scholarly journals Cost Comparisons of Some Leading Brands of the Antidiabetic Drug, Nateglinide , Available in an Indian City.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 815-821
Author(s):  
Vikram Anant Rajadnya ◽  
Diya Amol More
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Provider ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Antidiabetic Drugs ◽  
Antidiabetic Drug ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Annual Budget ◽  
Indian City ◽  
Price Differences

Background: Antidiabetic drugs have to be taken for life , in majority of the patients. Price differences can lead to huge economic burden on the patients of diabetes, especially when cost considerations are not undertaken by the healthcare provider . This study was aimed to compare the annual cost a patient has to bear , of five different most commonly prescribed brands of nateglinide 60mg and four different brands of Nateglinide 120mg, in Kolhapur city. Methods: Authors purchased a strip of 10 tablets each of four leading brands of Nateglinide 120 miligrams in one city, Kolhapur,India and compared the annual cost of these four brands amonst each other . Then a strip of 10 tablets each of five leading brands of Nateglinide 60 milligrams were bought and the annual cost of these brands were compared between these five brands. These costs were compared directly as well as using percentages. The data was collected, analysed and presented. Results: The data of prices of preparations of five different bnds of a single antidiabetic drug, Nateglinide 60mg and four different brands of Nateglinide 120mg shows that the annual cost of the costliest brand among all the brands of Nateglinide 60mg is almost two times that of the cheapest brand, or it is almost 200 percent that of the cheapest brand and for Nateglinide 120mg the annual cost of costliest brand is also two times that of the cheapest brand or it is almost 200 percent that of the cheapest brand. Conclusions: There was considerable difference in the annual cost among the different brands of the drug. India being a country with majority of the population being highly price sensitive, the prescribing physician must be very careful in selecting the brands of drugs . The costliest preparation of Nateglinide can add to a significant amount on the patient’s annual budget. Thus, in a country like India, Pharmacoeconomics must have an important place while prescribing medicines.

scholarly journals Cost comparisons of five leading brands of the antihypertensive drug, Telmisartan, available in an Indian city

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1377
Author(s):  
Vikram A. Rajadnya ◽  
Sheena R. Bedi
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Drug ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Price Variation ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Cost Variation ◽  
Annual Budget ◽  
Indian City ◽  
The Cost

Background: Antihypertensive drugs have to be taken lifelong, after initiation of the treatment. Price variation can lead to huge economic burden on the patients of hypertension, especially when cost considerations are not undertaken by the prescribing physician . This study was undertaken to compare the annual cost , to the patient , of five different most commonly prescribed brands of Telmisartan 40 mg, in Kolhapur city.Methods: Authors purchased a strip of 10 tablets each of the five leading brands in one city, Kolhapur, India, of Telmisartan 40 milligram. The prices of the strip of 10 tablets of each of the five selected brands were compared.  In turn the annual cost of each of these five, was compared directly as well as using percentages. The data was collected, analysed and presented.Results: The data of the cost of the preparations of five different brands of a single antihypertensive drug, Temisartan 40 milligram shows that the annual cost of the costliest among the three brands of this drug is almost three times , that of the cheapest brand, or in other words almost 300 percent that of the cheapest brand.Conclusions: the cost variation amongst the five brands was considerable. India being a country with a major chunk of the population being very price sensitive, the prescribing physician must select the brand carefully. The most costly preparation of Temisartan can significantly add to the burden on the patient’s annual budget. Thus, Pharmacoeconomics must take an important place while prescribing medicines, especially in a country like India.

scholarly journals Economic Burden of Colorectal Cancer: A Case of Fars, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107327482110099
Author(s):  
Abdosaleh Jafari ◽  
Peyman Mehdi Alamdarloo ◽  
Mehdi Dehghani ◽  
Peivand Bastani ◽  
Ramin Ravangard
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The Mean

Among cancers, colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the world and the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Some studies have shown that the incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing in Iran and in Fars province. The present study aimed to determine the economic burden of colorectal cancer in patients referred to the referral centers affiliated to Iran, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2019 from the patients’ perspective. This is a partial economic evaluation and a cost-of-illness study conducted cross-sectionally in 2019. All the patients with colorectal cancer who had been referred to the referral centers affiliated to Iran, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, and had medical records were studied through the census method (N = 96). A researcher-made data collection form was used to collect the cost data. The prevalence-based and bottom-up approaches were also used in this study. The human capital approach was applied to calculate indirect costs. The mean annual cost per patient with colorectal cancer in the present study was $10930.98 purchasing power parity (PPP) (equivalent to 5745.29 USD), the main part of which was the medical direct costs (74.86%). Also, among the medical direct costs per patient, the highest were those of surgeries (41.7%). In addition, the mean annual cost per patient with colorectal cancer in the country was $ 116917762 PPP (equivalent to 61451621.84 USD) in 2019. Regarding the considerable economic burden of colorectal cancer and in order to reduce the costs, these suggestions can be made: increasing the number of specialized beds through the cooperation of health donors, establishing free or low-cost accommodation centers for patients and their companions near the medical centers, using the Internet and cyberspace technologies to follow up the treatment of patients, and increasing insurance coverage and government drug subsidies on drug purchase.

