scholarly journals DSC/TG and SEM Studies of Synthesized Potassium Sulphamate (PS) and Potassium Dinitramide (KDN) Crystals

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
Pratim KUMAR ◽  
Puran Chandra JOSHI
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Gravimetry ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Sulphamic Acid ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In the present paper, thermal decomposition and crystal researches of synthesized potassium sulphamate (PS) and potassium dinitramide (KDN) crystals were studied using differential scanning calorimetry/ thermal gravimetry (DSC/TG) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques, respectively. Initially, PS crystals were synthesized using sulphamic acid and potassium hydroxide pellets. Afterwards, PS crystals were used for synthesizing potassium dinitramide (KDN) crystals by the nitration of PS in sulfuric and nitric acid mixture. One sample of PS was used for studying DSC/TG curves, while three samples of KDN crystals were used for the studying DSC/TG curves. The three samples of KDN crystals which were used in the present studies are, a) stored KDN (1 month), b) stored KDN (2 months), and c) washed KDN. All the obtained DSC/TG curves of three KDN crystals are dissimilar to each other, and the probable reasons for this dissimilarity are discussed in the manuscript. For further clarifications, TG curve of KN was compared with the TG curves of three samples of KDN used in the present study. It was observed that, while storage, KDN slowly converts into KN with some rate which gradually changes the physical and chemical properties of KDN.

Synthesis and Characteristics of Energetic Materials Based on 1,2-Dinitroguanidine

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingcheng Hu ◽  
Xinghui Jin ◽  
Huanqing Jia ◽  
Zuliang Liu ◽  
Chunxu Lv
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Detonation Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Energetic Salts ◽  
Thermal Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

A series of energetic salts based on 1,2-dinitroguanidine were successfully synthesised and fully characterised using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that all the salts possess higher detonation properties (detonation pressures and velocities ranging from 24.8 to 30.3 GPa and 7665 to 8422 m s–1, respectively) than those of trinitrotolouene (TNT, 2,4,6-trinitromethylbenzene). The thermal stability and thermal kinetic parameters were also investigated to give a better understanding of the physical and chemical properties of these energetic salts.

Influence of Physical and Chemical Properties on the Activity of Fly Ashes

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sybertz
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Fly Ashes ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACTIn an experimental program, the suitability of various methods for testing the pozzolanic activity of fly ash was investigated. The research was conducted on virtually all fly ashes approved as concrete additives in Germany. This paper discusses differences in the particle size distribution and the solubility on dissolution with hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide of the fly ashes. It also reports on interrelationships between the physical and chemical properties of the fly ashes and the workability and strength of mortars containing fly ash.

Grafting of Hydroxy-Terminated Polybutadiene with 2-Mercaptoethanol

2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1899-1910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Pleska ◽  
Iva Klichová ◽  
Jindřich Pytela
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Radical Addition ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polyurethane Elastomers ◽  
Volatile Solvents ◽  
Hydrolytic Resistance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

A method for functionalization of hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene with 2-sulfanylethan-1-ol (2-mercaptoethanol) leading to a controlled increase in the OH functionality of the polymer was developed. The polybutadiene used contained about 65% of unsaturation in the form of 1,2-vinyl groups. The reaction was carried out without using volatile solvents. The radical addition of 2-sulfanylethan-1-ol on the polymer proceeded quantitatively and the products were free of the mercaptan odour. A series of functionalized polybutadienes were synthesized and characterized by their physical and chemical properties. The differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis measurements revealed that the functionalization improves the stability of the polybutadiene to thermooxidation. The obtained polymers were used for the preparation of polyurethane elastomers. The effect of the increased functionality of the polybutadiene on mechanical properties, thermal behavior and hydrolytic resistance of the elastomers was assessed.

scholarly journals Dyeing of Innovative Bicomponent Filament Fabrics (PET/PTT) by Disperse Dyestuffs: Characterization and Optimization Process

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Souissi ◽  
Ramzi Khiari ◽  
Wafa Haddar ◽  
Mounir Zaag ◽  
Nizar Meksi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Disperse Dyes ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

PET/PTT bicomponent filaments yarn is produced by two polymers: the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and the polytrimethylene terephtalate (PTT) extruded side by side. This yarn is known for its high mechanical properties in particular elasticity and elastic recovery. However, differences between physical and chemical properties of the two components make the dyeing step of this yarn complicated. The aim of this work is the development of a dyeing process for bicomponent filaments without altering their physical and chemical properties. Different techniques such as SEM, FTIR, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize the studied yarn. For dyeing, three different disperse dyes CI Disperse Red 167.1, CI Disperse Yellow 211, and CI Disperse Red 60 with different energy classes were studied. The influence of dyeing conditions in particular dyeing temperature, pH of dye bath, dyeing time, and carrier concentration in the dye bath was evaluated. Responses analyzed are color strength (K/S), colorimetric coordinates and color fastness of samples dyed with studied dyes. In addition, the stability of elasticity and elastic recovery of bicomponent filament fabrics after the dyeing process has been also verified and proved.

scholarly journals A Study Some Physical and Chemical Properties of Khuweisah Valley Basin East Of Misaan Governorateby Using Rs&Gis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ali A Kazem Al-Waeli ◽  
◽  
Osamah K Alsharifiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
High Light ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Light Contrast ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The study dealt with some physical and chemical properties of khuweisah I order to Clearfy andhighlight contrast in those properties between two seasons, summerwho represented by (July) andwho represented by winter (January). Also high light contrast on differences among the sites during the same season for the period from (1987–2018).Three samples were chosen for each season in order to explain the differences. By analyzing the results of the properties temperature values are gradually increasing during the summer season due to atmospheric and solar radiation effects. Also showed the results that the values of turbidity had increased during summer seasondue to total suspended materials in the water.The dissolved oxygen concentrations in summer season were high due to increased concentrations of salts in this season, value of (PH) more salty in summer season, moderate during winter. Concentrations of other elements were variable among sites in the same season

Statistical criteria of stellar population types

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Population Type ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Berta Ratilla ◽  
Loreme Cagande ◽  
Othello Capuno
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

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