scholarly journals Ancient mtDNA Analysis of Early 16th Century Caribbean Cattle Provides Insight into Founding Populations of New World Creole Cattle Breeds

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e69584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla F. Speller ◽  
David V. Burley ◽  
Robyn P. Woodward ◽  
Dongya Y. Yang
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Creole Cattle ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Founding Populations

From The Matrix to Campanella: cultural hybrids and globalization

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-127
Author(s):  
SERGE GRUZINSKI
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Old World ◽  
The Matrix

Starting from an analysis of the recent film The Matrix, and emphasizing its millenarian and messianic components, the article goes on to consider the importance of millenarian and messianic movements in the Old World (especially Spain and Portugal) and the New world (especially Mexico, Peru and Brazil) in the 16th century, noting Tommaso Campanella's expectation of an imminent world monarchy. The conclusion is that these movements offered a privileged space for different religions to interact and to mix.

Origins and genetic diversity of New World Creole cattle: inferences from mitochondrial and Y chromosome polymorphisms

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ginja ◽  
M. C. T. Penedo ◽  
L. Melucci ◽  
J. Quiroz ◽  
O. R. Martínez López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
New World ◽  
Creole Cattle

scholarly journals Exquisitely Preserved Fossil Snakes of Messel: Insight into the Evolution, Biogeography, Habitat Preferences and Sensory Ecology of Early Boas

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustín Scanferla ◽  
Krister T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
New World ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Sensory Ecology ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Upper Jaw ◽  
Spectrum Evaluation ◽  
Insight Into

Our knowledge of early evolution of snakes is improving, but all that we can infer about the evolution of modern clades of snakes such as boas (Booidea) is still based on isolated bones. Here, we resolve the phylogenetic relationships of Eoconstrictor fischeri comb. nov. and other booids from the early-middle Eocene of Messel (Germany), the best-known fossil snake assemblage yet discovered. Our combined analyses demonstrate an affinity of Eoconstrictor with Neotropical boas, thus entailing a South America-to-Europe dispersal event. Other booid species from Messel are related to different New World clades, reinforcing the cosmopolitan nature of the Messel booid fauna. Our analyses indicate that Eoconstrictor was a terrestrial, medium- to large-bodied snake that bore labial pit organs in the upper jaw, the earliest evidence that the visual system in snakes incorporated the infrared spectrum. Evaluation of the known palaeobiology of Eoconstrictor provides no evidence that pit organs played a role in the predator–prey relations of this stem boid. At the same time, the morphological diversity of Messel booids reflects the occupation of several terrestrial macrohabitats, and even in the earliest booid community the relation between pit organs and body size is similar to that seen in booids today.

scholarly journals Sevillian transport jars in early colonial America: the case of Santa María La Antigua del Darién (Colombia)

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Gomez Ferrer ◽  
Jaume Buxeda i Garrigós ◽  
Javier Garcia Iñañez ◽  
Fernando De Amores Carredano ◽  
Adriana Alzate Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Colonial America ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Initial Sample ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Atlantic Trade ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
First Results ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Insight Into

Within the scope of the TECNOLONIAL (HAR2008-02834/HIST) project, an archaeologi- cal and archaeometric research is being conduct- ed in order to clarify and systematize transport jars production in the Iberian peninsula and their distribution abroad, especially to the Americas, from the 15th to the 17th century. The production centre of Seville, in the Crown of Castile, produced large glazed and unglazed transport jars, called botijas, which were mainly devoted to the Atlantic trade network. The pres- ent study accounts for the first results obtained from an initial sample of 34 transport jars dated around the 15th-16th centuries from the produc- tion centre of Seville and the reception site of Santa María de la Antigua del Darién (gulf of Urabá, Colombia). This latter site is especially significant since it was the first Spanish founda- tion (1510) in continental America that obtained the title of town, and was the seat for the Governor of the new region called Castilla de Oro, as well as for the first diocese. All individuals were analyzed by means of x-ray fluorescence and diffraction analyses and then compared with the majolica production database from Seville. The results enabled us to define the first refer- ence groups for such modern transport jars, and to get a first insight into the jars coming to the Americas in the early 16th century whose prove- nance can be linked to Seville, but not Triana.

Early Modern Biblical Commentary and Jonathan Edwards

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriaan C. Neele
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
New World ◽  
Biblical Interpretation ◽  
Jonathan Edwards ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Biblical Commentary ◽  
High Esteem ◽  
Modern Context ◽  
Insight Into

Adriaan C. Neele introduces the early modern context of biblical interpretation by discussing Matthew Poole’s Synopsis Criticorum aliorumque Sacrae Scripturae (1669–1674), a frequently referenced volume for many biblical interpreters, whether in England, on the European continent, or in the New World. Neele shows how this work represents early modern exegesis well and how it became an important channel for bringing medieval commentaries into the hands of post-Reformation exegetes. He also establishes the high esteem that this multivolume work gained in New England and its important role in Jonthan Edwards’ exegesis. The Synopsis gives us insight into early modern interpretation yet also serves as a contrast to New England exegesis, helping us set Edwards in his time.

