Virtual Engineering Based Air Quality Sampling, Emission, and Optimization Tools For Swine Production Systems

Conventional swine production evolved to routinely use antimicrobials, and common occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella has been reported. There is a paucity of information on the antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella in swine production in the absence of antimicrobial selective pressure. Therefore, we compared the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from antimicrobial-free and conventional production systems. A total of 889 pigs and 743 carcasses were sampled in the study. Salmonella prevalence was significantly higher among the antimicrobial-free systems (15.2%) than the conventional systems (4.2%) (odds ratio [OR] = 4.23; P < 0.05). Antimicrobial resistance was detected against 10 of the 12 antimicrobials tested. The highest frequency of resistance was found against tetracycline (80%), followed by streptomycin (43.4%) and sulfamethoxazole (36%). Frequency of resistance to most classes of antimicrobials (except tetracycline) was significantly higher among conventional farms than antimicrobial-free farms, with ORs ranging from 2.84 for chloramphenicol to 23.22 for kanamycin at the on-farm level. A total of 28 antimicrobial resistance patterns were detected. A resistance pattern with streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline (n = 130) was the most common multidrug resistance pattern. There was no significant difference in the proportion of isolates with this pattern between the conventional (19.5%) and the antimicrobial-free systems (18%) (OR = 1.8; P > 0.05). A pentaresistance pattern with ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline was strongly associated with antimicrobial-free groups (OR = 5.4; P = 0.01). While showing the higher likelihood of finding antimicrobial resistance among conventional herds, this study also implies that specific multidrug-resistant strains may occur on antimicrobial-free farms. A longitudinal study with a representative sample size is needed to reach more conclusive results of the associations detected in this study.

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Computer simulation model of swine production systems: III. A dynamic herd simulation model including reproduction

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/1991.6972822x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 69 (7) ◽

pp. 2822-2836 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Cándido Pomar ◽

Dewey L. Harris ◽

Philippe Savoie ◽

Francis Minvielle

Keyword(s):

Computer Simulation ◽

Simulation Model ◽

Production Systems ◽

Computer Simulation Model ◽

Swine Production

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Wild small mammals in intensive milk cattle and swine production systems

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment ◽

10.1016/j.agee.2015.01.003 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 202 ◽

pp. 251-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Lovera Rosario ◽

Fernández M. Soledad ◽

Cavia Regino

Keyword(s):

Small Mammals ◽

Production Systems ◽

Swine Production

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Comparison of Swiffer Wipes and Conventional Drag Swab Methods for the Recovery of Salmonella in Swine Production Systems

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-72.1.142 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 142-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

BAYLEYEGN MOLLA ZEWDE ◽

REBECCA ROBBINS ◽

MELANIE J. ABLEY ◽

BRANDON HOUSE ◽

W. E. MORGAN MORROW ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multidrug Resistance ◽

Environmental Samples ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Production Systems ◽

Swine Production ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

Swine Barns ◽

Sampling Procedures ◽

Negative Controls

The main goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of Swiffer wipes in comparison to conventional drag swabs for the recovery of Salmonella. A total of 800 samples (400 Swiffer wipes and 400 drag swabs) were aseptically collected from randomly selected swine barns before disinfection with specific biocides and within 2 h after disinfection. From each barn, 10 samples of each swab type and negative controls were collected. Salmonellae were isolated from 43 (10.8%) of 400 drag swabs and 34 (8.5%) of 400 Swiffer wipes. There was a significant reduction in Salmonella postdisinfection as identified with both sampling procedures irrespective of the type of biocide used (P < 0.05). With the drag swabs, salmonellae were detected in 15% of the samples before disinfection versus 6.5% after disinfection, whereas with the Swiffer wipes, 13 and 4% of the samples were positive pre- and postdisinfection, respectively. Of the total 720 fecal samples collected from pigs placed in the disinfected barns, 132 (18.3%) were Salmonella positive. About 65 and 98% of the Salmonella isolates from swine barns and fecal samples, respectively, were resistant to one or more of the antimicrobials tested. Multidrug resistance was found in 35.7% of the isolates from barn swabs and 56.4% of the isolates from fecal samples. Results of this study suggest that the conventional drag swab method results in better recovery of Salmonella than does the Swiffer wipe method and thus could be a useful sampling method in monitoring Salmonella. Pentaresistant Salmonella (mainly R-type ACSSuT) was more common in fecal samples than in environmental samples.

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Identifying Barriers to Implementing Pain Management for Piglet Castration: A Focus Group of Swine Veterinarians

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10071202 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1202 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brooklyn Wagner ◽

Kenneth Royal ◽

Rachel Park ◽

Monique Pairis-Garcia

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Pain Management ◽

Focus Group ◽

Production Systems ◽

The United States ◽

Swine Production ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Audio Recordings ◽

On Farm ◽

And Training

Surgical castration is a painful husbandry procedure performed on piglets in the United States (US) to improve meat quality. Veterinarians play a crucial role in developing pain management protocols. However, providing pain management for castration is not common practice in US swine production systems. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to identify factors influencing swine veterinarian decision-making in regard to pain management protocols for piglet castration using focus group methodologies. Swine veterinarians (n = 21) were recruited to participate in one of three focus groups. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and analyzed by two independent coders who identified three areas of focus, including (1) the lack of approved products validated for efficacy, (2) economic limitations and challenges, and (3) deficient guidelines and training for veterinarians to develop protocols. Although participating veterinarians acknowledged the importance of pain management from an animal welfare standpoint, these barriers must be addressed to ensure that castration pain can be successfully mitigated on-farm.

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