scholarly journals Distribution of polyprenol and dolichol in oil palms from Pisifera parents and mature plants from tissue culture propagation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luthfi Aziz Mahmud Siregar ◽  
ERKY BEBY AYU KARTIKA ◽  
MOHAMMAD BASYUNI
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Oil Palms ◽  
Indirect Embryogenesis ◽  
Tissue Culture Propagation

Abstract. Kartika EBA, Siregar LAM, Basyuni M. 2021. Distribution of polyprenol and dolichol in oil palms from Pisifera parents and mature plants from tissue culture propagation. Biodiversitas 22: 3423-3436. Oil palm tissue culture is carried out through indirect embryogenesis, which causes somaclonal diversity to occur at the in vitro propagation stage, especially in the callus growth phase. In the cells of all living organisms can be found a group of polyisoprenoid compounds. This study aims to determine variations in oil palm plants resulting from tissue culture based on the presence of polyisoprenoid compounds. Oil palm leaf samples (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) were collected from the plantation of PT. Socfin Indonesia, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Sample extraction, saponification, isolation of polyisoprenoid compounds, and two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography analysis were carried out to obtain data related to total lipids, polyprenol and dolichol profile, and Carbon (C) chain length polyprenol and dolichol from oil palm leaves of Pisifera parents and their propagated derivatives by indirect embryogenesis. The results showed that the amount of polyisoprenoid mother S24 was 2.41 mg/g higher than that of the parentS8 at 2.17 mg/g dry weight. Total polyisoprenoid fromS8 plants in vitro ranged from 0.71 - 8.53 mg/g dry weight, with the lowest total polyisoprenoid found atS894/22 and the highest was found atS893/2. While for total polyisoprenoid from plant tissue culture of Pisifera S24 ranged from 0.73 - 8.05 mg/g dry weight, with the lowest total polyisoprenoid found at S24H14 and the highest was found at S24H16. The parent plants of Pisifera S8 and S24, as well as plants resulting from tissue culture, were categorized as having lipid pattern type II, which showed a balanced distribution of polyprenol with dolichol. The longest carbon chain was found in vitro plantsS8 93/4 ranged from C50-C110, while the shortest was found in plants produced in vitro S24H7 starting from C45-C55. There were variations in the carbon chain length of polyprenol and dolichol in the leaf samples derived from in vitro propagation of the Pisifera S8 and S24 parents.

scholarly journals Accelerated in vitro propagation of elite oil palm genotypes (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) by substituting cytokinin with putrescine

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (50) ◽  
pp. 2767-2775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roseli Correa Thais ◽  
Yoshimitsu Motoike Sérgio ◽  
Paula de Souza Andrade Ana ◽  
Morra Coser Sara ◽  
Queiroz Vanessa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis Jacq

Effects of Carbon Chain Length on the Perfluoroalkyl Acids-Induced Oxidative Stress of Erythrocytes in Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (25) ◽  
pp. 6414-6420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingren Pan ◽  
Pengfei Qin ◽  
Rutao Liu ◽  
Wanni Yu ◽  
Xiaofei Dong
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Perfluoroalkyl Acids ◽  
Carbon Chain Length

scholarly journals IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF THE OSTRICH FERN (Matteuccia struthiopteris)

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIAN W. DYKEMAN ◽  
BRUCE G. CUMMING
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Inorganic Salts ◽  
Adenine Sulphate ◽  
Lateral Buds ◽  
Morphogenesis In Vitro ◽  
Half Strength

Methods were developed for the successful in vitro propagation of ostrich fern (Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Todaro) clones utilizing shoot tips derived by forcing lateral buds on the rhizome. Maximum shoot proliferation was attained with 6-furfurylaminopurine (kinetin) at 1.0 mg/L with half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) inorganic salts and sucrose, agar, NaH2PO4, adenine sulphate, i-inositol and thiamine∙HCl at 30 000, 4000, 85, 40, 100, 0.4 mg/L, respectively. Excellent frond and root development was achieved with half-strength MS salts and sucrose, agar, i-inositol and thiamine∙HCl at 7500, 4000, 100 and 0.4 mg/L, respectively. The methods developed were satisfactory for a cross section of clones. Morphogenesis in vitro was dependent on medium osmotic potential.Key words: Matteuccia struthiopteris, in vitro propagation, tissue culture, morphogenesis, fern (ostrich)

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of Manihot esculenta Crantz in alternative substrate: Ammonium nitrate, potassium bi phosphate, Zea mays extracts and soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
Duru Maduabuchi ◽  
◽  
Mbata Ikechukwu ◽  
Osikwe Keziah ◽  
Ukaoma Adamma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz

