scholarly journals Multivariate analysis to determine secondary characters in selecting adaptive hybrid corn lines under drought stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
NUR FADHLI ◽  
MUH. FARID ◽  
RAFIUDDIN ◽  
ROY EFFENDI ◽  
MUHAMMAD AZRAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Hybrid Corn ◽  
Secondary Character ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Effective Selection ◽  
Secondary Characters ◽  
Hybrid Lines

Abstract. Fadhli N, Farid M, Rafiuddin, Efendi R, Azrai M, Anshori MF. 2020. Multivariate analysis to determine secondary characters in selecting adaptive hybrid corn lines under drought stress. Biodiversitas 21: 3617-3624. The development of adaptive hybrid corn varieties under drought stress needs an effective selection. Multivariate analysis has been reported can increase the effectiveness of selection in plants by attaching the secondary characters in the selection. Therefore, this concept also can be applied to develop adaptive corn varieties under drought stress. The objectives of this study are to determine the main secondary characters and select the best hybrid lines adaptive to drought stress. The experiment was arranged by a nested design, where replications nested under two environmental conditions, namely normal and drought stress. The main factor was genotypes consisted of 30 genotypes and was repeated three times. Moreover, the observations of this research consisted of 20 variables. The result of this research showed that the weight of harvested cob was an effective secondary character as a selection criterion along with productivity in selecting adaptive maize genotypes under drought stress. The number of green leaves was the character outside of the yield component could be as an alternative secondary character besides the weight of harvested cob. The selection results based on the weight of the harvested cob and productivity resulted in 12 hybrid corn lines considered adaptive to drought stress.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization and Freedom to Operate analysis of maize hybrids from genetically modified and Colombian varieties

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Jiménez-Barreto ◽  
Alejandro Chaparro Giraldo ◽  
Julián Mora-Oberlaender ◽  
José Ever Vargas-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Maize Line ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Lepidopteran Insects ◽  
Hybrid Lines

Spodoptera frugiperda is one of the most common pests in maize crops, causing important losses in Colombia. The development of insect resistant crops is an alternative to conventional pest control methods. HERCULEX® I is a transgenic maize line with resistance to lepidopteran insects and tolerance to phosphinothricin herbicides, conferred by genes cry1F and pat, respectively. In Colombia, the National Federation of Cereal and Legume Growers (FENALCE) has carried out mendelian crosses between Colombian maize genotypes and HERCU- LEX® I, with the aim of integrating the genetic elements of the transgenic line into national varieties. Three hybrids were obtained which potentially carry such constructs. In the present study, the hybrid lines and their parental lines were characterized at the molecular level. Leaf tissue was tested for presence or absence of the genes cry1F and pat and their expression as mRNA and respective proteins Cry1F and Pat. Results show that the three hybrids indeed carry the HERCULEX® I constructs. RT-PCR and ELISA analysis showed transcription of the genes and presence of the proteins. An initial approach to the Freedom to Operate analysis was carried out for HERCU- LEX® I in Colombia.

scholarly journals Hydro- and Osmo-priming Effects on Upland Rice Exposed to Drought Conditions at Vegetative and Reproductive Stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartika Kartika ◽  
Benyamin Lakitan ◽  
Rofiqoh Purnama Ria
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Heading Stage

Drought stress during vegetative and/or generative stages could cause massive reduction in rice yield. This study evaluated effectiveness of hydro- and osmo-priming on improving seed germination, growth and development of upland rice under drought stress during late vegetative, booting, or heading stage. Treatments consisted of hydro-priming and osmo-priming consisted of three polyethylene glycol (PEG) concentrations i.e. 10%, 15%, and 20%. Results showed that application of osmo-priming at 10% PEG required longer time (21.93 hours) to reach 50% germination, lower germination and lower vigor index. However, after germination, seeds primed with 10% PEG exhibited better seedling growth than other seed priming treatments. Effects of seed priming on yield components were overshadowed by drought exposures. Drought imposed during vegetative stage did not significantly affect yield; however, regardless of seed priming treatments, yield reduction was inevitable in rice plants exposed to drought during booting or heading stages. Rice plant shortened time to reached physiological maturity as an adaptive mechanism if drought treatment was applied during heading stage. Keywords: Germination, Polyethylene glycol, Seedling growth, Seed priming, Yield component

scholarly journals Robust Metabolomics Approach For The Evaluation Of Human Embryos From In-Vitro Fertilization.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Figoli ◽  
Marcelo Garcea ◽  
Claudio Bisioli ◽  
Valeria Tafintseva ◽  
Volha Shapaval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Spectral Features ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Culture Supernatants

Abstract The identification of the most competent embryos for transfer to the uterus constitutes the main challenge of in-vitro fertilization (IVF). We established a metabolomic-based approach applying Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) on 130 samples of 3-days embryo culture supernatants from 26 embryos that implanted and 104 that failed. Examining the internal structure of the data by unsupervised multivariate analysis, it was observed that the supernatants of nonimplanted embryos contained highly heterogeneous spectral features. These features were overlapping with metabolic-implantation fingerprints, thus demonstrating that in establishing embryo-assessment models a one-class modelling involving only the samples with positive-implantation outcomes should be applied. Analysis of variance confirmed that the women´s age (>40 years) undermined the implantation of the embryos exhibiting implantation metabolomics, and also that constituted a condition triggering embryos to express nonimplantation metabolomics. We conclude that IVF-success rates can be significantly improved if FTIR spectroscopy is used as an embryo-selection criterion.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Yield and Yield Component of Spring Barely Genotypes under Late Season Drought Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Ali Soleimani ◽  
Mostafa Valizadeh ◽  
Reza Darvishzadeh ◽  
Saeed Ahari zad ◽  
Hadi Alipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Late Season

scholarly journals Yield component variation in winter wheat grown under drought stress

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Duggan ◽  
D. R. Domitruk ◽  
D. B. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Kernel Number ◽  
High Yield Potential

Crops produced in the semiarid environment of western Canada are subjected to variable and unpredictable periods of drought stress. The objective of this study was to determine the inter-relationships among yield components and grain yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L) so that guidelines could be established for the production of cultivars with high yield potential and stability. Five hard red winter wheat genotypes were grown in 15 field trials conducted throughout Saskatchewan from 1989–1991. Although this study included genotypes with widely different yield potential and yield component arrangements, only small differences in grain yield occurred within trials under dryland conditions. High kernel number, through greater tillering, was shown to be an adaptation to low-stress conditions. The ability of winter wheat to produce large numbers of tillers was evident in the spring in all trials; however, this early season potential was not maintained due to extensive tiller die-back. Tiller die-back often meant that high yield potential genotypes became sink limiting with reduced ability to respond to subsequent improvements in growing season weather conditions. As tiller number increased under more favourable crop water conditions genetic limits in kernels spike−1 became more identified with yield potential. It is likely then, that tillering capacity per se is less important in winter wheat than the development of vigorous tillers with numerous large kernels spike−1. For example, the highest yielding genotype under dryland conditions was a breeding line, S86-808, which was able to maintain a greater sink capacity as a result of a higher number of larger kernels spike−1. It appears that without yield component compensation, a cultivar can be unresponsive to improved crop water conditions (stable) or it can have a high mean yield, but it cannot possess both characteristics. Key words: Triticum aestivum L., wheat, drought stress, kernel weight, kernel number, spike density, grain yield

Screening of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under drought stress conditions using multivariate analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Arifuzzaman ◽  
S. Barman ◽  
S. Hayder ◽  
M. A. K. Azad ◽  
M. T. S. Turin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Stress Conditions
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