scholarly journals Synthesis and Antimicrobial Study of Thiophene Clubbed Thiazolyl Carbohydrazides

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 858-863
Author(s):  
Sadhana Dhondibhau Mhaske
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Methods ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Hantzsch Synthesis ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Antimicrobial Study ◽  
Test Organisms

Thiophene containing thiazolyl carbohydrazide on reaction with various aryl isothiocynates yields thiosemicarbazides which were transformed into 1,2,4- substituted thiazoles by Hantzsch synthesis and characterized by spectral methods. Most of the synthesized new thiosemicarbazides are found to be promisingly effective against tested bacterial strains and exhibited moderate activitytested fungal strains. Most of the 1, 2,4- substituted thiazoles are weakly active against test organisms.

Use of two fungal strains as test organisms for the evaluation of relative nutritive value in cereals and legumes

1976 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 317-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mohyuddin ◽  
A. K. Kaul ◽  
T. R. Sharma ◽  
E. -G. Niemann
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Relative Nutritive Value

scholarly journals Biosorption potential and molecular characterization of metal resistant autochthonous microbes from tannery solid waste

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajira Younas ◽  
Aisha Nazir ◽  
Zakia Latif ◽  
Janice E Thies ◽  
Muhammad Shafiq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Metal Resistance ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Tannery Solid Waste ◽  
Clean Metal

This study encompasses isolation and screening of heavy metal-resistant fungal and bacterial strains from tannery solid waste (TSW). Twelve fungal strains and twenty-five bacterial strains were isolated from TSW. The growth of fungal strains was observed against different heavy metals ranging from 10 mg L -1 to 1050 mg L -1 and the growth of bacteria was observed in metal concentrations ranging from 10 mg L -1 to 1200 mg L -1 . Five multi-metal resistant fungal isolates belonging to the genus Trichoderma and ten bacterial isolates belonging to the genus Bacillus showed good metal resistance and biosorption potential. They were identified through molecular techniques, fungi based on ITS region ribotyping, and bacteria based on 16S rRNA ribotyping. The fungal strains were characterized as T. hamatum (TSWF-06), T. harzianum (TSWF-11), T. lixii (TSWF-02) and T. pseudokoningii (TSWF-03, TSWF-10). The bacterial strains were characterized as Bacillus xiamenensis (TSW-02), B. velezensis (TSW-05), B. piscis (TSW-06), B. safensis (TSW-10), B. subtilis (TSW-14, TSW-15, TSW-17) B. licheniformis (TSW-19), B. cereus (TSW-20) and B. thuringiensis (TSW-22). The fungal strains namely, T. pseudokoningii (TSWF-03) and T. harzianum proved to be two multi-metal resistant strains with good biosorption efficiency. Unlike fungi, bacterial strains showed metal specific resistance. The strains Bacillus xiamenensis , B. subtilis (TSW-14) and B. subtilis (TSW-15) showed good biosorption efficiency against Cr, B. safensis against Cu, B. piscis and B. subtilis (TSW-17) against Pb and B. licheniformis and B. thuringiensis against Zn. The autochthonous fungal and bacterial strains can therefore be employed to clean metal contaminated environments.

scholarly journals ANTIFUNGAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ALOE VERA PLANT EXTRACT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Danish ◽  
Q Ali ◽  
MM Hafeez ◽  
A Malik
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Bacillus Megaterium ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Fungal Strains

Aloe vera is a well-known medicinal plant used in many therapeutic purposes. Naturally it is composed of many useful compounds that have ability to use for treatment of many diseases. The active compounds reported in this plant are saponins, sugar, enzymes, vitamins, aloesin, aloeemodin, aloin, acemannan aloemannan, aloeride, methylchromones, flavonoids, naftoquinones, sterols, minerals, anthraquinones, amino acids, lignin and salicylic acid and other different compounds including fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins, enzymes, minerals, simple/complex sugars, organic acid and phenolic compounds. In this study aloe vera is used for antibacterial and antifulgal activity against different strains of bacteria and pathogenic fungal strains. Ethanol extract of Aloe vera leaves and roots is applied on these bacterial and fungal strains in different concentrations (15, 20, 25, 30µl). Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtitis, Bacillus megaterium, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and some other bacterial strains are used for this study. Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefacins shows zone of inhibition around 18mm which consider as good result. Bacillus subtitis and Bacillus megaterium also shows good result around 16mm. Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa shows minimum zone of inhibition which is around 11mm. among all used fungal strains (fuserium oxysporum, Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger) fuserium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger shows excellent results around 19mm both against root extract and leaves extract.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of fungal and bacterial proteolytic strains from chrome shavings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Ferdes ◽  
Rodica Roxana Constantinescu
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
The Media ◽  
Specific Culture ◽  
Yeasts And Molds ◽  
Leather Finishing

The chrome shavings waste obtained as a result of the leather finishing process accumulates in a large volume in tanneries and represent a major problem for the environment. This waste are particularly resistant to attack of microorganisms, due to the significant concentration of chromium and are thus difficult to degrade. In this study, chrome shavings were analyzed microbiologically by determining the total number of germs and the number of yeasts and molds on specific culture media. Several bacterial and fungal strains were isolated from the cultures in Petri dishes, after the growth of the colonies. These strains were characterized in terms of the production of proteolytic enzymes, by a method of screening on the media with casein, which allows the determination of proteolytic indices of microorganisms. As a result of the tests performed, five bacterial strains probably belonging to the genus Bacillus and two fungal strains from the genera Penicillium and Cladosporium were selected.