The study investigated an in vitro propagation of Manihot esculenta Crantz in a substituted substrate regime. The aim was to proffer and affordable alternative to the expensive high tech media formulations usually employed in tissue culture protocol. The experiment was conducted on laboratory bench, using standard tissue culture and micropropagation methods under aseptic conditions. The morphogenesis effect of the substrate was determined based on the integer number of explants’ callus and adventitious shoot regeneration. Results showed that MS + Agar, supported embryogenic callus formation with 38% viability, NH4NO3 + KH2PO4 + Agar, supported same with 29%. MS + 2, 4-D + BAP +Agar supported shoot establishment with 32%. While NH4NO3 + KH2PO4 + Zea mays extracts + Agar, did same with 43.26%. MS + Soil, supported callugenesis with 27% viability while NH4NO3 + KH2PO4 + Soil supported the callus establishment with 25%. MS + 2,4 - D + BAP + Soil, supported shoot establishment with 38.41% viability while NH4NO3 + KH2PO4 + Zea mays Extracts + Soil supported same with 36%. The application of crude Zea mays seedling extracts can serve as potent alternative to the synthetic 2, 4 – D and BAP, in in vitro somatic cell morphogenesis. NH4NO3 + KH2 + PO4 can substitute for the MS salt in the same protocol. Loamy top soil can be a good alternative to agar powder as gelling agent in cassava somatic cell embryogenesis and shoot regeneration. Keywords: Ammonium nitrate, Potassium biphosphate, MS salt, axillary meristem, morphogenesis.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF STRESS ON SECONDARY METABOLITES PRODUCTION FROM CALLUS OF MORINGA OLEIFERA IN VITRO

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim & Ameen
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
Metabolites Production

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of sucrose, poly ethylene glycol (PEG) on hypocotyl induced callus of Moringa oleifera at the plant tissue culture lab.- College of Agriculture– University of Baghdad from February 2015 to May 2016. Sucrose concentrations were 30, 60, and 90, 120 g .L -1 and PEG 0, 25, 50 and 100 g .L -1 added to MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg .L -1 of 2, 4-D and 0.1 mg .L -1 of NAA. MS medium supplemented with120 g .L -1 of sucrose gave the best amount of Zeatin, Quercetin and Kaempferol reached to 103.4, 1324.6 and 966.5 µg. g dry weight of callus-1 respectively. The concentrations of active compound increasing with adding PEG, MS medium supplemented with 100 g .L -1 PEG gave the highest value of Zeatin, Quercetin and Kaempferol which recorded 92.01, 3528.0 and 931.0 µg. g dry weight of callus-1 respectively. We found that we could increase the production of active material from callus that induced from explant by exposure the callus to several stress and then could separate the pure active material and used it as a drug in medicine.

scholarly journals Restoring the natural tropism of AAV2 vectors for human liver

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (560) ◽  
pp. eaba3312
Author(s):  
Marti Cabanes-Creus ◽  
Claus V. Hallwirth ◽  
Adrian Westhaus ◽  
Boaz H. Ng ◽  
Sophia H.Y. Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Human Hepatocytes ◽  
Targeted Gene Therapy ◽  
Tissue Culture Propagation ◽  
Made In

Recent clinical successes in gene therapy applications have intensified interest in using adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) as vectors for therapeutic gene delivery. Although prototypical AAV2 shows robust in vitro transduction of human hepatocyte–derived cell lines, it has not translated into an effective vector for liver-directed gene therapy in vivo. This is consistent with observations made in Fah−/−/Rag2−/−/Il2rg−/− (FRG) mice with humanized livers, showing that AAV2 functions poorly in this xenograft model. Here, we derived naturally hepatotropic AAV capsid sequences from primary human liver samples. We demonstrated that capsid mutations, likely acquired as an unintentional consequence of tissue culture propagation, attenuated the intrinsic human hepatic tropism of natural AAV2 and related human liver AAV isolates. These mutations resulted in amino acid changes that increased binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), which has been regarded as the primary cellular receptor mediating AAV2 infection of human hepatocytes. Propagation of natural AAV variants in vitro showed tissue culture adaptation with resulting loss of tropism for human hepatocytes. In vivo readaptation of the prototypical AAV2 in FRG mice with a humanized liver resulted in restoration of the intrinsic hepatic tropism of AAV2 through decreased binding to HSPG. Our results challenge the notion that high affinity for HSPG is essential for AAV2 entry into human hepatocytes and suggest that natural AAV capsids of human liver origin are likely to be more effective for liver-targeted gene therapy applications than culture-adapted AAV2.