Fernando Ortiz on Afro-Cuban Music

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Moore
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Latin American ◽  
New World ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Fernando Ortiz ◽  
Cuban Studies ◽  
First Time ◽  
American Authors ◽  
Insight Into

Fernando Ortiz is recognized today as one of the most influential Latin American authors of the 20th century. Amazingly prolific, his publications written between the 1890s and the mid-1950s engage with a vast array of subjects and disciplines. Perhaps Ortiz’s most significant accomplishments were the creation of the field of Afro-Cuban studies and major early contributions to the emergent field of Afro-diasporic studies. Almost everyone else associated with similar research began their investigations decades after Ortiz and in dialogue with his work. Ortiz was one of the first to seriously examine slave and post-abolition black cultures in Cuba. His studies became central to new and more positive discourses surrounding African-derived expression in the mid-20th century that embraced it as national expression for the first time in Latin America. This essay considers Ortiz’s academic career and legacy as regards Afro-Cuban musical study beginning in the early 20th century (when his views were quite dated, even racist) and gradual, progressive changes in his attitudes. Ortiz’s work on music and dance have been underrepresented in existing academic literature, despite the fact that most of his late publications focus on such topics and are considered among his most valuable works. His writings on black heritage provide insight into the struggles within New World societies to overcome the racial/evolutionist ideologies that justified colonial subjugation. His scholarship resonates with broader debates throughout the Americas over the meanings of racial pluralism and the legacy of slavery. And his changing views over the years outline the trajectory of modern Western thought as regards Africa and race, specifically the contributions of Afro-diasporic peoples, histories, and cultures to New World societies.

scholarly journals An archaeological reconstruction of Saqqaq bows, darts, harpoons, and lances

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjarne Grønnow
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
New World ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Complex Material ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Archaeological Reconstruction ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Small Tool

Abstract Permafrost-preserved materials from two Saqqaq sites (ca. 3900-2600 BP) in Disko Bay, West Greenland, have provided unique insight into woodworking in the early Arctic Small Tool tradition. Use of driftwood played a decisive role in the complex material culture of Saqqaq society, and analyses of more than 15,000 artifacts, fragments, and wood shavings enable us to reconstruct the woodworking processes and all categories of toolkits. This article presents an archaeological reconstruction of the remarkably diverse and technologically advanced Saqqaq hunting toolkit, which includes darts, harpoons, lances, and bows and arrows—among the earliest preserved specimens in the New World.

Characterization of bovine MHC DRB3 diversity in Latin American Creole cattle breeds

Gene ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 519 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Giovambattista ◽  
Shin-nosuke Takeshima ◽  
Maria Veronica Ripoli ◽  
Yuki Matsumoto ◽  
Luz Angela Alvarez Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Creole Cattle

scholarly journals Kitab-ı Bahriye (Book of Navigation), Commemoration of the Pîrî Reis and Understand His World Map of 1513

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Aytaç Yürükçü
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
New World ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Reference Book ◽  
Major Work ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Valuable Data ◽  
Famous Scientist ◽  
Long Duration

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Many literary or scientific works had reached immortality by either its content or the author. Without a shadow of a doubt, Pîrî Reis' major work, a navigation book titled Kitab-ı Bahriye is one of those works that are passed down from generation to generation, light the way of historical process with the intense knowledge it contains, and guide researches and navigators. In Kitab-ı Bahriye which was written as a guide for navigators, sea towns are plotted in maps, bays are denoted, and information about ports for ships to berth, shoals, castles and habitants of these places are given. Furthermore, this work, as a reference book, has a very important place for geographical discoveries where experiences and fund of scientific knowledge accumulated for ages were verified and transmitted through generations in great detail. Kitab-ı Bahriye and world map of Pîrî Reis dated 1513 is not only a source for discoveries, navigation, cartography and cartography works but also it contains important and valuable data about word history and experiences, myths, values and historical positions of societies in 16th century. So much so that information in the book is ranging from Aegean and Red Sea to China Sea, from Indian Ocean to Japanese Sea.</p><p>In this article, it will be focused on how Pîrî Reis plotted such a precious map in that ages, from which books and works he got inspired while working on it, in which coasts he made observations and how he used these observations on his world map of 1513 and his unique work called Kitab-ı Bahriye. Being able to be studied by researchers after centuries, these two precious works also draw attention to how this kind of documents can be protected carefully for long duration in archives and museums. Lastly, with the examination of maps and drawings that have a past of 506 years, it is aimed at to understand mind world and all works of famous scientist Pîrî Reis who was commemorated by UNESCO in 2013 better and to share his impressions about new world geography in detail with researchers.</p>

scholarly journals Topique du cannibalisme et ensauvagement de l’Africain dans les discours européens

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 51-76
Author(s):  
Catherine Gallouët
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Travel Narratives ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century

In descriptions of European travel narratives since the 16th century, representations of the African are indistinguishable from those of other "savages" whose newly discovered lives both fascinate and repel. In the 18th century, even as allusions to New World cannibalism tended to dissipate, and the image of the "good savage" developed, the cannibalistic discourse on Africa continued to expand. This work proposes to observe how it emerges and spreads in European texts. In other words, the formation of this discourse on the other will be questionned in order to perhaps understand how it became fixated on the African: imaginary discourse, no doubt, but whose contagion still contaminates today’s perception of Blackness as otherness, and informs the persistent discourse of his perceived wildness.

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