scholarly journals Are Ethiopian diabetic patients protected from financial hardship?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245839
Author(s):  
Gebeyehu Tsega ◽  
Gebremariam Getaneh ◽  
Getasew Taddesse
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Financial Hardship ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Care

Background Globally, diabetes mellitus exerts an economic burden on patients and their families. However, the economic burden of diabetes mellitus and its associated factors were not well studied in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the economic burden of diabetes mellitus and its associated factors among diabetic patients in public hospitals of Bahir Dar city administration, Ethiopia. Methods Across sectional study was conducted on 422 diabetic patients. The patients were selected by simple random sampling method. The prevalence-based model was used to estimate the costs on patients’ perspective. Bottom up and human capital approaches were used to estimate the direct and indirect costs of the patients respectively. Wealth index was constructed using principal component analysis by SPSS. Forty percent of nonfood threshold level was used to measure catastrophic diabetic care expenditure of diabetic patients. Whereas, the World Bank poverty line (the $1.90-a-day poverty line) was used to measure impoverishment of patients due to expenses of diabetes mellitus care. Data were entered by Epi data version 3.1and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Simple and multiple logistic regressions were used. Results Four hundred one respondents were interviewed with response rate of 95%. We found that 239 (59.6%) diabetic patients incurred catastrophic diabetic care expenditure at 40% nonfood threshold level. Whereas, 20 (5%) diabetic patients were impoverished by diabetic care spending at the $1.90-a-day poverty line. Educational status of respondent, educational status of the head of household, occupation and wealth status were statistically associated with the catastrophic diabetic care expenditure. Conclusions The study revealed that the economic burden of diabetic care is very disastrous among the less privileged populations: the less educated, the poorest and unemployed. Therefore, all concerned stakeholders should design ways that can reduce the financial hardship of diabetic care among diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemia Prevention Practice and Associated Factors Among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Following at Public Hospitals of Central Zone, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebrewahd Bezabh Gebremichael ◽  
Teklewoini Mariye Zemichael
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Hypoglycemia is an acute medical situation that occurs when blood sugar falls below the recommended level. Even though, hypoglycemia prevention practice in the management of diabetes mellitus is one cornerstone in controlling the effect of hypoglycemia, hypoglycemia prevention practice among patients with diabetes mellitus is insufficiently studied. Moreover, the existed scarce literature in Ethiopia revealed hypoglycemia prevention practice is inadequate. Thus, this study tried to assess hypoglycemia prevention practices and associated factors among diabetic patients. Methods Hospital-based, cross-sectional study design was employed from April one to March one 2018 in Central Zone of Tigray Regional state of Ethiopia. A total of 272 diabetes mellitus patients were selected by systematic random sampling method from study area. The collected data was checked for its completeness and then entered into Epi data version 3.1 then cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Binary logistic regression model (AOR, 95% CI and p-value < 0.05) was used to determine the predictors of hypoglycemia prevention practice. Results the mean age of respondents was 52.19 years and about 100 (63.2%) had good hypoglycemia prevention practice. Knowledge regarding hypoglycemia [AOR = 10.34; 95% CI [5.41, 19.89]], having a glucometer at home [AOR=3. 02; 95% CI [1.12, 8.12]], attitude regarding diabetes mellitus [AOR = 2.36 CI [1.26, 4.39]], being governmental employee [AOR=5. 19, 95% CI [1.63, 16.58]] and being divorced [AOR = 0.13, 95% CI [0.32, 0.53]] were found significantly associated with good hypoglycemia prevention practice. Conclusion Around two third of the study participants were found to have good hypoglycemia prevention practice. Good knowledge and favorable attitude toward diabetes mellitus, having glucometer at home, being governmental employee and divorced were found to be the predictors of good hypoglycemia prevention practice.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemia Prevention Practice and Associated Factors among Diabetic Patients on Follow-Up at Public Hospitals of Central Zone, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Gebrewahd Bezabh Gebremichael ◽  
Teklewoini Mariye Zemicheal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Communication Program