In vitro propagation of some Syrian varieties of olive ( Olea europaea L.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
T. Charbaji ◽  
Z. Ayyoubi ◽  
I. Karajouli
Keyword(s):  
Olea Europaea ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Olea Europaea L ◽  
Olive Varieties ◽  
Internode Explants ◽  
Olea Europaéa

Five local olive varieties ( Olea europaea L.), Dan, Sorani, Tadmury, Tiffahi and Zeiti, were collected from the field. Internode explants of each were micropropagated on modified MS and Rugini medium (olive medium).The shoot growth and dry weight of the Dan, Sorani and Zeiti varieties increased significantly on modified MS. Similar results were observed for Tiffahi in Rugini medium. Modified MS and Rugini media had similar effects on the growth and dry weight of Tadmury.Two concentrations (3 and 5 mg l −1 ) of three auxins (IAA, IBA and NAA) were used for the in vitro rooting stage. A higher percentage of in vitro rooting was observed on medium containing 5 mg l −1 IBA.

Perbandingan Metode Sterilisasi Untuk Perbanyakan Rubus rosifolius Secara in Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imam Surya ◽  
Lily Ismaini
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Povidone Iodine ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Plant Propagation

AbstrakRubus rosifolius adalah salah satu jenis rasberi liar yang memiliki potensi cukup tinggi untuk dikembangkan sebagai tanaman buah. Selain itu, metode perbanyakan tanaman merupakan salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh dalam pembudidayaan. Lebih lanjut, informasi terkait upaya perbanyakan R. rosifolius secara in vitro masih sangat terbatas. Percobaan ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui metode sterilisasi yang tepat pada eksplan R. rosifolius. Sebanyak 17 metode sterilisasi telah diujicobakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan BKT Kebun Raya Cibodas-LIPI. Bahan sterilisasi yang digunakan, yaitu detergen, tween 80, bakterisida, fungisida, clorox/pemutih (NaClO), alkohol 70%, larutan Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM), vitamin C/asam askorbat, dan povidone iodine/antiseptik. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa metode sembilan merupakan metode sterilisasi yang cukup optimum untuk sterilisasi eksplan R. rosifolius. Metode sembilan mampu menghambat munculnya mikroorganisme endofitik hingga 8 hari dan tidak menyebabkan warna eksplan menjadi cokelat/browning. Tahapan sterilisasi pada metode sembilan meliputi pencucian dengan detergen, perendaman dengan bakterisida + fungisida selama +30 menit, perendaman dengan clorox 10% + tween 80 selama +15 menit, pencucian dengan larutan PPM selama +15 menit.  AbstractRubus rosifolius is one of the species from wild raspberries, which is has high potential to develop as a fruit crops. In the other hand, the technique of plant propagation became an important factor for cultivation. Moreover, the information related to the in vitro propagation of R. rosifolius is very limited. This experiment was aimed to determine the best method to sterilize an explants of R. rosifolius. About 17 methods of sterilization have been tried in the laboratorium of tissue culture at Cibodas Botanical Garden-Indonesian Institute of Sciences. The combination of detergent, tween 80, bactericide, fungicide, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), alcohol 70%, plant preservative mixture (PPM), ascorbic acid, and povidone iodine were used during the experiment. The results show that the method of sterilization number nine could be inhibit the emergence of endophytic organisms for eight days and keep an explant in green with a little brownish compared by the others methods. The method of sterilization number nine was consist of several steps i.e. wash by detergent, soak in bactericide + fungicide for +30 minutes, soak in sodium hypoclorite 10% + tween 80 for +15 minutes, wash by PPM solution for +15 minutes.

In vitro Propagation of Two Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Cultivars under Conditions of Salt Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Getachew Kassa ◽  
Tileye Feyissa
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Rooting Medium ◽  
Number Of Leaves

This study was aimed to investigate salt tolerance of two grapevine cultivars, ‘Chenine Blanc’ and ‘Canonannon’ through in vitro propagation on medium containing different concentrations of NaCl. Single-node shoots were cultured on MS with 1.0 mg/l BAP in combination with 0.1 mg/l IBA and containing 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 or 1.50% NaCl. NaCl free medium was used as control. Shoots of both cultivars were cultured on the same MS containing 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 or 1.00% CaCl2 to reduce hyperhydricity. The shoots were transferred to rooting medium followed by acclimatization in greenhouse. Number and length of shoots and roots, number of leaves and nodes, length of nodes, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots decreased significantly in consistent trend as the concentration of NaCl increased. ‘Canonannon’ cultivar was found to be significantly more tolerant to NaCl than ‘Chenine Blanc’ in all parameters. The lowest percentage of hyperhydric shoots were obtained on medium containing 0.25% CaCl2. Therefore, ‘Canonannon’ cultivar can be planted in relatively saline soils as it is more tolerant to salt than ‘Chenine Blanc’. Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 30(1): 47-56, 2020 (June)

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