scholarly journals New traps for the capture of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) eggs and adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e0008813
Author(s):  
Karina Rossi da Silva ◽  
William Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Bianca Piraccini Silva ◽  
Adriano Nobre Arcos ◽  
Francisco Augusto da Silva Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
The South ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Density Index ◽  
Egg Density

The control of arboviruses carried by Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) can be performed with tools that monitor and reduce the circulation of these vectors. Therefore, the efficiency of four types of traps in capturing A. aegypti and A. albopictus eggs and adults, with the biological product Vectobac WG, was evaluated in the field. For this, 20 traps were installed in two locations, which were in the South (Londrina, Paraná) and North (Manaus, Amazonas) Regions of Brazil, from March to April 2017 and January to February 2018, respectively. The UELtrap-E (standard trap) and UELtrap-EA traps captured A. aegypti and A. albopictus eggs: 1703/1866 eggs in Londrina, and 10268/2149 eggs in Manaus, respectively, and presented high ovitraps positivity index (OPI) values (averages: 100%/100% in Londrina, and 100%/96% in Manaus, respectively); and high egg density index (EDI) values (averages: 68/75 in Londrina, and 411/89 in Manaus, respectively), so they had statistically superior efficiency to that of the CRtrap-E and CRtrap-EA traps in both regions, that captured less eggs and adults: 96/69 eggs in Londrina, and 1091/510 eggs in Manaus, respectively. Also presented lower OPI values (averages: 28%/4% in Londrina, and 88%/60% in Manaus, respectively); and lower EDI values (averages: 10.5/9 in Londrina, and 47/30 in Manaus, respectively). The capture ratios of Aedes adults in the UELtrap-EA and CRtrap-EA traps in Londrina and Manaus were 53.3%/29.5% and 0%/9.8%, respectively. UELtrap-EA can be adopted as efficient tool for Aedes monitoring due to their high sensitivity, low cost and ease of use.

scholarly journals New traps for the capture of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) eggs and adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Rossi da Silva ◽  
William Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Bianca Piraccini Silva ◽  
Adriano Nobre Arcos ◽  
Francisco A. da Silva Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Density Index ◽  
Egg Density ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe control of arboviruses carried by Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) can be performed with tools that monitor and reduce the circulation of these vectors. Therefore, the efficiency of four types of traps in capturing A. aegypti and A. albopictus eggs and adults, with the biological product Vectobac WG®, was evaluated in the field. For this, 20 traps were installed in two locations, which were in the South (Londrina, Paraná) and North (Manaus, Amazonas) Regions of Brazil, from March to April 2017 and January to February 2018, respectively. The UELtrap-E and UELtrap-EA traps captured A. aegypti and A. albopictus eggs: 1703/1866 eggs in Londrina, and 10268/2149 eggs in Manaus, respectively, and presented high ovitraps positivity index (OPI) values (averages: 100%/100% in Londrina, and 100%/96% in Manaus, respectively); and high egg density index (EDI) values (averages: 68/75 in Londrina, and 411/89 in Manaus, respectively), so they had statistically superior efficiency to that of the CRtrap-E and CRtrap-EA traps in both regions, that captured less eggs and adults: 96/69 eggs in Londrina, and 1091/510 eggs in Manaus, respectively. Also presented lower OPI values (averages: 28%/4% in Londrina, and 88%/60% in Manaus, respectively); and lower EDI values (averages: 10.5/9 in Londrina, and 47/30 in Manaus, respectively). The capture ratios of Aedes adults in the UELtrap-EA and CRtrap-EA traps in Londrina and Manaus were 53.3%/29.5% and 0%/9.8%, respectively. UELtrap-E and UELtrap-EA can be adopted as efficient tools for Aedes monitoring due to their high sensitivity, low cost and ease of use.Author summaryAedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are species of mosquitoes responsible for the transmission of several arboviruses that cause infections worldwide. However, there are still no effective and safe vaccines or medications to prevent or treat arboviruses transmitted by these vectors, except for yellow fever. Moreover, current methodologies for monitoring and controlling A. aegypti and A. albopictus are not fully effective, as evidenced by the increasing cases of the arbovirus transmitted by these mosquitoes or have incompatible costs with the socioeconomic conditions of a large number of people. Thus, the traps tested in this study can be used as more effective and economical tools for monitoring and controlling A. aegypti and A. albopictus, since they are made with low cost material and they showed high efficiency in the capture of eggs, evidenced by the high values of ovitraps positive index and eggs density index, besides that one of the models captured Aedes spp. adults in both regions where they were tested. Therefore, the traps have potential for reducing Aedes spp. eggs and adults in the environment and sensibility for determining the local infestation index, which can be reconciled with official government strategies for more accurate vector monitoring and control actions.

