scholarly journals Clinician-researcher’s perspectives on clinical research during the COVID19 pandemic

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243525
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Silverberg ◽  
Lisa M. Puchalski Ritchie ◽  
Nina Gobat ◽  
Alistair Nichol ◽  
Srinivas Murthy

Objectives The outcome of well-performed clinical research is essential for evidence-based patient management during pandemics. However, conducting clinical research amidst a pandemic requires researchers to balance clinical and research demands. We seek to understand the values, experiences, and beliefs of physicians working at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to inform clinical research planning. We aim to understand whether pandemic settings affect physician comfort with research practices, and how physician experiences shape their understanding of research in a pandemic setting. Methods A survey tool was adapted to evaluate familiarity and comfort with research during a pandemic. A cross-sectional, online questionnaire was distributed across Canadian research networks early in the COVID-19 outbreak. The survey was administered between March 11th and 17th, 2020, during a time of local transmission but prior to the surge of cases. We aimed to recruit into the survey physicians in infectious disease and critical care research networks across Canada. Results Of the 133 physician respondents, 131 (98%) considered it important to conduct clinical research during the COVID-19 pandemic. Respondents were more accepting of adaptations to the research process in during a pandemic compared to in a non-pandemic setting, including conducting research with deferred consent (χ2 = 8.941, 95% CI: -0.264, -0.085, p = 0.003), using non-identifiable observational data with a waiver of consent with a median score of 97 out of 100 (IQR: 79.25–100) vs median 87 out of 100 (IQR: 63–79) (95% CI: -12.43, 0.054, p = 0.052). The majority felt that research quality is not compromised during pandemics. Conclusions Physicians consider it important to conduct research during a pandemic, highlighting the need to expedite research activities in pandemic settings. Respondents were more accepting of adaptations to the research process for research conducted during a pandemic, compared to that conducted in its absence of a pandemic.

