scholarly journals A social-ecological system approach to Bali cattle raising in Timor Island, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Achmad Firman ◽  
OBED HABA NONO
Keyword(s):  
System Approach ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Bali Cattle

Abstract. Firman A, Nono OH. 2021. A social-ecological system approach to Bali cattle raising in Timor Island, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3585-3593. Cattle raising in East Nusa Tenggara play important role in the daily life of local people including to fulfill nutritional needs, to generate cash income, to develop social relationships, and to maintain religious activities. On the island of Timor, the type of cattle mostly kept by farmers is Bali cattle. This type of cattle perfectly suits the environmental and social conditions of the island. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of social-ecological systems (SESs) and other systems that were able to maintain the sustainability of Bali cattle raising in Timor Island.  All components in the system that interact with each other were studied through in-depth interviews with informants (15 cattle farmers, five community leaders, five cattle traders, and 10 staff of livestock services district and province levels). The results showed that the SESs approach could provide an explanation on the relationship between resource systems, resource units, governance systems, and users as well as systems that are outside SESs, namely the market and government policies, which altogether were able to improve Bali cattle raising sustainability. Farmers had an important role in Bali cattle raising and their habitat environment. Local and export markets played a role in providing value for Bali cattle raising. The local government maintained the balance of supply and demand for Bali cattle through the East Nusa Tenggara Governor Regulations No. 78 of 2019. Therefore, the research has succeeded in identification of feed resources in savanna and steppe and provide an opportunity to increase the cattle population on the island of Timor. The interaction between farmers and their environment has been well established, however, it is necessary to improve the quality of forage feed in grazing land.

scholarly journals The Social-Ecological Keystone Concept: A Quantifiable Metaphor for Understanding the Structure, Function, and Resilience of a Biocultural System

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kawika Winter ◽  
Noa Lincoln ◽  
Fikret Berkes
Keyword(s):  
System Theory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Biocultural Restoration

Social-ecological system theory draws upon concepts established within the discipline of ecology, and applies them to a more holistic view of a human-in-nature system. We incorporated the keystone concept into social-ecological system theory, and used the quantum co-evolution unit (QCU) to quantify biocultural elements as either keystone components or redundant components of social-ecological systems. This is done by identifying specific elements of biocultural diversity, and then determining dominance within biocultural functional groups. The “Hawaiian social-ecological system” was selected as the model of study to test this concept because it has been recognized as a model of human biocomplexity and social-ecological systems. Based on both quantified and qualified assessments, the conclusions of this research support the notion that taro cultivation is a keystone component of the Hawaiian social-ecological system. It further indicates that sweet potato cultivation was a successional social-ecological keystone in regions too arid to sustain large-scale taro cultivation, and thus facilitated the existence of an “alternative regime state” in the same social-ecological system. Such conclusions suggest that these biocultural practices should be a focal point of biocultural restoration efforts in the 21st century, many of which aim to restore cultural landscapes.

scholarly journals Deliberative Ecologies: Complexity and Social–Ecological Dynamics in International Environmental Negotiations

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-80
Author(s):  
Jonathan Pickering
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Dynamics ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Environmental Negotiations ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Social ◽  
International Environmental Negotiations

Theories of complex systems can yield valuable insights for understanding the increasingly intricate networks of actors, institutions, and discourses involved in international environmental negotiations. While analysis of regimes and regime complexes has shed light on macro-level structures and relationships in global environmental politics, systemic analysis has gained less traction in making sense of micro-level interactions—such as communicative exchanges among participants—that occur within the sites of negotiation and how those interactions shape (and are shaped by) the broader dynamics of governance systems. This article shows how the conceptual lens of “deliberative ecologies” can bridge these levels of analysis by integrating theories of deliberative systems with ideas from complexity theory and social–ecological systems analysis. Drawing on evidence from United Nations climate change and biodiversity conferences between 2009 and 2018, I show how methods such as discourse analysis and process tracing can help to apply a deliberative ecologies perspective and thereby advance understanding of how discourses and deliberative practices diffuse through negotiating sites and how deliberation interacts with the social–ecological dynamics of those sites.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF THE INDUSTRIAL CITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. 803-808
Author(s):  
Yaroslav A. Leshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological

The assessment of the sustainability of the socio-ecological system of the Siberian industrial city in the period of radical social and economic reforms (period 1990-2012) has been performed by the proposed method. The comprehensive dynamic analysis of the characteristics of the major subsystems (the quality of the urban environment; the reproduction of the population; the medico-demographic status; the socio-economic and medico-social status of the population) showed that during the specified period the habitat and the vital indices of the population was in a state of socio-ecological ill-being. The proposed method, at its core, can be used to establish regularities and features of various types of urban social-ecological systems.

scholarly journals DAM-FORCED DISPLACEMENT AND SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE: THE BARRA GRANDE HYDROPOWER PLANT IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL RONDINELLI ROQUETTI ◽  
EVANDRO MATEUS MORETTO ◽  
SÉRGIO MANTOVANI PAIVA PULICE
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Ecological Resilience ◽  
Hydropower Plant ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Systems Framework ◽  
Official Sources

Abstract One of the major impacts caused by large dams is induced displacement, which is associated to several social and ecological negative secondary effects. This study’s objective is to analyze how the resettlement process engendered by the Barra Grande hydropower plant reorganized the local social-ecological system, affecting its resilience. The study is based on the social-ecological systems framework. Quantitative data was collected in official sources and field interviews were conduced. Collected data was analyzed in order to verify if disturbances drove the system towards more or less resilient pathways. Findings reveal that the resettlement process has benefitted the uniformity of agricultural practices and has encouraged farmers to control the system ecological conditions, negatively affecting the resilience of the social-ecological system.

scholarly journals Boom Bust Economy and Social-ecological System Relationship

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Michael Ungar ◽  
Jen McRuer ◽  
Daniel Blais ◽  
Linda Theron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological

This paper reports on the changing dynamics of a small town’s social-ecological system (SES) concerning oil and gas industry boom-bust economic cycles and both the vulnerability and resilience of the town over the past 30 years. With the goal to understand how resource-based single industry impact social-ecological systems, we developed indicators of human and environmental well-being and assessed them. Seven indicators include labor force distribution, education, oil price, household income, water quality, air quality, and land cover land use. Over this period, Drayton Valley, Canada quadrupled in size, with more than 20% of the population working in the oil and gas sector. Median income rose to 42% above the national average despite the population lagging national benchmarks for educational attainment. There have also been dramatic fluctuations in levels of fluoride, phosphorus, and other chemicals in water quality samples, implying a correlation with fossil fuel extractive activities over this period. Land cover land use change analysis shows a decreased area of water bodies, wetland, and forests, and increased built capital and agricultural land. While economic boom cycles have led to cash inflows, an exclusive focus on the benefits of the oil and gas industry may leave those dependent on the industry vulnerable to social and environmental risk factors during bust cycles that are beyond their control in the everchanging global oil economy. This phenomenon which has been referred to as the “resource curse” suggests the need to anticipate cyclical (or more sustained) periods of low levels of oil and gas production. These results suggest that single boom-bust economies impact every aspect of social-ecological systems. Therefore, a sustainable development plan that comprehensively considers not only economic growth, but also diversification, environment protection, and strategic land use planning is indispensable to ensure the long-term development of communities that depend upon extractive industries.

scholarly journals How Can Local Governance Systems Strengthen Community Resilience? A Social-Ecological Systems Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-73
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Carabine ◽  
Emily Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Local Governance ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Risk Governance ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Governance Systems ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Local Risk ◽  
The Impact

At their core, donor-funded climate and disaster resilience programmes provide goods and services to help build assets and minimise the impact of shocks and stresses on people’s lives and livelihoods. Little is known, however, about the way local risk governance systems and the broader institutional arrangements, in which they are embedded, mediate people’s access to these services and therefore lead to improved resilience. Drawing on Social-Ecological Systems theory, we explore those characteristics of risk governance systems believed to be more favourable for building resilience at the community level in different developing country contexts. These include: diversity; polycentricism and connectivity; decentralisation and flexibility; participation and community engagement; and, learning and innovation. This review paper proposes a conceptual framework and assesses the evidence linking risk governance and access to the services needed to build resilient outcomes, drawing particularly on evidence from the Sahel and Horn of Africa. In doing so, we can start to understand where the entry points might be for strengthening resilience and the conditions needed for community-level initiatives to be brought to scale from the bottom up.