scholarly journals Entomological Status Based on Vector Density Index and Transovarial Infection on Aedes Sp. Mosquito in Meteseh Village, Semarang City

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 12016
Author(s):  
Martini Martini ◽  
Zufri Armen ◽  
Kusariana Nissa ◽  
Hestiningsih Retno ◽  
Yuliawati Sri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Adult Mosquito ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Density Index ◽  
Egg Density ◽  
Descriptive Method

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by Dengue virus. In 2016, the number of DHF patients in areas of Health services of Rowosari was 247 cases, IR 289.6/100.000 populations and the highest number of the patients was from Meteseh Village. The most usual mechanism happened in the vertical transmission, transovarial infection, from adult mosquito to the egg. The study was conducted to describe of entomological status of House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), Breteau Index (BI), House index (HI), Ovitrap Index (OI) of larvae as well as transovarial infection in Aedes sp. The research method was descriptive method by conducting test to the entomology status of DHF incidence. Based on the survey in Meteseh sub-village (XVI), a result found that average House Index 8.99%, Container Index 2.88%, Breteau Index 16.40%, HI 8,99 Ovitrap Index 35.46% with the egg density at 1.023 eggs. The identified mosquitoes were 30, and from the identification result of Aedes sp., two Aedes species were found, 28 Aedes aegypti,and only 2 Aedes albopictus. The transovarial infection in Aedes sp. using ELISA method was found 6 mosquito samples which were positive of dengue virus, with the detail in neighborhood 01 (1 sample), neighborhood 02 (2 samples), neighborhood 03 (3 samples). DHF in Meteseh Sub village in Semarang City was probably happened because correlated with transovarial infection.

scholarly journals RECENT TRENDS IN DENGUE DETECTION METHODS USING BIOSENSORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
AHMAD ANWAR ZAINUDDIN ◽  
ANIS NURASHIKIN NORDIN ◽  
ROSMINAZUIN AB RAHIM
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Optical Biosensor ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Minimal Sample

ABSTRACT: Dengue illness is an infectious tropical disease, transmitted by Aedes mosquitos, that poses a serious health threat to the tropical world. This disease causes widespread infection worldwide, with about 50 million cases of dengue occurring per annum out of which 500,000 recorded cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever and 22,000 deaths.  Currently, there are no effective vaccines available to prevent the spread of the infection. Accurate and rapid laboratory diagnostic tests are required for early detection to reduce patient mortality rate. In this paper,  common laboratory diagnosis methods for detecting dengue virus infection are discussed. Currently, virus isolation, RT-PCR and serology methods provide the most direct and accurate response for detection of dengue. However, these methods require tedious steps, expensive requirements and expert staffs. Recent research have proposed the usage of biosensors as an alternative new technology for detection of dengue. In this work, various types of biosensors such as electrochemical, piezoelectric, and optical biosensor have been described and compared to evaluate their effectiveness in dengue detection.  It is observed that the optical biosensor offers the best detection due to its high sensitivity as compared to others, although it is popularly known as an expensive method. Alternatively, the use of electrochemical and piezoelectric biosensors (QCM) is highly recommended for detection of dengue due to their ease-of-use, low cost, low reagent consumption, disposability, and minimal sample preparation. These approaches have the potential to improve the rate of survival, particularly in resource-limited countries. ABSTRAK: Virus denggi adalah penyakit berjangkit tropika bawaan nyamuk Aedes yang menimbulkan ancaman serius kepada kesihatan global. Penyakit ini menyebabkan jangkitan yang meluas di seluruh dunia, dengan kira-kira 50 juta kes denggi yang berlaku setiap tahun di mana 500,000 kes demam denggi berdarah dan 22,000 kematian direkodkan. Buat masa ini, tiada vaksin yang berkesan untuk mencegah penyebaran jangkitan ini. Ujian diagnostik makmal yang cepat dan tepat diperlukan untuk pengesanan denggi awal untuk mengurangkan kadar kematian pesakit. Dalam artikel ini, kaedah diagnosis makmal yang biasa dilakukan untuk mengesahkan jangkitan virus denggi akan dibincangkan. Pada masa kini, kaedah pengasingan virus, RT-PCR dan serologi adalah tindak balas yang paling cepat dan tepat untuk mengesan denggi. Walau bagaimanapun, kaedah-kaedah ini memerlukan langkah-langkah yang melecehkan, kos penyelenggaraan yang tinggi dan kakitangan  yang terlatih.  Penyelidikan terkini telah mencadangkan penggunaan biosensor sebagai teknologi baru alternatif untuk mengesan denggi.  Dalam artikel  ini juga pelbagai jenis biosensor seperti biosensor elektrokimia, piezoelektrik, dan biosensor optik telah dijelaskan dan dibandingkan untuk menilai keberkesanannya dalam pengesanan denggi. Difahamkan bahawa biosensor optik menawarkan pengesanan terbaik kerana kepekaannya yang tinggi berbanding dengan yang lain, walaupun ia dikenali sebagai kaedah berkos tinggi. Sebaliknya, biosensor elektrokimia dan piezoelektrik (QCM) sangat disyorkan untuk mengesan denggi kerana ia mudah digunakan, berkos rendah, penggunaan bahan uji yang terhad, boleh dipakai buang, dan mempunyai penyediaan sampel yang minima. Pendekatan-pendekatan ini berpotensi untuk meningkatkan kadar kemandirian di kawasan-kawasan sumber terhad.

