A Comparison of FT-IR/PA and FT-IR/PBD Spectra of Powders

1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 636-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Varlashkin ◽  
M. J. D. Low ◽  
G. A. Parodi ◽  
C. Morterra
Keyword(s):  
Probe Beam ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Ir Radiation ◽  
Laser Probe ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Better Than

FT-IR photoacoustic (PA) and also photothermal beam deflection (PBD) spectra were recorded with the same particulate samples (graphite, charcoal, aspirin, and silica) under the same conditions in order to compare the quality of the spectra obtainable with the two techniques. A PA cell fitted with windows for the PBD laser probe beam was used, and PA and PBD spectra of each sample were recorded at 8 cm−1 resolution at each of the four different interferometer scan velocities. Although the overall aspects of FT-IR/PA and FT-IR/PBD spectra are the same, the signal-to-noise ratios of PA spectra are appreciably better than those of PBD spectra because PBD detection is more prone to disturbance by vibration than is PA detection. Absorption bands appear at the same wavenumbers in PA and PBD spectra. However, the relative intensities of bands of PBD spectra depend on the absorptive properties of the powdered solids; with weak absorbers, some bands may not be detected at all. PAS can be used with all powders. PBDS is of little or no use for the examination of weakly absorbing powders unless they scatter IR radiation extensively.

Optical detection of photoacoustic pulses in thin silicon wafers

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1330-1333 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sontag ◽  
A. C. Tam
Keyword(s):  
Probe Beam ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Noise Analysis ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Detection Scheme ◽  
Thin Silicon ◽  
Mode A

The propagation of photoacoustic pulses in thin silicon wafers is studied by a probe-beam deflection method. A comparison with transducer measurements is made, which suggests the existence of a nonpropagating plate mode. A signal-to-noise analysis is carried out, and the sensitivity of this detection scheme is analyzed for the case of high-frequency broad-band detection.

Noise Qualification in Bali Palm Leaf Image with Gaussian Filter Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Wayan Adhitya Prathama ◽  
I Gede Arta Wibawa
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Gaussian Filter ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Filter Noise ◽  
Leaf Image ◽  
Palm Leaf ◽  
Better Than

In improving the quality of the image basically makes the appearance of an image better than before. One thing that is done in improving the image quality is noise qualification. This noise qualification aims to reduce the level of noise contained in a digital image. In this study, the image used is the image of Bali palm leaf. There are many methods that can be used to qualify for noise. One of them is the Gaussian filter. In this study, Gaussian Filter is used as a method to qualify the noise contained in the palm leaf image. The image quality after the noise qualification process is calculated using PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio). The higher the PSNR value obtained, the better the image quality. In this study, the PSNR value obtained in the palm leaf image after processing the noise qualification is 54.7625 db. Keywords: Gaussian Filter, Noise, PSNR, Bali Palm Leaf, Image

FT-IR Photothermal Beam Deflection Spectroscopy of Solids Submerged in Liquids

1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1170-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Varlashkin ◽  
M. J. D. Low
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Noise Ratio

FT-IR photothermal beam deflection (PBD) spectra were recorded of solids submerged in liquid CCl4 and in C2Cl4. Some PBD effects are described. Submerging the sample leads to PBD signals 40 times larger than those found with the sample in air, but the signal-to-noise ratio of FT-IR/PBD spectra is only increased by a factor of ten. Certain aspects of the technique and its utility are discussed.

scholarly journals Assessment of Quality of Azithromycin, a Macrolide Antibiotic by NMR Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shoeb ◽  
Md Farhanul Alam ◽  
Md Mazharul Islam ◽  
Nargis Parvin ◽  
Md Nazrul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
13C Nmr ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
1H And 13C Nmr ◽  
Pharmaceutical Tablets ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ft Ir

A total of forty-five pharmaceutical tablets containing 500 mg azithromycin from 9 (nine) different companies were collected from local pharmacies and evaluated the quality of the antibiotics with standard azithromycin by physical, chromatographic (HPLC), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), and 1H & 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic studies. Weight variation of all tested tablets were within 0.1-1.8% which is in the allowed variation of 5%. Two prominent absorption bands were observed at 1723 and 1187 cm−1 in the FT-IR spectrum of all samples and standard for the presence of >C=O and -C-O groups, respectively due to the macrocyclic lactone ring. HPLC coupled with PDA detector (at 210 and 215 nm) gave reproducible results at retention time of 10.5 min for standard and samples. The 1H and 13C NMR spectral data of the standard azithromycin and test samples were found to be identical which led to the conclusion that 1H- and 13C-NMR experiments are feasible tools for qualitative determination of azithromycin in tablets. All the described methods determined the quality of analyzed tablets well. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 24(1): 37-44, 2021

Ultra-spatially resolved synchrotron powered FT-IR microspectroscopy of individual cells of biological material

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 884-885
Author(s):  
David L. Wetzel ◽  
John A. Reffner ◽  
Gwyn P. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Noise ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Thermal Source ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Good Spatial Resolution ◽  
Small Spot ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Microspectroscopy

Synchrotron radiation is 100 to 1000 times brighter than a thermal source such as a globar. It is not accompanied with thermal noise and it is highly directional and nondivergent. For these reasons, it is well suited for ultra-spatially resolved FT-IR microspectroscopy. In efforts to attain good spatial resolution in FT-IR microspectroscopy with a thermal source, a considerable fraction of the infrared beam focused onto the specimen is lost when projected remote apertures are used to achieve a small spot size. This is the case because of divergence in the beam from that source. Also the brightness is limited and it is necessary to compromise on the signal-to-noise or to expect a long acquisition time from coadding many scans. A synchrotron powered FT-IR Microspectrometer does not suffer from this effect. Since most of the unaperatured beam’s energy makes it through even a 12 × 12 μm aperture, that is a starting place for aperture dimension reduction.