Background. Hypoglycemia is an acute medical situation that occurs when blood glucose level falls below 70 mg/dl. Although prevention of hypoglycemia is one cornerstone in the management of diabetes mellitus, its prevention practice among patients with diabetes mellitus is insufficiently studied. Moreover, the existed scarce literature in Ethiopia revealed hypoglycemia prevention practice is inadequate. Thus, this study tried to assess hypoglycemia prevention practices and associated factors among diabetic patients. Methods. Hospital-based cross-sectional study design was employed from March 1 to April 1, 2018, in the central zone of Tigray regional state of Ethiopia. A total of 272 diabetes mellitus patients selected by a systematic random sampling method were included in the study. Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for further analysis. The binary logistic regression model (AOR, 95% CI, and p value < 0.05) was used to determine the predictors of hypoglycemia prevention practice. Results. The mean age of respondents was 43.62 years, and about 100 (63.2%) participants had good hypoglycemia prevention practice. Good knowledge on hypoglycemia (AOR = 10.34; 95% CI [5.41, 19.89]), having a glucometer at home (AOR = 3.02; 95% CI [1.12, 8.12]), favorable attitude towards diabetes mellitus (AOR = 2.36 CI [1.26, 4.39]), and being governmental employee (AOR = 5.19, 95% CI [1.63, 16.58]) were positive predictors of good hypoglycemia prevention practice. However, being divorced (AOR = 0.13, 95% CI [0.32, 0.53]) was found negatively associated with good hypoglycemia prevention practice. Conclusion. Only two-thirds of the study participants were found to have good hypoglycemia prevention practices. Healthcare personnel and Ethiopian diabetic association should promote patients’ attitude towards DM and knowledge on hypoglycemia by strengthening information, education, and communication program. Stakeholders should also try to provide glucometers to diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Self- care practices and associated factors among adult diabetic patients in public hospitals of Dire Dawa administration, Eastern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmare Getie ◽  
Biftu Geda ◽  
Tadesse Alemayhu ◽  
Agenehu Bante ◽  
Zeleke Aschalew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Dire Dawa ◽  
Care Practices

scholarly journals Rate of glycemic control and associated factors among type two diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia: A cross sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251506
Author(s):  
Shambel Nigussie ◽  
Nigussie Birhan ◽  
Firehiwot Amare ◽  
Getnet Mengistu ◽  
Fuad Adem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective To assess the rate of glycemic control and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Dilchora Referral Hospital, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 13 May to 16 August 2019. Type 2 diabetic patients on follow up at Dilchora Referral Hospital who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study were included. Systematic random sampling was used to select study participants. Data was collected by a face-to-face interview and review of medical records. The primary outcome was the level of blood glucose during three consecutive visits. Poor glycemic control was defined as a blood sugar level of more than 154 mg/dL based on the average of measurements from three consecutive visits. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of glycemic control. Result A total of 394 participants responded to the interview and were included in the final analysis. The overall prevalence of poor glycemic control was 45.2% (95%CI: 40.6%-50.0%). Patients who were on oral anti-diabetic drug plus insulin had more than two times greater chance of poor glycemic control than patients on oral anti-diabetic drug alone: 2.177(95%CI:1.10–4.29). The odds of poor glycemic control in patients who did not understand the pharmacist’s instructions was two times higher than patients with good understanding of instructions 1.86(95%CI: 1.10–3.13). Patients who had poor level of practice were found to have poor glycemic control: 1.69(95% CI: 1.13–2.55). Conclusion The overall prevalence of poor glycemic control was high among type 2 diabetes patients. Oral anti-diabetic drugs in combination with insulin, lack of understanding of pharmacist’s advice, and poor practice of diabetic patients were significant factors of poor glycemic control. Pharmacists should reassure the understanding of patients before discharge during counseling. Optimization of the dose of antidiabetic medications and combination of oral hypoglycemic agents should be considered.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Complications of Diabetes Mellitus and its Associated Factors among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Visiting Addis Zemen District Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yitayeh Belsti ◽  
Yonas Akalu ◽  
Haileab Fekadu ◽  
Yaregal Animut
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Addis Zemen ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Objectives: To reduce Diabetes mellitus related morbidity and mortality, knowledge about its complications is necessary. However, there is no information about knowledge of diabetic patients on diabetes mellitus complications in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess knowledge on diabetes complications and its associated factors among Type 2 diabetic patients at Addis Zemen District Hospital, northwest Ethiopia, 2019. Institution based cross sectional study was conducted among 402 type 2 adult diabetes patients at Addis Zemen District Hospital by using interviewer administered structured questionnaires. Results: In this study, less than half (48.5%) with 95%CI (43.3, 52.7) of participants had a good knowledge regarding diabetes complications. Being: male (AOR: 4.67, 95% CI (2.53, 8.61), in the age of 31-45years (AOR: 7.30, 95% CI (3.10, 17.17)) educational level of high school and above (AOR: 7.46, 95%CI (3.02, 18.44)), having monthly income of ≥ 2500 Ethiopian birr (AOR: 7.18, 95%CI (1.70, 30.28)) were significantly associated with good knowledge. This must get the attention of health institutions, the government, and all concerned stakeholders in the health sector to design strategies on increasing diabetes complications knowledge among diabetes patients to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with the complications.