scholarly journals SMILE Platform: An Innovative Microfluidic Approach for On-Chip Sample Manipulation and Analysis in Oral Cancer Diagnosis

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 885
Author(s):  
Sofia Zoupanou ◽  
Annalisa Volpe ◽  
Elisabetta Primiceri ◽  
Caterina Gaudiuso ◽  
Antonio Ancona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Chip Sample ◽  
Large Audience ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Large Diffusion

Oral cancer belongs to the group of head and neck cancers, and, despite its large diffusion, it suffers from low consideration in terms of prevention and early diagnosis. The main objective of the SMILE platform is the development of a low-cost device for oral cancer early screening with features of high sensitivity, specificity, and ease of use, with the aim of reaching a large audience of possible users and realizing real prevention of the disease. To achieve this goal, we realized two microfluidic devices exploiting low-cost materials and processes. They can be used in combination or alone to obtain on-chip sample preparation and/or detection of circulating tumor cells, selected as biomarkers of oral cancer. The realized devices are completely transparent with plug-and-play features, obtained thanks to a highly customized architecture which enables users to easily use them, with potential for a common use among physicians or dentists with minimal training.

scholarly journals Designing Efficient Low-Cost Paper-Based Sensing Plasmonic Nanoplatforms

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 3035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurentiu Susu ◽  
Andreea Campu ◽  
Ana Craciun ◽  
Adriana Vulpoi ◽  
Simion Astilean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Resonance Surface ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Plasmonic Paper

Paper-based platforms can be a promising choice as portable sensors due to their low-cost and facile fabrication, ease of use, high sensitivity, specificity and flexibility. By combining the qualities of these 3D platforms with the optical properties of gold nanoparticles, it is possible to create efficient nanodevices with desired biosensing functionalities. In this work, we propose a new plasmonic paper-based dual localized surface plasmon resonance–surface-enhanced Raman scattering (LSPR-SERS) nanoplatform with improved detection abilities in terms of high sensitivity, uniformity and reproducibility. Specifically, colloidal gold nanorods (GNRs) with a well-controlled plasmonic response were firstly synthesized and validated as efficient dual LSPR-SERS nanosensors in solution using the p-aminothiophenol (p-ATP) analyte. GNRs were then efficiently immobilized onto the paper via the immersion approach, thus obtaining plasmonic nanoplatforms with a modulated LSPR response. The successful deposition of the nanoparticles onto the cellulose fibers was confirmed by LSPR measurements, which demonstrate the preserved plasmonic response after immobilization, as well as by dark-field microscopy and scanning electron microscopy investigations, which confirm their uniform distribution. Finally, a limit of detection for p-ATP as low as 10−12 M has been achieved by our developed SERS-based paper nanoplatform, proving that our optimized plasmonic paper-based biosensing design could be further considered as an excellent candidate for miniaturized biomedical applications.

Distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in different eco zones of Thiruvananthapuram city with special reference to dengue viremia in humans

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
S. Sunil Kumar ◽  
D.A. Evans ◽  
K. Muthulakshmi ◽  
T. DilipKumar ◽  
R. Heera Pillai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Dengue Shock Syndrome ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Distribution Study ◽  
Urban Zone ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Vector Management ◽  
Efficient Vector

Mosquito index study of three ecologically different ecozones of the Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala showed sharp difference on the proportionate distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Human dengue viremia (HDV) was very high in those ecozones where A.aegypti density was high and HDV was low where A.albopictus was high. In a coastal zone of Thiruvananthapuram city, A. aegypti was the most abundant vector and in a hilly, arid suburban zone, A.albopictus was the abundant vector. In the urban zone both species of mosquitoes showed equal distribution. Study on the circulating serotypes in the serum of HDV by Single step single tube Multiplex PCR showed all the four serotypes viz DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 and DENV4 in patients of Thiruvananthapuram city, which indicated the possibility of Dengue Shock Syndrome, unless there is efficient vector management. Among the four dengue serotypes, Type 1 was the most abundant virus. Abundance of microhabitats in Thiruvananthapuram city, which support A. aegypti may be the reason for high prevalence of dengue fever in the urban zone.

A Simple PCR Assay for Discrimination of Dengue Vectors from Nsukka LGA, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Amos Watentena ◽  
Ikem Chris Okoye ◽  
Ikechukwu Eugene Onah ◽  
Onwude Cosmas Ogbonnaya ◽  
Emmanuel Ogudu
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Aedes Mosquitoes ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Arboviral Diseases ◽  
Dengue Vectors

Mosquitoes of Aedes species are vectors of several arboviral diseases which continue to be a major public health problem in Nigeria. This study among other things, morphologically identified Aedes mosquitoes collected from Nsukka LGA and used an allele specific PCR amplification for discrimination of dengue vectors. Larval sampling, BG-sentinel traps and modified human landing catches were used for mosquito sampling in two selected autonomous communities of Nsukka LGA (Nsukka and Obimo). A total of 124 Aedes mosquitoes consisting of five (5) different species were collected from April to June, 2019 in a cross-sectional study that covered 126 households, under 76 distinct geographical coordinates. Larvae was mainly collected from plastic containers 73% (n=224), metallic containers 14% (n=43), earthen pots 9% (n=29) and used car tyres 3% (n=9), reared to adult stage 69.35% (n=86), and all mosquitoes were identified using standard morphological keys. Five (5) Aedes mosquito species were captured; Aedes aegypti 83(66.94%), Aedes albopictus 33(26.61%), Aedes simpsoni (4.48%), Aedes luteocephalus (≤1%) and Aedes vittatus (≤1%). Nsukka autonomous community had higher species diversity than Obimo. Allele specific amplification confirmed dengue vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus species on a 2% agarose gel. Since the most recent re-emergence of arboviral diseases is closely associated with Aedes species, findings of this study, therefore, give further evidence about the presence of potential arboviral vectors in Nigeria and describe the role of a simple PCR in discriminating some. Further entomological studies should integrate PCR assays in mosquito vector surveillance.

RELAÇÃO DE CAUSALIDADE ENTRE A FEBRE DA ZIKA E MICROCEFALIA NO BRASIL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Emanuel Dantas Mercês ◽  
Angela de Souza Cajuhi ◽  
Lorena Conceição Souza dos Santos ◽  
Rudval Souza da Silva ◽  
Cleuma Sueli Santos Suto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Electronic Library

O Zika vírus é um arbovírus transmitido pela picada dos mosquitos Aedes aegypti e Aedes albopictus infectados e apresentam como principais manifestações clínicas: febre aguda, exantema, prurido e conjuntivite. Em 2015 causou uma epidemia no Brasil, desencadeando casos de microcefalia em bebês cujas gestantes tiveram a febre da Zika. O Nordeste notificou o maior número de casos. Objetivou-se identificar, a partir de uma revisão integrativa, a relação entre a febre da Zika e a microcefalia. Trata-se de revisão integrativa, realizada a partir de buscas desenvolvidas nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e da Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) com publicações dos anos de 2015 e 2016, idiomas português e inglês. Foram encontradas 191 publicações, as quais passaram por um processo de leitura e análise quanto ao atendimento do objetivo e aplicação dos critérios de inclusão. Restaram oito publicações que integraram o corpus desta revisão. Os resultados apontam para uma relação de causa e efeito entre o contato das gestantes com o Zika vírus e o desenvolvimento de microcefalia em seus bebês. Necessita-se de maiores evidências que demonstrem os reais fatores envolvidos nesse processo, como os genéticos, ambientais e até mesmo interferência de outras infecções. Palavras-chave: Zika vírus. Microcefalia. Aplicações da epidemiologia.

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