Phytochemical profile, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antiobesity activities of Scolymus angiospermus Gaertn. Four fractions from Jericho/Palestine

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidal Jaradat ◽  
Saad Al-Lahham
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Past History ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Food Preservatives ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Phytochemical Profile

Abstract Background Many recent studies have shown that medicinal plants, which have been used worldwide through the past history in the folkloric medicine, harbor a significant number of novel metabolic compounds with potent pharmacological properties. In several countries, the aerial parts of the Scolymus angiospermus plant have been used as a food supply and as a folkloric medicinal plant. The current study aimed is to investigate the antimicrobial, antilipase, antioxidant activities and phytochemical profile of methanolic, hexane, aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions obtained from the aerial parts of S. angiospermus. Methods Phytochemical assessments were based on standard analytical methods. The obtained fractions were evaluated for their antioxidant capacity and their antilipase activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and porcine pancreatic lipase inhibitory tests, respectively. Antimicrobial activity of the obtained fractions was evaluated using broth microdilution assay against several American Type Culture Collection bacterial and fungal strains and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolate. Results Our data showed that of all obtained fractions used in the above-mentioned assays, both of methanolic and aqueous fractions, had the highest content of flavonoids (24.93 ± 2.11 and 12.21 ± 2.11 mg QUE/g, respectively) and phenolic compounds (96.28 ± 2.87 and 91.25 ± 2.63 mg of GAEq/g, respectively) as well as the best levels of both antioxidant (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) 13.67 ± 1.44 and 14.69 ± 1.97 µg/ml, respectively) and antilipase (IC50 134.89 ± 1.65 and 269.15 ± 2.33 µg/ml, respectively) activities. In addition, these fractions exhibited various levels of both antibacterial and antifungal activities. Hydrophilic fractions were more potent against the investigated bacterial strains, while hydrophobic fractions were more potent against the investigated fungal strains. Conclusions The hydrophilic fractions derived from S. angiospermus have shown the best antioxidant and antilipase effects. This is may be due to the high contents of phenols and/or flavonoids. However, further investigations are essential to isolate and identify the antioxidant, antilipase and antimicrobial compounds. Our data provide significant evidence that S. angiospermus can be very useful in the prevention and treatment of various infectious and non-infectious chronic diseases and as natural food preservatives.

In vitro antimicrobial and preliminary phytochemical screening of some Samburu Anti‐diarrhoeal medicinal plants ‐ Kenya

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
E. O. Omwenga ◽  
P. O. Okemo ◽  
P. K. Mbugua
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Local Isolate ◽  
Agar Disc

The antimicrobial effect of some selected Samburu medicinal plants was evaluated on bacterial strains like Staphylococcus aureus ‐ ATCC 20591, Bacillus subtillis ‐ Local isolate, Salmonella typhi‐ATCC 2202, Escherichia coli‐STD. 25922 and Pseudomonas aeroginosa ‐ ATCC 25852 and fungal strains like Candida albicans ATCC EK138, Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404, Aspergillusflavus‐Local isolate, Fusarium lateritium‐Local isolate, and Penicillium spp.‐ local isolate. Methanol was used as solvent for the extraction from the selected medicinal plants used by the Samburu community. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by agar disc diffusion and micro‐dilution technique. The most susceptible Gram‐positive bacterium was S. aureus, while the most susceptible Gram‐negative bacterium was P. aeroginosa. The extracts of Gomphocarpus fruticosus (L) W.T. Aiton showed less activity against the bacterial strains investigated. The most active antibacterial plants were Euphorbia scarlatica S. Carter, and Euclea divinoram Hiern. Incidentally most of the extracts were inactive against the fungal strains with only a few proving to be slightly active against the C. albicans i.e. Loranthus acaciae Zucc., Kedrostis pseudogijef (Gilg) C. Jeffrey, Euclea divinoram Hiern. and Croton macrostachyus (A. Rich). Benths. The significant antimicrobial activity of active extracts was compared with the standard antimicrobials, cefrodoxima, amoxicillin and fluconazole. The MICs of the most active plants ranged from 18.75mg/ml to 37.50mg/ml. The MBCs ranged between 18.75mg/ml to75mg/ml. These results were significant at P< 0.01. The findings show that most of the medicinal plants used by the Samburu community have some significant activity on the bacterial but not fungal pathogens known to cause diarrhoea.

scholarly journals Thymol and its Derivatives as Antimicrobial Agents

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajai Kumar ◽  
Suriya P. Singh ◽  
Sudarshan S. Chhokar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Acid Chlorides ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Broth Dilution

From the seeds of C arum copticum thymol (1) was isolated as the major component and ten derivatives (2–11) were prepared by reacting it with different acid chlorides in a single step. They were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against twelve bacterial strains and nine fungal strains using disc diffusion and broth dilution assays. Derivative 9 was found to be most active against both bacterial and fungal strains.

