Women, Peace and Security: A Critical Cartography

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Soumita Basu ◽  
Paul Kirby ◽  
Laura J. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Women's Movements ◽  
Discrete Object ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Critical Cartography ◽  
New Politics ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Peace Activism

This introductory chapter offers a mapping of the field of research to which we – the authors of the chapter and the editors of the volume – hope that the volume itself will contribute. Using the motif of ‘new directions’, we chart historical and contemporary scholarship on Women, Peace, and Security (WPS), tracing avenues of enquiry, streams of argument, and architectures of practice across geographical, temporal, and institutional scales. In the course of our mapping, we identify overlapping waves of WPS scholarship, beginning with those who came to study WPS primarily through peace activism and women’s movements (including those who engaged directly with the politics and processes that produced UNSCR 1325), through the emergence of ‘WPS’ as a discrete object of analysis, and to the current state of art represented by the contributions to this volume. In doing so we show how WPS has gone from peace activism at the margins to a more significant landmark in the peace and security environment than perhaps anyone had envisaged. This cataloguing constitutes the first substantive section of the chapter. In the second section of the chapter, we map the contours of the contemporary field of study, proposing three new horizons of WPS scholarship: new themes; new actors; and new methods of encounter. In the final section, we conclude our cartography with a discussion of the ways in which the more recent contributions to WPS scholarship and practice are producing interesting new contestations, tensions, and constellations of power, and re-situate the new politics of WPS in relation to the geographical, temporal and institutional scales which will shape its future trajectories.

The Involvement of UN in Palestine and the Possibility of a Global Protection Force

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Kainat Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Law ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Peacekeeping Operations ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Peacekeeping Missions

The United Nations (UN) peacekeeping missions are mandated to help nations torn by conflict and create conditions for sustainable peace. These peacekeeping operations hold legitimacy under international law and the ability to deploy troops to advance multidimensional domains. Peacekeeping operations are called upon to maintain peace and security, promote human rights, assist in restoring the rule of law, and help conflict-prone areas create conditions for sustainable peace ("What is Peacekeeping", n.d.). These missions are formed and mandated according to individual cases. The evolution of the global security environment and developing situations in conflictridden areas requires these missions to transform from 'traditional' to 'robust' to 'hybrid', accordingly (e.g., Ishaque, 2021). So why is it that no such model can be seen in restoring peace and protection of Palestinian civilians in one of the most protracted and deadly conflicts in history?

scholarly journals Main directions of development of public administration in the field of military security at the national and global levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 60-69
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Kaliaiev
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Current State ◽  
Dynamic Vision ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Military Security ◽  
Adequate Management

The formation of a common security environment, prevention and elimination of military conflicts, achieving mutual international understanding and innovative approaches to the organization of public administration structures in this area with the involvement of non-state actors and the formation of appropriate ecosystems in security environment are determined among the main directions of public administration development in the field of military security. Based on the methodology of public administration, the current state of public administration systems reforms is considered and the priorities for the development of public administration in the field of military security at the national and global levels of administration are identified. The general tendencies of public administration development are identified; ambiguity and variability in estimations of results of administrative reforms are emphasized. Arguments are presented that the problems of social interaction, responsibility and democracy in modern management practices are transposed to public administration in the field of military security, in particular in the implementation of new approaches to management of innovations. Transformational changes in public administration in the field of military security at the national and global levels are considered logical, expedient and possible especially against the background of administrative reforms processes and implementation of open innovations, ecosystems and management of innovations in the field of military security facilities administration. Innovations in the field of security suggest reformatting, in particular, of industrial policy of defence by identifying different instruments to enhance opportunities for openness with different degrees of the latter for actors not previously involved in military security and defence issues. Innovation has been shown to involve reshaping, in particular, industrial defense policy by identifying different tools for enhancing openness with varying degrees of openness) for actors not yet involved in military security and defense. Flexibility in the management of strategic ecosystems and a dynamic vision of interdependence between actors affect the ability of the system to operate in conditions of open innovation and ensure adequate management of openness

The Significance of the Problem

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
David J. Kolko ◽  
Eric M. Vernberg
Keyword(s):  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Evaluation Tools ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Assessment And Evaluation ◽  
Current State

This introductory chapter describes the elements that will be covered in this book. It introduces child firesetting as a national problem, responsible for significant individual and societal consequences. It elaborates on rates of firesetting in juveniles and describes the characteristics of children who play with fire, as well as family characteristics and correlates. The chapter cites the need for assessment and evaluation tools, emphasizing that assessment should be tailored to the population and the context in which the problem is documented and managed. The current state of interventions and treatment is discussed, including surveys of community-based intervention programs. Recidivism is covered, citing statistics from various surveys. The chapter concludes with an overview of this clinical guide.

