scholarly journals The application of rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) for studying dynamics of the bacterial community and metabolome in rumen fluid and the effects of a challenge with Clostridium perfringens

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e0192256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie U. Wetzels ◽  
Melanie Eger ◽  
Marion Burmester ◽  
Lothar Kreienbrock ◽  
Amir Abdulmawjood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Simulation Technique

PSIX-5 Diet is more powerful than age in shaping the rumen bacterial community and function of dairy cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 444-444
Author(s):  
YangYi Hao ◽  
Shuai Huang ◽  
Shengli Li
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Rumen Bacteria ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Diet ◽  
High Fiber Diet ◽  
And Function

Abstract The objective was to understand the effects of diet and age on the rumen bacterial community and function, 48 dairy cattle were selected. Rumen fluid samples were collected from each animal at 1.5 (1.5M, milk and starter diet, n=8), 6 (6M, starter and oat grass, n=8), 9 (9M, high fiber diet, n=8), 18 (18M, high fiber diet, n=8), 23 (23M, high fiber diet, n=8) and 27 (27M, high grain diet, n=8) months old. The acetate/propionate ratio (A/P) at M9, M18, and M23 were significantly higher than M27 and M1.5 (P < 0.05), while the A/P at M6 was lower than others (P < 0.05). The total volatile fatty acid at M23 and M27 was higher than others (P < 0.05). The urease at M18 was significantly lower than M1.5, M6, and M9 (P < 0.05), and the xylanase at M18 was significantly higher than M1.5, M23, and M27 (P < 0.05). 16S rRNA sequencing data and the Linear discriminant analysis showed that thirty-three bacteria were identified as biomarkers among ages and diets. The age and diet contributed 7.98% and 32.49% to the rumen bacteria community using the variation partitioning approach analysis. The norank_f_p-251-o5 was significantly and positively correlated with age (r = 0.83, P < 0.01), while Eubacterium was significantly and negatively correlated with age (r = -0.84, P < 0.01). Dietary fiber showed a strong correlation (r > 0.80, P < 0.01) with Lachnospiraceae, NK4A214_group, Saccharofermentans, Clostridia, Pseudobutyrivibrio Bacteroidales_UCG-001. These genera also negatively correlated with dietary crude protein and starch (r < - 0.80, P < 0.01). All these bacteria were significantly correlated with A/P, acetate, and urease (r > 0.5, P < 0.05). These findings collectively indicated that diet drives the great ability to shape the rumen bacteria community and function than age.

scholarly journals Altitude influences microbial diversity and herbage fermentation in the rumen of yaks

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingshan Fan ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
Tianhai Yan ◽  
Fujiang Hou
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽  
Rumen Microbiota ◽  
Principal Coordinates

Abstract Background Rumen microbiota in ruminants are vital for sustaining good rumen ecology, health, and productivity. Currently, limited information is available regarding the response of yaks (Bos grunniens) to fluctuating environments, especially the rumen microbiome. To address this, we investigated the diet, rumen bacterial community, and volatile fatty acids (VFA) of rumen fluid of yaks raised in the great Qinghai-Tibet plateau (QTP) at 2800 (low altitude, L), 3700 (middle altitude, M), and 4700 m (high altitude, H) above sea level. Results The results showed that despite a partial diet overlap, H yaks harbored higher fibrous fractious contents than the M and L grazing yaks. Bacteria including Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Ruminococcus_1, Romboutsia, Alloprevotella, Eubacterium coprostanoligenes, Clostridium, Streptococcus, and Treponema were found to be enriched in the rumen of yaks grazing at H. They also showed higher rumen microbial diversity and total VFA concentrations than those shown by yaks at M and L. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) on weighted UniFrac distances revealed that the bacterial community structure of rumen differed between the three altitudes. Moreover, Tax4fun metagenome estimation revealed that microbial genes associated with energy requirement and carbohydrate metabolic fate were overexpressed in the rumen microbiota of H yaks. Conclusions Collectively, our results revealed that H yaks had a stronger herbage fermenting ability via rumen microbial fermentation. Their enhanced ability of utilizing herbage may be partly owing to a microbiota adaptation for more energy requirements in the harsh H environment, such as lower temperature and the risk of hypoxia.

Metagenome analyses reveal the role of Clostridium perfringens in alfalfa silage anaerobic deterioration

2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingli Zheng ◽  
Dongze Niu ◽  
Di Jiang ◽  
Rongrong Li ◽  
Lin Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Microbial Community Analyses ◽  
Alfalfa Silage

ABSTRACT The clostridial fermentation caused by the outgrowth of Clostridia was mainly responsible for the silage anaerobic deterioration. Our previous results showed that Clostridium perfringens dominated the clostridial community in poor-fermented alfalfa silage. This study was conducted to further examine the role of C. perfringens in silage anaerobic deterioration through fermentation products and the microbial community analyses. Direct-cut alfalfa was ensiled with C. perfringens contamination (CKC) or with the addition of Lactobacillus plantarum, sucrose and C. perfringens (LSC). Contamination with C. perfringens enhanced the clostridial fermentation in CKC silage, as indicated by high contents of butyric acid, ammonia nitrogen and Clostridia, while LSC silage was well preserved. The genera Bifidobacterium, Garciella and Clostridium dominated the bacterial community in CKC silage, while predominate genus was replaced by Lactobacillus in LSC silage. The clostridial community in CKC silage was dominated by Garciella sp. (26.9 to 58.1%) and C. tyrobutyricum (24.4 to 48.6%), while the relative abundance of C. perfringens was below 5.0%. Therefore, the effect of Clostridia contamination on ensiling fermentation was dependent on the ensilability of the silage material. Garciella sp. and C. tyrobutyricum, rather than C. perfringens, played dominant role in the clostridial fermentation in CKC silage.

