pattern, margin, and surface texture of the colony, while the microscopic characterization was based on its hyphae characteristics. The molecular characterization of the isolate was done by nitrogen base sequence analysis method on nucleotide constituent of ITS rDNA genes of the isolate. Results: The results found that isolate DF1 has antibacterial activity against E.coli, S.aureus, P.acne, and P.aeruginosa, with the greatest inhibition at 10% concentration of broth fermentation extract on S.aureus with a diameter of inhibition of 13.77 mm. Conclusion: Based on macroscopic, microscopic, and molecular characterization, DF1 isolate is similar to Ceriporialacerate.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of Penicillium chrysogenum virus: reconsideration of the taxonomy of the genus Chrysovirus

2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (7) ◽  
pp. 2111-2121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daohong Jiang ◽  
Said A. Ghabrial
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Penicillium Chrysogenum ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Minor Component ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Dsrna Segment ◽  
Cdna Clones

Molecular cloning and complete nucleotide sequencing of Penicillium chrysogenum virus (PcV) dsRNAs indicated that PcV virions contained four dsRNA segments with sizes of 3562, 3200, 2976 and 2902 bp. Each dsRNA segment had unique sequences and contained a single large open reading frame (ORF). In vitro translation of transcripts derived from full-length cDNA clones of PcV dsRNAs yielded single products of sizes similar to those predicted from the deduced amino acid sequences of the individual ORFs. Sequence similarity searches revealed that dsRNA1 encodes a putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. In this study, it was determined that dsRNA2 encodes the major capsid protein and that p4, encoded by dsRNA4, is virion-associated as a minor component. All four dsRNAs of PcV, like the genomic segments of viruses with multipartite genomes, were found to have extended regions of highly conserved terminal sequences at both ends. In addition to the strictly conserved 5′-terminal 10 nt, a second region consisting of reiteration of the sequence CAA was found immediately upstream of the AUG initiator codon. These (CAA) n repeats are reminiscent of the translational enhancer elements of tobamoviruses. The 3′-terminal 14 nt were also strictly conserved. As PcV and related viruses with four dsRNA segments (genus Chrysovirus) have not been previously characterized at the molecular level, they were provisionally classified in the family Partitiviridae, comprising viruses with bipartite genomes. This study represents the first report on molecular characterization of a chrysovirus and the results suggest the creation of a new family of mycoviruses with multipartite dsRNA genomes to accommodate PcV and related viruses.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular characterization of Posthodiplostomum sp. (Digenea: Diplostomidae) metacercaria in the muscles of snakeheads (Channa punctata) from Manipur, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Athokpam ◽  
V. Tandon
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Channa Punctata ◽  
Rna Genes ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

Abstract The spotted snakehead, Channa punctata Bloch, 1793, is a locally important fish species commonly consumed by the natives in the state of Manipur, Northeast India. The fish host C. punctata from Lamphel area revealed a diplostomid metacercarial infection. Morphologically, the recovered metacercaria was identified as a species of Posthodiplostomum Dubois, 1936. Molecular characterization using the ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA 18S, ITS2 and 28S regions) and the mitochondrial CO1 region supplements the identification. Molecular analysis revealed the metacercaria to be closely related to Posthodiplostomum sp. Japan isolate, with sequence similarity variation from 97.5–99.7 % while considering for the three rDNA markers. The secondary structure of the ITS2 region further corroborated these results; the typical four-helix model, when compared to the taxon from Japan, showed differences only in twelve bases (with seven transitions and five transversions). In phylogenetic analysis also, the metacercaria claded with the genus Posthodiplostomum, coming closer to the Japanese isolate, thus supplementing the morphological identification of the metacercaria.

A review of bacterial-degradation of pesticides

Soil Research ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 925 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Aislabie ◽  
G Lloyd-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Degradative Enzymes

Pesticide fate in the environment is affected by microbial activity. Some pesticides are readily degraded by microorganisms, others have proven to be recalcitrant. A diverse group of bacteria, including members of the genera Alcaligenes, Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas and Rhodococcus, metabolize pesticides. Microbial degradation depends not only on the presence of microbes with the appropriate degradative enzymes, but also on a wide range of environmental parameters. This review describes recent advances in biodegradation of pesticides by addressing the biology and molecular characterization of some pesticide degrading bacteria.

scholarly journals Biological and Molecular Characterization of a U.S. Isolate of Hosta virus X

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
pp. 1176-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carola M. De La Torre ◽  
Feng Qu ◽  
Margaret G. Redinbaugh ◽  
Dennis J. Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Direct Repeat ◽  
Complete Sequence ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Full Length Sequence ◽  
High Level ◽  
Systemic Infections

Hosta virus X (HVX) is rapidly becoming a serious pathogen of commercially important hosta plants worldwide. We report here biological and molecular characterization of a U.S. isolate of HVX, HVX-37. HVX-37 infectivity was tested in 21 hosta cultivars over three growth seasons, and three types of responses were defined based upon the ability of the virus to cause local and/or systemic infections. Four cultivars resistant to systemic HVX infection were identified. The full-length sequence of the HVX-37 genome was determined, the first complete sequence of a U.S. HVX isolate. Comparison with the previously sequenced HVX-Korea (Kr) genome revealed a high level of sequence similarity, as well as some differences. Notably, a 105-nucleotide long, near-perfect direct repeat in the Kr isolate is absent in HVX-37. The accuracy of the HVX-37 genome sequence was confirmed by infectivity of in vitro transcripts synthesized from a full-length HVX-37 cDNA on Nicotiana benthamiana and hosta plants.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of a Shiga ToxigenicEscherichia coli O113:H21 Strain Lacking eaeResponsible for a Cluster of Cases of Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 3357-3361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrienne W. Paton ◽  
Matthew C. Woodrow ◽  
Robyn M. Doyle ◽  
Janice A. Lanser ◽  
James C. Paton
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are a diverse group of organisms capable of causing severe gastrointestinal disease in humans. Within the STEC family, certain strains appear to have greater virulence for humans. STEC strains carryingeae and belonging to serogroup O157 or O111 have been responsible for the vast majority of outbreaks of STEC disease reported to date. Here we describe a STEC O113:H21 strain lackingeae that was responsible for a cluster of three cases of hemolytic-uremic syndrome. This strain produces a single Stx2-related toxin and adheres efficiently to Henle 407 cells.

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