Kepuasan Masyarakat Terhadap Pelayanan Kelurahan Setelah Pemekaran Di Tangerang Selatan

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Pitri Yandri
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Service Personnel ◽  
Urban Services ◽  
Hospitality Workers ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cartesian Diagram ◽  
Better Than

The purpose of this study is (1) to analyze public perception on urban services before and after the expansion of the region, (2) analyze the level of people's satisfaction with urban services, and (3) analyze the determinants of the variables that determine what level of people's satisfaction urban services. This study concluded that first, after the expansion, the quality of urban services in South Tangerang City is better than before. Secondly, however, public satisfaction with the services only reached 48.53% (poor scale). Third, by using a Cartesian Diagram, the second priority that must be addressed are: (1) clarity of service personnel, (2) the discipline of service personnel, (3) responsibility for care workers; (4) the speed of service, (5) the ability of officers services, (6) obtain justice services, and (7) the courtesy and hospitality workers.

Implementasi Voip Server Berbasis IPV6 Dengan Raspberry PI

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Rabbai San Arif ◽  
Yuli Fitrisia ◽  
Agus Urip Ari Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Internet Protocol ◽  
Wireless Transmission ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Ipv6 Network ◽  
Ip Network ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a telecommunications technology that is able to pass the communication service in Internet Protocol networks so as to allow communicating between users in an IP network. However VoIP technology still has weakness in the Quality of Service (QoS). VOPI weaknesses is affected by the selection of the physical servers used. In this research, VoIP is configured on Linux operating system with Asterisk as VoIP application server and integrated on a Raspberry Pi by using wired and wireless network as the transmission medium. Because of depletion of IPv4 capacity that can be used on the network, it needs to be applied to VoIP system using the IPv6 network protocol with supports devices. The test results by using a wired transmission medium that has obtained are the average delay is 117.851 ms, jitter is 5.796 ms, packet loss is 0.38%, throughput is 962.861 kbps, 8.33% of CPU usage and 59.33% of memory usage. The analysis shows that the wired transmission media is better than the wireless transmission media and wireless-wired.

Motilitas dan Vabilitas Spermatozoa Ayam Kampung pada Suhu 5°C Menggunakan Pengencer dan Lama Simpan yang Berbeda

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Enike Dwi Kusumawati ◽  
Selvinus Lawu Woli ◽  
Aju Tjatur Nugroho Krisnaningsih ◽  
Waluyo Edi Susanto ◽  
Syam Rahadi
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Ringer Lactate ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Native Chicken ◽  
Lactate Solution ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa ayam kampung pada suhu 5oC menggunakan pengencer dan lama simpan yang berbeda. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian laboratorium menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan pengencer ringer lactat solution, air kelapa dan tanpa pengencer serta lama simpan 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, masing-masing diulang 10 kali. Variabel yang diamati yaitu motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa. Analisa data yang digunakan adalah analisis varian. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa motilitas dan viabilitas spermatozoa menggunakan pengencer ringer lactat solution lebih tinggi (P<0,01) serta dapat bertahan sampai lama simpan 24 jam dibandingkan air kelapa dan tanpa pengencer. Adapun nilai motilitas ringer lactat solution, air kelapa dan tanpa pengencer pada lama simpan 24 jam masing-masing sebesar 43,5±17,17%; 8±4,83%; 6,5±2,4%, sedangkan nilai viabilitasnya sebesar 83,2±7,25%; 64,6±3,20%; dan 63,1±2,33%. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah ringer lactat solution lebih baik dibandingkan air kelapa dan tanpa pengencer dalam mempertahankan kualitas semen ayam kampung pada suhu simpan 5oC sampai lama simpan 24 jam.Kata Kunci : air kelapa, ayam kampung, motilitas, spermatozoa, viabilitas  ABSTRACTThis study was conducted to determine the motility and viability of spermatozoa of Native chickens at 5oC using different diluents and time storage. The method used in this study was laboratory research using Factorial Completely Randomized Design with ringer lactate solution, coconut water and without diluent at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30 hours of time storage each repeated 10 times. The variables observed were motility and viability of sperm. Data analysis used is variance analysis. The results of data analysis showed that the motility and viability of spermatozoa using ringer lactate solution diluents was higher (P <0.05) than coconut water and without diluents. The motility values of ringer lactat solution, coconut water and without diluents were 43,5±17,17%; 8±4,83%; 6,5±2,4% respectively, while the viability values were 83,2±7,25%; 64,6±3,20% and 63,1±2,33%. The conclusion of this study is that ringer lactat solution is better than coconut water an without diluents in maintaining the quality of Native chicken semen at a storage temperature of 5oC until 24 hours.Keywords: coconut water, motility, native chicken, sperm, viability

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