Analysis of bacterial community in rumen fluid of cattle supplemented with different protein and energy sources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Trong Ngu ◽  
Luu Huynh Anh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hong Nhan ◽  
Nguyen Van Hon ◽  
Nguyen Thiet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Energy Sources

Goats fed with non-protein nitrogen: ruminal bacterial community and ruminal fermentation, intake, digestibility and nitrogen balance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A.S.M. Lopes ◽  
J.S. de Oliveira ◽  
E.M. Santos ◽  
A.N. Medeiros ◽  
P.E.N. Givisiez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Buffel Grass

Abstract The current study assessed ruminal fermentation parameters and bacterial community, nutrient intake, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance of goats fed diets containing buffel grass hay and ruminal ammonia nitrogen (N-NH3). Five rumen-cannulated mixed-breed castrated adult goats (45 ± 2.3 kg) were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design represented by five N-NH3 levels (3.43, 9.95, 17.2, 23.0 and 33.7 mg/dl). Control animals were fed hay exclusively. Other treatments were represented by ruminal infusion composed of a mixture containing urea, ammonium sulphate and casein. The increasing N-NH3 concentrations did not affect rumen fluid pH, which averaged 6.43. Rumen ammoniacal nitrogen increased linearly in response to N-NH3. Volatile fatty acids were not affected by increasing N-NH3 concentrations. A higher abundance of Ruminococcaceae (Ruminococcus 1, Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 and Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group) was observed in the rumen of goats infused with higher concentrations of N-NH3 (17.2 and 33.7 mg/dl N-NH3). There was a quadratic effect (P < 0.050) of N-NH3 levels on neutral detergent fibre intake with maximum values estimated at 13.7 mg/dl N-NH3. Nutrient intake, nitrogen excretion and nitrogen balance presented a positive linear effect (P < 0.050). In conclusion, 3.43 mg/dl of N-NH3 is the minimum level to maintain microbial activity, whereas the recommended level to optimize the microbial community is 14.5 mg/dl of N-NH3 in the rumen of goats fed buffel grass.

scholarly journals Effects of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Fermentation Products on the Microbial Community throughout the Gastrointestinal Tract of Calves

Animals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijun Cao ◽  
Jianxin Xiao ◽  
Gibson Alugongo ◽  
Shoukun Ji ◽  
Zhaohai Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cedar Rapids

The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products (SCFP) on improving growth and health of calves could be attributed to the ability of SCFP to modulate the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). However, the changes in microbial community along the gut in calves supplemented with SCFP have not been investigated extensively. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of SCFP on microbial communities in each sites of GIT using high-throughput sequencing technique. Fifteen Holstein male calves were used and randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 treatments including a calf starter containing 0 (Control, CON), 0.5 (SCFP1) or 1% SCFP (SCFP2, Original XPC, Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA, USA) of dry matter from day 4 to 56. The supplemented calves were fed with an additional 1 g/d SCFP (SmartCare, Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA, USA) in milk from day 2 to 30. Rumen fluid was sampled at day 28 of age via esophageal tube. All calves were slaughtered and gastrointestinal samples collected on day 56. Inclusion of SCFP increased the microbial species richness in the large intestine. The SCFP also affected the bacterial community at an early age in the rumen and later in rectum microbiota. Supplementation of SCFP stimulated colonization by fibrolytic bacteria (Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae) in rumen and large intestine, respectively. No differences were found between SCFP1 and SCFP2. This is the first study to analyze the effect of SCFP on bacterial community of the GIT microbiota in calves. The results provide the basic bacterial community information, which helps us understand the mechanism of action of SCFP for improving the health and performance of pre-weaning calf.

Bacterial community dynamics in a rumen fluid bioreactor during in-vitro cultivation

2016 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Zapletalová ◽  
Jitka Kašparovská ◽  
Ludmila Křížová ◽  
Tomáš Kašparovský ◽  
Omar Šerý ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Bacterial Community Dynamics

scholarly journals Is polyethylene glycol innocuous to the rumen bacterial community? A preliminary in vitro study

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 990 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Belenguer ◽  
G. Hervás ◽  
P. G. Toral ◽  
M. Fondevila ◽  
P. Frutos
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Nutritional Studies

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is a polymer that is widely used in nutritional studies examining the effect of tannins on ruminal fermentation. There is no information however on its potential effect on the structure of the rumen bacterial community. Therefore, the aim herein was to investigate its effect on rumen bacterial profile, using an in vitro batch culture experiment with three substrates (alfalfa hay, maize grain, and a combination of both) to simulate three different rumen environments, treated with or without PEG. Rumen fluid was collected from four cannulated sheep and pooled to inoculate the cultures, which were run at 39°C for 22 h. At the end of the incubation, samples were immediately frozen for microbial DNA extraction. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16S rRNA genes revealed that, although there was a high similarity in the fragments detected in the cultures with or without PEG, their relative abundances suggested that PEG might induce some changes in the bacterial community structure when a starch-rich substrate (e.g. maize) is assayed. Furthermore, the relative frequency of some abundant fragments, such as one compatible with bacteria of the phylum Bacteroidetes detected with the enzyme HhaI, and another that may match microorganisms of the genus Ruminococcus obtained with the enzyme MspI, was increased when PEG was added to maize-supplied microbial cultures. These results suggest that the use of PEG in batch cultures may not be as innocuous to rumen bacterial populations as previously described regarding ruminal fermentation, and might be relevant to studies using this polymer to examine the effect of tannins on rumen microbiota.

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