scholarly journals Prevalence of depression, anxiety and associated factors among patients with dental disease attending outpatient department in Addis Ababa public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a multicenter cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekele Seifu ◽  
Niguse Yigzaw ◽  
Kibrom Haile ◽  
Zahira Reshid ◽  
Henock Asfaw
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Dental Disease ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Anxiety and depression are widespread mental health problems in many populations. These problems can be major barriers to dental care and may be led to poor oral health. Objectives To assess prevalence of depression, anxiety and associated factors among patients with dental disease in Addis Ababa public hospitals outpatient department, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from May 06 to June 06, 2019 among patients with dental disease attending outpatient department in Addis Ababa city administration public hospitals. Multistage sampling method was used to select study participants. Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale was used to assess anxiety and depression. Face to face interview was used to collect data and the collected data was entered into EPI data version 3.1 and analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package Software for Social Sciences) version 20. Bi-variable and multivariable binary logistic regression was carried out. Strength of association was determined using odds ratio with 95% CI (Confidence Interval) and p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant association in the final model. Results From the total of 845 participants, 833 were studied with response rate of 98.6%. The median age of the respondent was 32 years with interquartile range (26–41 years). The prevalence of anxiety and depression were found to be 33.9% and 29.2% respectively. Being female [AOR (Adjusted Odds Ratio) 2.70 (95% CI 1.86, 3.89)], tooth extraction [AOR 3.24 (95% CI 2.11, 4.97)], history of repeat visit to dental clinic [AOR 3.21 (95% CI 2.25, 4.58)], chronic disease [AOR 2.95 (95% CI 1.98, 4.38)] and current alcohol use [AOR 3.40 (95% CI 2.28, 5.09)] were significantly associated with anxiety among patients with dental disease. Being female [AOR 2.22 (95% CI 1.53, 3.23)], Elementary educational status [AOR 2.15 (95% CI 1.28, 3.58)], periodontitis [AOR 1.74 (95% CI 1.18, 2.72)],history of repeated visit to dental clinic [AOR 4.07 (95% CI 2.84, 5.84)], current use of alcohol [AOR 4.01 (95% CI 2.68, 6.00)], current cigarette use [AOR 3.15 (95% CI 1.42, 7.00] and irregular tooth brushing [AOR 2.22 (95% CI 1.53, 3.23]were significantly associated with depression among patients with dental disease. Conclusion Anxiety and depression were high among people with dental disease. Tooth extraction and having chronic disease were significantly associated with anxiety. Elementary educational status, periodontitis, current cigarette smoking and irregular tooth brushing pattern were significant association with depression. History of repeat visit to dental clinic, current alcohol use and female sex were significantly associated with both depression and anxiety. Based on the finding of this study early screening and treating of anxiety and depression, also identifying those associated factors are important at dental clinic.

