scholarly journals FT-IR Spectroscopic and XRD Studies on Tetra-thiourea Strontium Chloride Single Crystals

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-167
Author(s):  
H. O. Jethva ◽  
R. R. Hajiyani2
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Strontium Chloride ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
Number Range ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
Powder Xrd Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir

There are various nonlinear optical materials having crystalline nature and find various applications in science and technology. Tetra-thiourea strontium chloride was synthesized and single crystals were grown by the slow solvent evaporation technique using aqueous solvent. The grown crystals were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Xray diffraction analysis (XRD). The FT-IR spectra of these crystals were recorded in the wave number range 400-4000cm-1 which reveals the presence of various functional groups. The powder XRD analysis suggested orthorhombic crystal structure.

FT-IR Spectroscopic and XRD Studies on Tris-Thiourea Strontium Chloride Single Crystals

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
H. O. Jethva ◽  
R. R. Hajiyani
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Strontium Chloride ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
Number Range ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
Powder Xrd Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir

There are various nonlinear optical materials having crystalline nature and find various applications in science and technology. Tris-thiourea strontium chloride was synthesized and single crystals were grown by the slow solvent evaporation technique using aqueous solvent. The grown crystals were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The FT-IR spectra of these crystals were recorded in the wave number range 400-4000 cm-1 which reveals the presence of various functional groups. The powder XRD analysis suggested orthorhombic crystal structure.

GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIS-THIOUREA STRONTIUM CHLORIDE SINGLE CRYSTALS

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (08) ◽  
pp. 735-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. HAJIYANI ◽  
D. J. DAVE ◽  
C. K. CHAUHAN ◽  
P. M. VYAS ◽  
M. J. JOSHI
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Dielectric Loss ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Applied Field ◽  
Dielectric Study ◽  
Solubility Curve ◽  
Strontium Chloride ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
Aqueous Solvent

Bis-thiourea strontium chloride was synthesized and single crystals were grown by the slow solvent evaporation technique using aqueous solvent. The solubility curve was obtained and the determination of the induction period as well as the evaluation of kinetic parameters of nucleation was carried out. The powder XRD analysis suggested orthorhombic crystal structure. The FT-IR spectrum confirmed the presence of various functional groups. The thermo-gravimetry analysis was carried out and the crystals were found to be stable up to 170°C. Applying Coats and Redferm relation to the thermo-gram, the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of dehydration were calculated. The dielectric study was carried out in the frequency range of applied field from 500 Hz to 1 MHz. The variations of dielectric constant, dielectric loss, AC resistivity and AC conductivity were studied with frequency. It was found that the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss decreased as the frequency of applied field increased, whereas the AC resistivity increased as the frequency increased.

Structural, Dielectric and Electrical Studies of Ba4CaRTi3Nb7O30 (R = Eu, Dy) Ferroelectric System

2013 ◽  
Vol 547 ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasun Ganguly ◽  
A.M. Biradar ◽  
A.K. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Tungsten Bronze ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Paraelectric Phase Transition ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure

The polycrystalline samples of Ba4CaRTi3Nb7O30 (R = Eu, Dy), members of tungsten-bronze family, were prepared by high-temperature solid state reaction method and studied for their dielectric and electrical properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals the formation of single-phase compounds having orthorhombic crystal structure at room temperature. Microstructural analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows that the compounds have well defined grains, which are distributed uniformly throughout the sample. Detailed dielectric properties of the compounds as a function of frequency and temperature show that the compounds undergo non-relaxor kind of ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition of diffuse nature. Ferroelectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric studies of the compounds have been discussed in this paper. The temperature dependence of dc conductivity of the compounds have been investigated. The conductivity study over a wide temperature range suggests that the compounds have negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behaviour.