Author(s):  
Robin Lee ◽  
Karen Dahri ◽  
Tim T Y Lau ◽  
Stephen Shalansky

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Few studies have attempted to determine the proportion of Canadian hospital pharmacists involved in clinical research, despite a general consensus that research should be an essential component of a pharmacist’s professional role.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The primary objective was to characterize the involvement in clinical pharmacy research of hospital pharmacists in the 4 health authorities of the Lower Mainland of British Columbia (collectively known as the Lower Mainland Pharmacy Services). The secondary objective was to identify perceived barriers to conducting research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pharmacists employed within Lower Mainland Pharmacy Services were invited to participate in an online cross-sectional survey, for completion in August and September 2015. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the results. Groups of survey participants were compared to examine differences in measured outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 534 pharmacists were surveyed, with a response rate of 16% (85/534). Overall, 77% (55/71) of the respondents reported having participated in research, and 87% (62/71) expressed interest in conducting future research. Chart reviews (78%, 36/46) and surveys (41%, 19/46) were the most common study designs used in prior research. Participants self-identified their research-related strengths as literature evaluation (46%, 27/59) and hypothesis generation (44%, 26/59). Conversely, 81% (48/59) of respondents self-identified statistical analysis as a weakness. Most respondents stated that personal satisfaction (82%, 49/60) and the opportunity to learn about disease states (78%, 47/60) were the driving factors for conducting research. The most commonly cited barrier to conducting research was lack of time (92%, 55/60). Opportunities to join existing teams (73%, 44/60) and mentorship programs (70%, 42/60) were identified as the most popular arrangements for encouraging future research.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most of the pharmacists who responded to this survey reported having participated in clinical pharmacy research, but a lack of dedicated time appears to be a major hurdle to greater research participation. A targeted program increasing exposure to existing research teams and mentorship opportunities is recommended for promoting future research.</p><p><strong>RÉSUMÉ</strong></p><p><strong>Contexte : </strong>Peu d’études ont cherché à déterminer la proportion de “pharmaciens d’hôpitaux canadiens qui contribuent à la recherché clinique, et ce, malgré un consensus voulant que la recherche doive être un élément essentiel du rôle professionnel des pharmaciens.</p><p><strong>Objectifs : </strong>L’objectif principal était d’offrir un portrait de la contribution à la recherche sur la pharmacie clinique des pharmaciens d’hôpitaux des quatre régies régionales des basses-terres continentales de la Colombie-Britannique (appelées collectivement <em>Lower Mainland Pharmacy Services</em>, c.-à-d. services de pharmacie des basses-terres continentales). L’objectif secondaire était de recenser les éléments perçus comme des obstacles à la réalisation de recherches.</p><p><strong>Méthodes : </strong>Les pharmaciens employés au sein des services de pharmacie des basses-terres continentales ont été invités à participer par voie électronique à une enquête transversale qui devait être complétée en août et en septembre 2015. Des statistiques descriptives ont été employées pour analyser les résultats. On a aussi comparé des groupes de participants à l’enquête afin d’examiner les différences entre les résultats mesurés.</p><p><strong>Résultats : </strong>Au total, 534 pharmaciens ont été sondés et le taux de réponse était de 16 % (85/534). Dans l’ensemble, 77 % (55/71) des répondants indiquaient avoir participé à des recherches et 87 % (62/71) souhaitaient faire de la recherche dans l’avenir. L’analyse de dossiers médicaux (78 %, 36/46) et les sondages (41 %, 19/46) représentaient les plans d’étude les plus utilisés par les répondants au cours de recherches antérieures. Les participants ont indiqué que leurs forces en lien avec la recherche étaient leur capacité d’évaluer la littérature (46 %, 27/59) et de formuler des hypothèses (44 %, 26/59). En revanche, 81 % (48/59) ont signalé l’analyse statistique comme leur point faible. La plupart des répondants croyaient que la satisfaction personnelle (82 %, 49/60) et la perspective d’acquérir des connaissances sur les maladies (78 %, 47/60) représentaient les principaux facteurs les motivant à faire de la recherche. Ce qui était évoqué le plus souvent comme un obstacle à la recherche était le manqué de temps (92 %, 55/60). Les occasions de se joindre à des équipes en place (73 %, 44/60) et les programmes de mentorat (70 %, 42/60) ont été désignés comme les dispositions les plus attrayantes pour encourager à poursuivre de futures recherches.</p><strong>Conclusions : </strong>La plupart des pharmaciens ayant répondu au sondage ont indiqué avoir contribué à des recherches en pharmacie clinique, mais le manque de temps réservé pour la recherche semblait être un obstacle important à une plus grande participation aux activités de recherche. Un programme ciblé multipliant les possibilités de fréquenter des équipes de recherche déjà établies et offrant plus d’occasions de mentorat serait une façon de promouvoir de futures recherches.


Author(s):  
Sukhmeen Kaur Johar ◽  
Deepali L. Jaybhaye ◽  
Shruti Chandra ◽  
Prashant S. Mishra

Background: Clinical research is a component of medical and health research that facilitates valuable knowledge regarding diagnosis, prevention as well as treatment of a disease. Nowadays, the practise of medicine is evidence-based and combining medical education with clinical research provides a channel for translating scientifically advanced knowledge into better public health. The aim of the study was to assess knowledge (K), attitude (A), and practices (P) about clinical research among post graduate medical students.Methods: After obtaining institutional ethics committee approval, a cross-sectional and questionnaire-based study was conducted. A pre-structured and validated KAP questionnaire comprising of 25 questions (knowledge-15, attitude-5 and practices-5) was shared online through google forms with post graduate students. The responses to the questions were later marked correct or incorrect. The data was collected and compiled using Microsoft excel and expressed in percentage (%). Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0.Results: 102 students responded to the questionnaire completely. Out of which males (55.9%) pre-dominated and majority of the PG students belonged to I year accounting for 40.2%. About 61.76% PG students were aware about a clinical research unit in the college. Majority of the students acknowledged the necessity of conducting clinical research and exhibited good knowledge about key concepts of clinical trials.  Even responses to questions pertaining to attitude towards clinical research were also majorly positive. On the contrary, more than 90% students had neither attended any workshop on ICH-GCP guidelines nor registered their academic study under clinical trial registry of India. However, 73.5% of them expressed their willingness to participate in a clinical trial in future.Conclusions: Although, assessment of knowledge and attitudes about clinical research among post graduate students showed positive results but discrepancies were observed in its practise. As such, this necessitates incorporation of clinical research activities into existing medical education system.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Aman Saini ◽  
Colleen Cochran ◽  
Audrey Zucker-Levin ◽  
Sarah J. Donkers ◽  
Pawan Kumar ◽  
...  