scholarly journals Depression, anxiety, and associated factors in patients with diabetes: evidence from the Anxiety, Depression, and Personality Traits in Diabetes Mellitus (ADAPT-DM) study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Farris Iman Leong Bin Abdullah ◽  
Sy-Cherng Luke Woon ◽  
Hatta Sidi ◽  
Arun Ravindran ◽  
Paula Junggar Gosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Health Related Qol ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background Depression and anxiety are common psychiatric complications affecting patients with diabetes mellitus. However, data on the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and associated factors among Malaysian diabetic patients is scarce. The Anxiety, Depression, and Personality Traits in Diabetes Mellitus (ADAPT-DM) study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and anxiety, and their associated factors in the Malaysian diabetic population. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited 300 diabetic patients via convenience sampling from the Endocrine outpatient clinic of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, a tertiary referral healthcare facility in Kuala Lumpur. Socio-demographic characteristics and clinical history were obtained from each participant. The Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) was administered to assess anxiety symptoms, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to assess depressive symptoms, the Big Five Inventory (BFI) to evaluate personality traits, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) to measure quality of life (QOL). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between various factors, and depression and anxiety. Results The prevalence of depression was 20% (n = 60) while anxiety was 9% (n = 27). Co-morbid depression (adjusted OR = 24.91, 95% CI = 5.67–109.42, p < 0.001), neuroticism (adjusted OR = 9.24, 95% CI = 2.03–42.03, p = 0.004), and greater physical health-related QOL (adjusted OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.07–2.59, p = 0.024) increased the odds of developing anxiety, while psychological QOL (adjusted OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.21–0.79, p = 0.008) was protective. Co-morbid anxiety (adjusted OR = 20.06, 95% CI = 4.70–85.57, p < 0.001) increased the odds of depression, while older age (adjusted OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.92–0.99, p = 0.012), regular religious practice (adjusted OR= 0.08, 95% CI= 0.01-0.56, p= 0.011) and physical health-related QOL (adjusted OR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.59–0.89, p = 0.002) were protective. Conclusions The study findings signify the need to screen for co-morbid depression and anxiety, as well as personality traits and QOL, and to include psychosocial interventions when planning a multidisciplinary approach to managing diabetes.

scholarly journals Knowledge about diabetic retinopathy, eye check-up practice and associated factors among patients with diabetes mellitus attending Debark hospital, northwest Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mebratu Muusew Tegegne ◽  
Abel Sinshaw Assem ◽  
Destaye Shiferaw Alemu ◽  
Asamere Tsegaw Woredekal ◽  
Tsehay Kassa Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Routine eye examination plays a vital role in detecting diabetic retinopathy in its earliest stage before the onset of blindness. Patients’ knowledge about the nature and the consequences of diabetic retinopathy and routine eye checkup helps in timely identification and early treatment. However, there is limited evidence on knowledge of patients with diabetes mellitus on diabetic retinopathy and their eye check-up practices in Ethiopia in general and the study area in particular. Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, eye check-up practice and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: Institution based cross – sectional study was conducted at Debark hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, from April 20/2018- May 20/2018. A pretested interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data among 230 diabetic patients aged 18 years and above. Data were entered in to Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were done. Odds ratio with 95% confidence level was determined and variables with p–value of < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Result: Out of 238 sample 230 were participated, among this, 119 (51.7%) were males. The mean age of the respondents was 49 (SD ±17.6) years. One hundred nine (47.4%) participants had good knowledge and 91 (39.6%) had good eye check-up practice. Urban residence [AOR= 2.65;95% CI: 1.16-6.07)]), monthly income of 3501-8000 birr [AOR=4.54;(1.31-15.7)], type II diabetes mellitus [AOR=3.9;(1.6-9.6)], duration of diabetes (6-12 years[AOR=4.4;(1.4-13.5)]), history of eye disease [AOR=5.5;(2.3-13.0)] were associated with good knowledge. Similarly, longer duration of diabetes (13-25 years [AOR=3.77; (1.05-13.5)]) and history of eye disease [AOR=2.47;(1.09-5.62)] were associated with good eye check-up practice. Conclusion: The proportion of good knowledge about diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients was fair (47.4%) in the study setting and good eye check-up practice was low (39.6%) Longer duration of diabetes and history of eye disease were identified as positive factors for good knowledge and eye check-up practice. Knowledge and regular eye check-up practice needs to be enhanced through provision of appropriate health education.

scholarly journals Magnitude and factors associated with diabetic complication among diabetic patients attending Gurage Zone hospitals, South West Ethiopia.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bereket Beyene Gebre ◽  
Zebene Mekonnen Assefa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Diabetic Complication ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
South West ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
South West Ethiopia

Abstract Objective To assess the magnitude of diabetic complication and associated factors among diabetes mellitus patients attending in Gurage zone hospitals.Results According to this study the magnitude of diabetic complication among diabetic patients were 61% and the marital status; divorced [AOR: 0.252(0.11, 0.59); p=0.002], poor glycemic control [AOR: 1.88(1.04, 3.39); p=0.036], Body Mass Index >25 [AOR: 4.42(1.32, 14.86); p=0.016] and duration of illness > 6years [AOR:1.79 (1.02, 3.17) ; p=0.044] and 10years [AOR: 4.68(2.07, 10.61); p=<0.001] were significantly associated with diabetic complication.Key terms Diabetic complications, magnitude, associated factor

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