Hydrothermal synthesis of ABi2Ta2O9Aurivillius phase: A comparative study of A-site cation size on structure, dielectric, optical properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Bella ◽  
Tio Putra Wendari ◽  
Novesar Jamarun ◽  
Nandang Mufti ◽  
Zulhadjri
Keyword(s):  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Aurivillius Phase ◽  
Hydrothermal Route ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Ionic Radii ◽  
Aurivillius Phases ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
A Site ◽  
Cation Size ◽  
Ferroelectric Transition Temperature

In this study, the double-layered Aurivillius phases CaBi2Ta2O9 (CBT) and PbBi2Ta2O9 (PBT) were prepared through a hydrothermal route with NaOH as a mineralizer. XRD analysis confirmed that the CBT and PBT compounds were successfully formed and adopted an orthorhombic crystal structure with an [Formula: see text]21am symmetry. Le Bail refinements of XRD data indicated that the unit cell volume of CBT was smaller than PBT and is associated with the smaller ionic radius of Ca[Formula: see text] compared to Pb[Formula: see text]. The surface morphology of both samples, as determined using SEM, demonstrated plate-like grains with anisotropic grain growth. It was found that the different ionic radii of [Formula: see text]-site cations (Ca[Formula: see text] and Pb[Formula: see text] strongly affected the structural, optical and electrical properties of the Aurivillius phase. The occupation of smaller Ca[Formula: see text] cations induced a higher structural distortion, which resulted in higher bandgap ([Formula: see text] energy and ferroelectric transition temperature ([Formula: see text] of CBT, compared to those of PBT.

scholarly journals Characterization of Cacao Fruit Skin for Active Carbon and Green Chemicals

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Wijaya.M ◽  
Muhammad Wiharto
Keyword(s):  
Development Program ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Crystallinity Degree ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Ft Ir

<p>PThe potential of cacao fruit skin that has not been widely used by the community are encouraged to develop the cacao fruit skinas bio charcoal. One way to reduce the build up of biomass waste is by pyrolysis derived from combustion products that produce liquid smoke, charcoal and some gases (CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>, and CO<sub>2</sub>). The purpose of this research is to utilize cacao peel to get the liquid smoke of cacao skin and cacao charcoal. The result of this research showed that the skin of cacao fruit produce hemicellulose content of 21.06%, cellulose of 20.15% and lignin of 51.98%. The analysis result of carbon content of cacao skin activated charcoal from Luwu regency is 55.11%. FT-IR analysis of the cacao skin powder from Luwu regency showed that there were depolymerization for cellulose and hemicellulose contentsat the wave number of 1107.14 cm<sup>-1</sup> andfound C-H of lignin at the wave number of 1730.15 cm<sup>-1</sup>. The hydroxyl group (OH) appeared on the wave number of 3441.01 cm<sup>-1</sup> and group of C = CH (Aromatic H) on the wave number of781.17 – 659.66 cm<sup>-1</sup>. Crystallinity degree of cacao fruits skin from Luwu which was obtained from XRD analysis is 12.66%. The wasteutilization of this cacao fruit skin with pyrolysis technology is able to reduce carbon emissions and can be as a supporter of sustainable development program.</p>

scholarly journals The crystallization and optical properties of LiNbO3 single crystals

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Golubovic ◽  
Rados Gajic ◽  
Slobodanka Nikolic ◽  
Stevan Djuric ◽  
Andreja Valcic
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Phonon Modes ◽  
Number Range ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Crystal Diameter

LiNbO3 single crystals were grown by the Czochralski technique in an air atmosphere. The critical crystal diameter Dc = 1.5 cm and the critical rate of rotation wc = 35 rpm were calculated from the dynamic of fluids equations for buoyancy-driven and forced convections under which the shape of the melt/crystal interface changed. The domain inversion was carried out at 1473 K using a 10 min 3.75 V/cm electric field. The obtained crystals were cut, polished and etched to determine the presence of dislocations and single domain structures. The lattice parameters a = 0.51494 nm, c = 1.38620 nm and V = 0.3186 nm 3 were determined by X-ray powder diffraction. The optical properties were studied by infrared spectroscopy in the wave number range 20. 5000 cm -1. With decreasing temperature, an atypical behaviour of the phonon modes, due to the ferroelectric properties of LiNbO3 single crystal, could be seen. The optical constants were calculated by Kramers-Kronig analysis and the value of the critical temperature was estimated. The obtained results are discussed and compared with published data.

scholarly journals Preparation, Characterization and Optical Property of LaFeO3 Nanoparticles via Sol-Gel Combustion Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mya Theingi ◽  
Kay Thi Tun ◽  
Nwe Nwe Aung
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Lafeo3 Nanoparticles ◽  
Ft Ir