scholarly journals Gender differences in adverse event reports associated with antidiabetic drugs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-In Joung ◽  
Gyu-Won Jung ◽  
Han-Heui Park ◽  
Hyesung Lee ◽  
So-Hee Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Drug Class ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting System ◽  
Reporting Rate ◽  
Antidiabetic Drugs ◽  
Antidiabetic Drug ◽  
Drug Classes ◽  
Gender Specific

Abstract Little is known about gender-specific reporting of adverse events (AEs) associated with antidiabetic drugs. This study was to assess the gender-related difference in AEs reporting associated with antidiabetic agents. The number of antidiabetic drug-AE pairs associated was identified using the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System database. Prevalence of diabetes was estimated using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patients Sample database. Reporting rate per 10,000 people was calculated by dividing drug-AE pairs with the number of antidiabetic drug users by gender. Gender difference was presented with risk ratio (reporting rate ratio) of women to men. Antidiabetic agent-associated AEs were more frequently reported by women than men throughout body organs and drug classes. 13 out of 17 system organ class level disorders with significant gender differences were reported more often by women than men. By drug class, gender-specific reporting rates were observed in most of the drug classes, especially in newer classes such as glucagon-like peptide-1 analog (GLP1-RA), sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), and thiazolidinedione (TZD). Looking into preferred term level for each drug class, women dominated the reports of class-specific AEs of newer antidiabetic drugs such as urinary tract/genital infection (all reported by women) in SGLT2i, edema in TZD (risk ratio (RR) 12.56), and hyperglycemia in insulin users (RR 15.35). Gender differences in antidiabetic-associated AE reporting often attributed to women. Explanations for these different report levels by gender should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Large Impact of Antidiabetic Drug Treatment and Hospitalizations on Economic Burden of Diabetes Mellitus in The Netherlands during 2000 to 2004

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 909-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiel W. van der Linden ◽  
Arian W. Plat ◽  
Joelle A. Erkens ◽  
Martha Emneus ◽  
Ron M.C. Herings
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Large Impact ◽  
Antidiabetic Drug

scholarly journals Prevalence-Based Measurement of the Economic Burden of Rare Diseases: Case Review To Determine the Annual Cost of Acromegaly In France

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. A527 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tasdemir ◽  
M. Magestro ◽  
B.P. Griner ◽  
G. Cummins ◽  
Engen A. Van ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Case Review

scholarly journals Economic burden of Huntington’s disease in Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Silva-Paredes ◽  
Rosa M. Urbanos-Garrido ◽  
Miguel Inca-Martinez ◽  
Danielle Rabinowitz ◽  
Mario R. Cornejo-Olivas
Keyword(s):  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Direct And Indirect Costs

Abstract Background Huntington’s disease (HD) is a devastating and fatal neurodegenerative disorder that leads to progressive disability, and over time to total dependence. The economic impact of HD on patients living in developing countries like Peru is still unknown. This study aims to estimate the economic burden by estimating direct and indirect costs of Huntington’s disease in Peru, as well as the proportion of direct costs borne by patients and their families. Methods Disease-cost cross-sectional study where 97 participants and their primary caregivers were interviewed using a common questionnaire. Prevalence and human capital approaches were used to estimate direct and indirect costs, respectively. Results The average annual cost of HD reached USD 8120 per patient in 2015. Direct non-healthcare costs represented 78.3% of total cost, indirect costs 14.4% and direct healthcare costs the remaining 7.3%. The mean cost of HD increased with the degree of patient dependency: from USD 6572 for Barthel 4 & 5 (slight dependency and total independency, respectively) to USD 23,251 for Barthel 1 (total dependency). Direct costs were primarily financed by patients and their families. Conclusions The estimated annual cost of HD for Peruvian society reached USD 1.2 million in 2015. The cost impact of HD on patients and their families is very high, becoming catastrophic for most dependent patients, and thus making it essential to prioritize full coverage by the State.

scholarly journals Effect of Total Amount of Metformin HCl on the Characteristics of Metformin-Ca Alginate Microspheres

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Melani Hariyadi ◽  
Noorma Rosita ◽  
Tiara Jeni Rosadi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Antidiabetic Drugs ◽  
Metformin Hydrochloride ◽  
Antidiabetic Drug ◽  
Ca Alginate ◽  
Metformin Hcl