New Horizons Observations of the Atmosphere of Pluto

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Randall Gladstone ◽  
Leslie A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Nitrogen ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Radiation Processing ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Current State ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Average State

New Horizons data provide a snapshot of the current state of Pluto's atmosphere. Winds are slow and mostly controlled by sublimation of surface ices. Molecular nitrogen is the primary constituent below 1,800 km, while methane and carbon monoxide are important minor species. Photolysis of these gases leads to a thin haze that encompasses Pluto from the surface up to >500-km altitude and is important in heating and cooling the atmosphere. A cold (∼70 K) upper atmosphere curtails the escape of Pluto's molecular nitrogen to space, although there is substantial escape of methane (∼5 × 1025 molecules s−1), coincidentally about equal to its loss by photochemistry. It is unknown if the current atmosphere is representative of its long-term average state. From the inferred rapid rate of haze settling, it seems that Pluto's atmosphere must occasionally undergo collapse to allow time for radiation processing of the colorless haze material into the dark deposits found on the surface. ▪ This article outlines what has been gleaned about Pluto's atmosphere in the years since the New Horizons flyby. ▪ Pluto's atmosphere is most similar to Titan's—with the photochemistry of supervolatile nitrogen and hydrocarbons resulting in a kind of factory for cold haze production. ▪ Much has been learned about Pluto's atmosphere, but many new questions have arisen, and these will likely remain unanswered until there is a follow-up mission—no doubt a long time from now.

Progress of Radar Observations of Meteors in Kazan (Russia) over the Last Sixty Years

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (S349) ◽  
pp. 260-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei A. Kalabanov ◽  
Arkadiy V. Karpov ◽  
Amir I. Sulimov ◽  
Oleg N. Sherstyukov ◽  
Rashid A. Ishmuratov
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Measuring Equipment ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Radar Observations ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Meteor Radio ◽  
Antenna Systems ◽  
Data Processing Methods

AbstractThis paper presents a brief survey on the history of radar observations of meteors in Kazan from 1950s to present days. Such achievements of Kazan researchers as development and further improvement of original measuring equipment and antenna systems, of observational data processing methods, their contribution to the theory of physics of meteor phenomena and theoretical interpretation of experimental data are highlighted. A particular progress in meteor astronomy has been achieved with a new discrete quasi-tomoghraphic method for faint meteor showers identification that uses goniometer data of meteor radio reflections detected on radar as input data. The current state and new horizons of meteor studies in Kazan are stated.

Fragile and conflict-affected situations and the post-2015 development agenda

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Lockhart ◽  
Sam Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Extreme Poverty ◽  
Current State ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Institutional Foundations ◽  
Background Context ◽  
Policy Agreement

This chapter examines the challenge of ending extreme poverty and attaining the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in fragile and conflict-affected countries by 2030. It first describes the background context in which fragility and conflict exist before discussing the current state of lessons learned as well as policy agreement and divergence regarding international approaches to peace and security. It then considers the centrality of institutions both as constraints and as foundations to development. It also offers suggestions on what key elements are needed in laying institutional foundations for development in countries emerging from conflict, and how responsibilities for implementing the goals might be assigned in practice. The chapter concludes with an assessment of the impact of the MDGs in fragile and conflict-affected settings, along with the implications of current understandings of conflict and fragility for the objectives of the Post-2015 Development Agenda.

1. Introduction

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Deakin ◽  
Angus Johnston ◽  
Basil Markesinis
Keyword(s):  
Tort Law ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Current State ◽  
English Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tort Claims

This introductory chapter first reviews the current state of the law of tort. It discusses the increase in tort claims due to our greater ability to cause more and greater harm and our reduced willingness to put up with the normal vicissitudes of life. It considers the law of individual responsibility. It suggests that tort law is becoming by the day a more complex set of rules than it ever was, where national law mixes with legal ideas emanating from foreign jurisdictions. Tort law rules are also becoming intermingled with those from other branches of English law. The second part of the chapter discusses the relationship between tort and contract.

WPS, States, and the National Action Plans

2018 ◽  
pp. 272-290
Author(s):  
Mirsad Miki Jacevic
Keyword(s):  
Security Council ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Current State ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Peace And Security

Since 2005, UN Security Council Resolution 1325, national action plans (NAPs) have been tools for institutionalizing the women, peace, and security agenda. Yet, gaps remain between their promise and their capacity to facilitate safer, more stable local communities. Inclusive Security’s “high-impact NAP” methodology posits that these plans can only achieve this goal when inclusively designed, effectively monitored and evaluated, adequately resourced, and fully supported politically. Using this framework and illustrative country examples, this chapter reviews NAP progress and challenges to date. Specifically, this chapter provides a close examination of the effectiveness of NAPs in countries such as Germany, the United Kingdom, Iraq, and Japan. In doing so, it critically examines the current “state of the field” and emerging trends (e.g. localization), and offers concluding lessons learned in order to translate women, peace, and security commitments into action. This chapter argues that while NAPs face a number of limitations, they are nevertheless important policy and advocacy mechanisms as they strengthen institutional efforts for change.

scholarly journals Introduction: Advances in Research on Shared Physical Custody by Interdisciplinary Approaches

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Laura Bernardi ◽  
Dimitri Mortelmans
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Comparable Data ◽  
Current State ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Physical Custody ◽  
Custody Arrangements

AbstractThis introductory chapter provides the rationale for adopting an interdisciplinary approach to study the implications of shared physical custody arrangements for families and their members. The Chapter gives a rapid overview of the current state of the literature on shared physical custody in the legal, sociological and psychological literature and highlights the uncertainties and controversial aspects still open to exploration in this field. It addresses the specific research needs in order to move forward from the current situation, where evidence on shared physical custody produce results that are scattered across disciplines and hard to compare across contexts. It concludes by arguing that the complexity of shared physical custody implications in terms of health, educational, relational and living standards requires research from different disciplinary fields in order to agree on a comprehensive theoretical perspective, standardize definitions and collect longitudinal and comparable data on the custody arrangements and their normative environments.

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