Perovskite LaFeO3 is one of the most useful materials for the application in a catalyst, gas sensors, and fuel cells, etc. LaFeO3 nanoparticles were synthesized by the citrate sol-gel method. According to the TG-DTA analysis on LaFeO3 xerogel powder, the proper crystallization temperature was found to be at 450 °C. The TEM images also show clear crystal formation was started at 450 °C. The LaFeO3 nanocrystalline particles were obtained by sintering the calcined powders at different temperatures (800 °C, 900 °C, and 1000 °C) for 4 hours. The resulting particles were characterized by XRD, EDXRF, FT IR, and SEM analysis. At 900 °C, the XRD pattern of LaFeO3 shows an orthorhombic crystal structure. The average crystallite sizes vary between 30-60 nm and the increase in crystallite size with increasing sintering temperatures and it may be due to the increase in grain growth. FT IR analysis shows strong La-O and Fe-O vibrations. Based on the XRD and FT IR data, the optimum sintering temperature was chosen at 900 °C. The SEM micrographs show that the morphology of LaFeO3 has small-sized grains with round shape. The optical properties were determined by UV-visible spectroscopy in the wavelength range of 300 nm-700 nm. The optical band gap energy values of LaFeO3 using Tauc’s plot were found to be about 2.45 eV. These results indicate that the LaFeO3 prepared by the sol-gel method has a relatively lower band gap value and so it can have the potential for photocatalytic applications.

scholarly journals Reusable Nanocatalyst: Zirconia and Sulfated Zirconia

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 295-302
Author(s):  
Mitesh B. Gondaliya ◽  
Tushar Maheta ◽  
Mayank J. Mamtora ◽  
Manish K. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Sulfated Zirconia ◽  
Catalytic Amount ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Powder Xrd ◽  
Microwave Method ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Powder Xrd Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir

1,5-benzodiazepines have been synthesized by Nano Zirconia and Nano Sulfated Zirconia in solvent free conditions. Synthesis was carried out by conventional as well as microwave method. Benzodiazepines were synthesized by reacting o-phenylenediamine and few ketones in the presence of catalytic amount of Nanoparticles. Particles used were sized in between 53-100 nm. Nanoparticles were characterized by FT-IR, DLS and powder XRD analysis.

Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite Powder from Natural Bovine Bone

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Wasim ◽  
Rameez Saeed Malik ◽  
Muhammad Usman Tufail ◽  
Ahsan Ullah Jutt ◽  
Rafiq Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Xrd Analysis ◽  
Key Words Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Additional Phase

Hydroxyapatite was synthesized from bovine cortical bone by thermal decomposition method. The chemically cleaned bone was heated to 160 °C for 48 hour to remove moisture and any organic contents followed by decomposition in muffle furnace at 850 °C for 6 hours. The so-obtained white powder was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), SEM and EDX method. The FT-IR results proved the existence of hydroxyl (OH-) and phosphate (PO4-3) groups in the powder. XRD analysis was in support to the FT-IR spectrum, however, an additional phase of tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) was also observed as an impurity, SEM shows the surface morphology & EDX gives the Calcium (Ca) to Phosphorous (P) ratio. Key Words: Hydroxyapatite; Thermal Decomposition, Calcination

scholarly journals Structural, spectral, electrical, Z-scan and HOMO LUMO studies on new 2-amino-6-methylpyridinium 2-hydroxybenzoate crystal

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Punithaveni ◽  
K. Thilagavathy ◽  
N. Muthukumarasamy ◽  
D. Nithyaprakash ◽  
M. Saravanabhavan
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Grown Crystal ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Growth Technique ◽  
Powder Xrd Analysis ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Crystalline Nature ◽  
Ir Study ◽  
Homo Lumo ◽  
Solution Growth Technique

AbstractNew organic single crystals of 2-amino-6-methylpyridinium 2-hydroxybenzoate (2A6M2H) were grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature. The grown crystal structure was studied using single crystal XRD. Crystalline nature and phases were confirmed by powder XRD analysis. FT-IR study was used to identify the functional groups present in the compound. UV-Vis study revealed that the lower cut off wavelength of the crystal is at 350 nm. The dielectric studies indicated the low value of dielectric loss at high frequency. Mechanical properties of the crystals were studied using Vickers microhardness test. The Z-Scan studies were conducted for the crystal using He–Ne laser.

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