Development of a Filtration-Based Bioluminescence Assay for Detection of Microorganisms in Tea Beverages

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-492
Author(s):  
YOHEI SHINOZAKI ◽  
TOSHINORI IGARASHI ◽  
YASUHIRO HARADA
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Large Sample Volume ◽  
Bioluminescence Assay ◽  
Washing Method ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles ◽  
Filtration Capacity ◽  
Filtration Device

ABSTRACT The market for tea drinks as healthy beverages has been steadily expanding, and ready-to-drink beverages in polyethylene terephthalate bottles have been popular. To more rapidly and accurately test tea beverages bottled in polyethylene terephthalate for microbial contamination, a newly developed filtration device and a washing method with a commercial bioluminescence assay were combined to detect low numbers of bacterial spores, fungal conidia, and ascospores. Washing buffers were formulated with nonionic detergents from the Tween series. Commercially available tea beverages were used to evaluate the filtration capacity of the filtration device, the effect of washing buffers, and the performance of the assay. The assay was tested with serially diluted suspensions of colonies of two bacterial strains, spores of three Bacillus strains, conidia of five fungal strains, and ascospores of four fungal strains. The filtration device enabled filtration of a large sample volume (100 to 500 ml), and the washing buffer significantly decreased the background bioluminescence intensity of tea samples when compared with the no-washing method. Low numbers (1 to 10 CFU/100 ml) of the tested strains of bacteria were detected within 8 to 18 h of cultivation, and fungi were detected within 24 to 48 h. Furthermore, a whole bottle (500 ml) of mixed tea was filtered through the filtration device and microbes were detected. This method could be used for quality control of bottled beverages without preincubation.

scholarly journals Potent Microbial and Tyrosinase Inhibitors from Stem Bark of Bauhinia Rufescens (Fabaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aminu Muhammad ◽  
Hasnah Mohd Sirat
Keyword(s):  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibition ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Tyrosinase Enzyme ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay

The stem bark extracts of Bauhinia rufescens Lam. (Fabaceae) yielded 6-methoxy-7-methyl-8-hydroxydibenz[ b,f]oxepin, α-amyrin acetate, β-sitosterol 3- O-β-D-xylopyranoside, 4-(2′-Hydroxyphenethyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylphenol, menisdaurin and sequoyitol. Their structures were determined using spectroscopic methods and comparisons with the literature data. For the antimicrobial assay Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial and fungal strains were tested, while the tyrosinase inhibition assay utilized L-DOPA as a substrate for the tyrosinase enzyme. 6-Methoxy-7-methyl-8-hydroxydibenz[ b,f]oxepin, α-amyrin acetate, β-sitosterol 3- O-β-D-xylopyranoside, menisdaurin and sequoyitol showed weak to moderate activities with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values in the range of 112.5–900 μg/mL against all bacterial strains, while the MIC values for the fungal strains were in the range of 28.1–450 μg/mL. In the tyrosinase inhibition assay, α-amyrin acetate was found to be moderately active against tyrosinase with an inhibition of 62% at 0.1 mg/mL. This activity was lower than that of the positive control, kojic acid (85%).

scholarly journals In VitroPhytochemical, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Activities of Leaf, Stem, and Root Extracts ofAdiantum capillus veneris

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saqib Ishaq ◽  
Muhammad Medrar Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Siddique Afridi ◽  
Ghadir Ali ◽  
Mahrukh Khattak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Adiantum Capillus Veneris ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal

Adiantum capillus venerisis a medicinally essential plant used for the treatment of diverse infectious diseases. The study of phytochemical and antimicrobial activities of the plant extracts against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and medically important fungi is of immense significance. Extracts from the leaves, stems, and roots ofAdiantum capillus veneriswere extracted with water, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane and screened for their antimicrobial activity against ten MDR bacterial strains and five fungal strains isolated from clinical and water samples. Ash, moisture, and extractive values were determined according to standard protocols. FTIR (Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy) studies were performed on different phytochemicals isolated from the extracts ofAdiantum capillus Veneris. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, and reducing sugars. Water, methanol, and ethanol extracts of leaves, stems, and roots showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against most of the MDR bacterial and fungal strains. This study concluded that extracts ofAdiantum capillus venerishave valuable phytochemicals and significant activities against most of the MDR bacterial strains and medically important fungal strains.

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