Background. Knowledge translation (KT) models that represent an individual’s perspective are a sign of effective KT. Some common challenges in KT include participant engagement, organization of the team, and time demands of the participants. We implemented a unique tripartite KT program to (1) share current research, (2) inform persons living with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) about the clinical research process, and (3) invite pwMS to immediately participate in clinical research. The primary aim was to determine participants’ perspectives on the value and acceptability of an experiential research program offered at a patient and family educational conference. Methods. A team of researchers identified factors that would impact the logistics of hosting an experiential research program at a conference and designed a unique tripartite KT program. The local multiple sclerosis (MS) society was engaged to select an appropriate location and invite stakeholders to the conference. A survey to determine participants’ perspectives on the value and acceptability of the experiential research program was developed and analyzed. Results. 65 pwMS attended the conference, and 44 (67.7%) participated in the on-site experiential research program. 72.7% of the participants completed the survey, of which 93.8% stated that they strongly agree or agree with the following statements: “Did you feel like participating in research today was a valuable experience to you?” and “Did you feel like you were contributing to MS research?” 100% of the participants agreed or strongly agreed when asked “would you like to see more research activities taking place at these kinds of events?” Conclusions. This paper describes the logistics and challenges of conducting an experiential KT program, which proved to be rewarding for pwMS. The majority of pwMS attending the conference agreed to participate in the on-site experiential research program and an overwhelming majority of participants felt the experience was valuable.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuting Xiao ◽  
Honghui Zhang ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
Shan Xiao ◽  
Ting Dai ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND Nurses are at high risk of psychological distress including stress, depression, and anxiety due to low personnel density and high work demand. Despite mounting evidence showing that role stress is a risk factor for nurses’ psychological distress, the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship are less known. OBJECTIVE This study tests the mediation effect of burnout in the association between role stress and psychological distress, and whether this mediation is moderated by social support. METHODS A sample of 623 Chinese nurses was recruited from all hepatological surgery departments in Hunan Province and filled out online questionnaire through Sojum (a most commonly used professional online survey tool) to collect data on socio-demographics, role stress, burnout, psychological distress, and social support. Mediation and moderation analyses were carried out in SPSS macro-PROCESS. RESULTS Burnout partially mediated the positive association between role stress and psychological distress. Social support moderated the indirect effect of role stress on psychological distress via burnout, with the effect being stronger for nurses with low social support than those with high social support. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated how role stress contributed to nurses’ psychological distress both directly and indirectly through burnout, and how this indirect effect was moderated by social support. The results provide important practical implications for future prevention and intervention programs to improve nurses’ mental health from multiple aspects such as decreasing role stress and burnout while increasing social support.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-197
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Khosravi ◽  
Afsaneh Mehri ◽  
Sama Jabbaripour ◽  
Fatemeh Kazemi ◽  
Zahra Khosravi ◽  
...  