Introduction: Metformin hydrochloride (metformin HCl) is an antidiabetic drug that is specifically used for type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and belongs to the biguanide antidiabetic drugs. Objective: The aim of this research was to determine the effect of total amount of metformin HCl on the characteristics of metformin HCl-Ca alginate microspheres using aerosolization technique. Methods: The total amount of metformin were 0.5 g (F1); 1 g (F2); 1.5 g (F3) and 2 g (F4). Drug was encapsulated into alginate and was crosslinked using CaCl2. Results: The results showed that drug loadings were 5.09%; 9.61%; 13.11%; and 15.09% respectively, while the entrapment efficiencies were 48.35%; 41.99%; 38.67%; and 30.53%. The yields were 80.92%; 74.12%; 68.27%; and 59.11% respectively. Based on the statistical analysis, it was found that there were significant differences between formulas. Particles of formulas decreased as the amount of drug increased. The resulting sizes were 1.82 μm (F1); 1.96 μm (F2); 2.1 μm (F3); and  2.97 μm (F4). Conclusion: It can be concluded that amount of drug significantly affected the characteristics of metformin-alginate microspheres.

scholarly journals Type2 diabetes:changing patterns of use of antidiabetic drugs 8 years after starting treatment(snds)

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A S Aguadé ◽  
C Gastaldi-Ménager ◽  
D Karsenty ◽  
P Fontaine ◽  
A Fagot-Campagna
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
General Scheme ◽  
Dual Therapy ◽  
Antidiabetic Drugs ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Antidiabetic Drug ◽  
Health Insurance Data ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Percentage Points

Abstract Objective To describe the changing patterns in the use of the various classes of antidiabetic drugs in a cohort of patients newly treated for diabetes from 2008 to 2015 on the basis of comprehensive health insurance data. Methods General scheme beneficiaries 45 years and older were identified in the French National Health Data System (SNDS) as newly treated when antidiabetic drugs were dispensed on at least 3 different dates in 2008 and at least once during the last 4 months of 2008, but were dispensed less than 3 times in 2006-2007. Treatment regimens for the last 4 months of each year were defined for this cohort. Results 158,000 people (53% men, mean age 62 years) initiated antidiabetic drug therapy in 2008: monotherapy (without insulin): 74%, dual therapy: 17%, treatment with 3 or more drugs: 3%, and insulin therapy: 7%. The proportion of patients taking monotherapy decreased by 13 percentage points during the second year and only 32% of the cohort was treated by monotherapy 8 years after starting treatment. The proportions of patients taking dual therapy increased by 4 percentage points (21% in 2015), triple therapy increased by 8 percentage points (11%), a combination of insulin+other antidiabetics increased by 4 percentage points (7%) and insulin alone remained stable (4%). At the last quarter of 2015, 12% of patients did not receive any antidiabetic drugs and 13% had died. The creation of a cohort of diabetic patients newly treated in 2013 demonstrated changing prescribing practices: a lower proportion of monotherapy in the first year of treatment, but a growing use of metformin. Conclusions Treatment was intensified during the first 8 years for one half of the cohort. The maximal dosage of Metformin is not used before introducing a second antidiabetic in 1 case in 2. Insufficient use of Metformin, in general and in terms of dosage, was observed, although this use is improving. Key messages Initiation of antidiabetic drug therapy in people 45 years and older consisted of monotherapy in 3/4 of cases in 2008. Insufficient use of Metformin, in general and in terms of dosage, was observed, although this use is improving.

scholarly journals Typhoid and Paratyphoid Cost of Illness in Nepal: Patient and Health Facility Costs From the Surveillance for Enteric Fever in Asia Project II

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. S306-S318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelly Mejia ◽  
Taiwo Abimbola ◽  
Jason R Andrews ◽  
Krista Vaidya ◽  
Dipesh Tamrakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Provider ◽  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background Enteric fever is endemic in Nepal and its economic burden is unknown. The objective of this study was to estimate the cost of illness due to enteric fever (typhoid and paratyphoid) at selected sites in Nepal. Methods We implemented a study at 2 hospitals in Nepal to estimate the cost per case of enteric fever from the perspectives of patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers. We collected direct medical, nonmedical, and indirect costs per blood culture–confirmed case incurred by patients and their caregivers from illness onset until after enrollment and 6 weeks later. We estimated healthcare provider direct medical economic costs based on quantities and prices of resources used to diagnose and treat enteric fever, and procedure frequencies received at these facilities by enrolled patients. We collected costs in Nepalese rupees and converted them into 2018 US dollars. Results We collected patient and caregiver cost of illness information for 395 patients, with a median cost of illness per case of $59.99 (IQR, $24.04–$151.23). Median direct medical and nonmedical costs per case represented ~3.5% of annual individual labor income. From the healthcare provider perspective, the average direct medical economic cost per case was $79.80 (range, $71.54 [hospital B], $93.43 [hospital A]). Conclusions Enteric fever can impose a considerable economic burden on patients, caregivers, and health facilities in Nepal. These new estimates of enteric fever cost of illness can improve evaluation and modeling of the costs and benefits of enteric fever–prevention measures.

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