The pragmatic holism of social–ecological systems theory: Explaining adaptive capacity in a changing climate

2021 ◽  
pp. 030913252110160
Author(s):  
Sophie Adams
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Adaptive Dynamics ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Human Response ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social

Now ubiquitous in research on adaptation to the impacts of anthropogenic climate change is the aim of cultivating adaptive capacity. With its promise to expand the scope of transformative human response within the adaptive dynamics of the social–ecological system, this approach is built upon the integration of the social and ecological, reflecting the ‘pragmatic holism’ at the heart of the concept of the ecological system. This vision is undercut, however, by an ambivalence about the agency of humans to effect adaptive change. I argue that this threatens to recoup the environmental determinism that characterised mid-20th-century theories of adaptation in geography and cognate disciplines – albeit in a new form defined by an understanding of agency as distributed and emergent that is associated with developments in cybernetics and complexity science. This article charts how the currently dominant discourse centred on adaptive capacity has come about and explores what it might mean for the politics of climate change adaptation, as the scope of human action is circumscribed by the adaptive dynamics of the social–ecological system.

Towards a Process Epistemology for the Analysis of Social-Ecological System

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Mancilla Garcia ◽  
Tilman Hertz ◽  
Maja Schlüter
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Radical Empiricism ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Process Perspective

This paper proposes an epistemological approach to analyse social-ecological systems from a process perspective in order to better tackle the co-constitution of the social and the ecological and the dynamism of these systems. It highlights the usefulness of rethinking our conceptual tools taking processes and relations as the main constituents of reality instead of fundamental substances or essences. We introduce the concept of experience as understood in radical empiricism to critically revise our available concepts through focusing on the concept of difference, exploring apparent contradictions and engaging in assemblage thinking.

scholarly journals Implementation of a socio-ecological system navigation approach to human development in Sub-Saharan African communities

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianni Gilioli ◽  
Anna Maria Caroli ◽  
Getachew Tikubet ◽  
Hans R. Herren ◽  
Johann Baumgärtner
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Project Objectives ◽  
Cattle Health

This paper presents a framework for the development of socio-eco- logical systems towards enhanced sustainability. Emphasis is given to the dynamic properties of complex, adaptive social-ecological systems, their structure and to the fundamental role of agriculture. The tangible components that meet the needs of specific projects executed in Kenya and Ethiopia encompass project objectives, innovation, facilitation, continuous recording and analyses of monitoring data, that allow adaptive management and system navigation. Two case studies deal with system navigation through the mitigation of key constraints; they aim to improve human health thanks to anopheline malaria vectors control in Nyabondo (Kenya), and to improve cattle health through tsetse control and antitrypanosomal drug administration to cattle in Luke (Ethiopia). The second case deals with a socio-ecological navigation system to enhance sustainability, establishing a periurban diversified enterprise in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) and developing a rural sustainable social-ecological system in Luke (Ethiopia). The project procedures are briefly described here and their outcomes are analysed in relation to the stated objectives. The methodology for human and cattle disease vector control were easier to implement than the navigation of social-ecological systems towards sustainability enhancement. The achievements considerably differed between key constraints removal and sustainability enhancement projects. Some recommendations are made to rationalise human and cattle health improvement efforts and to smoothen the road towards enhanced sustainability: i) technology system implementation should be carried out through an innovation system; ii) transparent monitoring information should be continuously acquired and evaluated for assessing the state of the system in relation to stated objectives for (a) improving the insight into the systems behaviour and (b) rationalizing decision support; iii) the different views of all stakeholders should be reconciled in a pragmatic approach to social-ecological system management.

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