Background: Research activities promote the appreciation for evidence-based medicine (EBM), quality patient care and clinical competence of resident physicians. We decided to investigate the research background of Iranian neurological surgery residents and their attitude toward research through a survey. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on Iranian neurological surgery resident physicians between February and April 2020. We provided an online survey, including 13 questions, using Google form and then sent the link to survey via WhatsApp application. Following the first post, two more reminders were sent to the groups after 2 and 4 weeks. Results: Responses were received from 89 respondents from which about 88% used to spend two hours or less per week for research. Almost equal numbers of resident physicians chose academic position (n=43) or private practice (n=39) as their future job. Only seven respondents stated immigration for assumed future job position. Clinical research (47%) was the most frequent type of research done by participants and clinical research education (43.2%) during medical school was the most common way of obtaining research experience. Agreement with doing research during residency program (45.6%) was more than disagreement (22.4%) and neutral attitude (32%). Conclusion: There is a low tendency among Iranian neurological surgery residents for conducting research projects during their programs. Lack of a proper research curriculum, heavy clinical duties and consequent shortage of time as well as insufficient encouraging points, are the main reasons. Designing a research plan for residency programs may successfully increase the research involvement rate.


Author(s):  
Dhian Tyas Untari ◽  
Rini Wijayaningsih ◽  
Bintang Narpati ◽  
Tyna Yunita

This study aims to look at the GAP between lecturers' perceptions and preferences related to research activities and publications. Question material related to Perception and Preference aspects. Before the workshop, a questionnaire was given to assess the Perception aspect, then after the workshop, respondents were again given the same question to assess the Preference aspect. The data is in the form of cross sectional and is processed using descriptive statistics and GAP analysis models. Before conducting research and publication workshops, lecturers' interests and perceptions were still very minimal. But after the activities of the Lecturer began to be interested and interested in researching and publicizing. As a suggestion, this activity should be carried out continuously and continued with assistance so that the developed interest can be implemented in real activities.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Vennu ◽  
Saurabh Dahiya

BACKGROUND Although a few studies examined possible problems regarding the previous clinical trial regulatory guideline issued in 2016, no study investigated the awareness and opinions of researchers about the new regulatory guidelines issued in 2019. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the Indian researchers’ knowledge and views regarding India’s new drug and clinical trial rules of 2019. METHODS A cross-sectional online questionnaire study was carried out by randomly selecting various Indian researchers (men and women) from multiple sources between July 2019 and September 2019. The survey questionnaires, which had already been validated, were developed using Google Forms. A web link was generated for participants to take the survey. Descriptive statistics, such as counts and percentages or means and standard deviations, were computed to describe the demographic characteristics, knowledge, and views of Indian researchers. RESULTS Out of 106 researchers, 75 researchers (70.8%), and 65 their managers, and clinical staff (61.3%) knew the new regulations. Further, 36 (63.2%), 32 (53.1%), and 31 (54.5%) researchers were agreed with the reduction in the timeline, free post-trial drug access, and welcoming equality, respectively. Further, 37 researchers (64.9%) agreed with the new changes on how to deal with severe adverse effects and compensation. Overall, 34 researchers (59.6%) accepted the new rules. Additionally, 71 researchers (67%) said that the new regulations would mostly impact on profit clinical trial studies. Generally, 91 researchers (87.5%) deemed that the new rules are highly favorable to the promotion of clinical research in India. CONCLUSIONS The majority of researchers have the knowledge, agreed with the changes and deemed that the new regulations of 2019 are highly favorable to the promotion of clinical research in India.


Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
Akasha Ahmad ◽  
Ayesha Ashraf ◽  
Zara Imtiaz ◽  
Abdulaziz Albalwi ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND: Physiotherapists (PTs) play an important role in the well-being and physical rehabilitation of patients with long term health problems. It is important that PTs follow recommended practices that minimize the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection in providing Outpatient Physiotherapy services. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of COVID-19 among the PTs and evaluate the state of implementation of best practices in Outpatient Physiotherapy to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections during the ongoing pandemic. METHODS: A self-administered online questionnaire consisting of three sections, including section one on demographic information, section two on evaluating knowledge about SARS-CoV-2 and section three on implementing best practices as a survey tool for collecting data from physiotherapist working in Lahore and Faisalabad in Punjab, Pakistan. RESULTS: A total of 216 completed surveys were received. Correct responses to different questions devised to test the participants’ knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 varied from 58.3% to 99% . The implementation of best practices to prevent the infection transmission in the Outpatient Physiotherapy ranged from 22.7% to 92.1% for different domains. The age of the PTs and OPD setting were associated significantly with the PTs’ knowledge of COVID-19 and also with the state of implementation of recommended practices to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections in the Outpatient Physiotherapy (p <  .05). CONCLUSION: The majority of the PTs, particularly those working in the clinic setting, possessed a good knowledge of COVID-19 and implemented best practices in their Outpatient Physiotherapy at a good level. However, efforts should be directed towards further improving the knowledge of PTs and ensuring implementation of best practices in Outpatient Physiotherapy, particularly in government and private hospitals.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blaise Kiyimba ◽  
Linda Atulinda ◽  
Racheal Nalunkuma ◽  
Ignatius Asasira ◽  
Jonathan Kabunga ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Involvement of undergraduate health professions students (HPS) in research will facilitate evidence-based clinical practice among future healthcare partitioners. This study aimed to assess research involvement of undergraduate students and associated factors in Uganda.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online assessment tool sent through WhatsApp groups and E-mail addresses of HPS in 12 medical schools in Uganda between 20th September and 5th October 2021.Results: We enrolled 398 participants with a mean age of 23.9±3.7 years. Of this, 267 (67.1%) were male. One hundred twenty (30.2%) participants previously participated in a research activity: 90 (58.4%) as research assistants, 39 (25.3%) published as first authors, and 25 (16.2%) as co-authors. Training on the conduct of research was received by242 (65.8%) participants, and 326 (81.9%) had intentions of conducting research in the future. Factors influencing participation in research activities were, age ³ 25 years (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.9, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.2‑3.2, p=0.012), being male (aOR: 2.1, 95%CI: 1.2 - 3.6, p=0.008), and being in a clinical year i.e., year 3 (aOR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.1 -9.3, p=0.033), year 4 (aOR: 3.3, 95% CI: 1.1 - 9.5, p=0.028) and year 5(aOR: 11.6, 95% CI: 3.2 - 42.1, p<0.001). Lack of funds (79.6%), and mentorship (63.3%) were reported as major barriers to research.Conclusions: Despite a high proportion of HPS showing interest in getting involved in research, less than one-third reported previous involvement. Addressing barriers such as funding could potentially improve research involvement and output among undergraduate HPS in resource-limited settings.


Author(s):  
Katarzyna Dubas-Jakóbczyk ◽  
Alicja Domagała ◽  
Dorota Kiedik ◽  
Juan Nicolás Peña-Sánchez

Introduction: University hospitals constitute a unique group of health care organizations which traditionally link three functions: (1) providing highly specialized services, (2) teaching activities, and (3) conducting research. Objectives: To assess the level of carrier satisfaction among physicians working in three university hospitals in Poland (1); to assess whether the physicians have the intention to migrate and what the main reasons for migration are (2); and to identify the actions that might be taken at the hospital level to mitigate physicians’ intentions to migrate (3). Methods: Cross-sectional study with both quantitative and qualitative components. In the quantitative part, an online questionnaire was distributed among physicians working in three university hospitals. A total number of 396 questionnaires were analyzed. In the qualitative part, in-depth interviews with six hospital managers were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: On a scale from one “very dissatisfied” to six “very satisfied”, the mean career satisfaction of physicians was 4.0 (SD = 0.74). The item with the lowest mean concerned salary level (2.8, SD = 1.41). In the sample, 34% of physicians declared intentions to migrate from Poland. The main reasons for the intention to migrate were: Better working conditions abroad, higher earnings, the ability to maintain better work-life balance, better training opportunities abroad, and problems due to a stressful current workplace. Hospital managers considered the actions that can be taken at the hospital level to mitigate physicians’ migration to be specific to those focused on the working environment. Conclusions: Career development opportunities and features related to the working environment are the main factors influencing physicians’ satisfaction and migration intentions that can be modified at the university hospital level.


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