Facemask wearing to prevent COVID-19 transmission and associated factors among taxi drivers in Dessie City and Kombolcha Town, Ethiopia

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has pointed out that urban taxi drivers and their passengers are at higher risk of transmitting coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) due to frequent contact among many people. Facemask wearing is one of the preventive measures recommended to control the transmission of the virus. A lack of evidence of the proportion of facemask wearing among taxi drivers and associated factors in Ethiopia, including Dessie City and Kombolcha Town, hinders the design of targeted interventions to advocate for facemask use. This study was designed to address this gap. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 417 taxi drivers in Dessie City and Kombolcha Town from July to August, 2020. The study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique after proportionally allocating the sample size from the total number of taxi drivers working in Dessie City and Kombolcha Town. The data were collected by trained data collectors using a structured questionnaire and an on-the-spot observational checklist. The collected data were checked, coded and entered to EpiData version 4.6 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 for data cleaning and analysis. Bivariate (Crude Odds Ratio [COR]) and multivariable (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]) logistic regression analyses were employed using 95% CI (confidence interval). From bivariate logistic regression analysis, variables with p-value < 0.250 were retained into multivariable logistic regression analysis. Then, from the multivariable analysis, variables with p-value < 0.050 were declared as factors significantly associated with facemask wearing among taxi drivers in Dessie City and Kombolcha Town. Main findings The proportion of taxi drivers who wore a facemask was 54.68% [95%CI: 50.10–59.7%]. The majority (58.3%) of drivers were using cloth facemasks, followed by N95 facemasks (24.5%) and surgical facemasks (17.3%). Out of the total 417 taxi drivers, more than two-thirds (69.8%) of them had a good knowledge about COVID-19 and 67.6% of taxi drivers had a positive attitude towards taking precautions against transmission of COVID-19. Three-fourths (74.1%) of the taxi drivers believed that wearing a facemask could prevent COVID-19. More than half (52.5%) felt discomfort when wearing a facemask. Almost three-fourths (72.2%) of taxi drivers felt that the presence of local government pressure helped them to wear a facemask. We found that marital status [AOR = 3.14, 95%CI: 1.97–5.01], fear of the disease [AOR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.28–3.47], belief in the effectiveness of a facemask [AOR = 5.6, 95%CI: 3.1–10.16] and feeling government pressure [AOR = 3.6, 95%CI: 2.16–6.13] were factors significantly associated with wearing a facemask. Conclusion We found that the proportion of facemask wearers among taxi drivers was relatively low in Dessie City and Kombolcha Town. In order to increase that number, government bodies should work aggressively to encourage more taxi drivers to wear a facemask. We also recommend that government and non-government organizations work very closely together to implement strategies that promote facemask use, including increasing the availability of inexpensive facemasks, and monitoring and controlling facemask use.

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Post-cesarean section surgical site infection and associated factors in East Gojjam zone primary hospitals, Amhara region, North West Ethiopia, 2020

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0261951 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. e0261951

Author(s):

Hulubante Bizuayew ◽

Haimanot Abebe ◽

Getachew Mullu ◽

Likinaw Bewuket ◽

Daniel Tsega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

P Value ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Site Infection

Purpose Maternal surgical site infection after cesarean delivery is a clinical problem which contributes to significant morbidity and mortality. In Ethiopia admissions following cesarean section due to surgical site infection have been routine activities of health care institutions but there is limited scientific evidence on both the magnitude of the problem and factors associated with it making prevention mechanisms less effective. Therefore, this study aimed to assess magnitude and risk factors of post-cesarean section surgical site infection at primary hospitals of East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods Institution-based cross sectional study with retrospective chart review was conducted from September 10–30 /2020 at 3 randomly selected primary hospitals of east Gojjam zone. The data were entered in Epi data version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science Software version 26. Post-cesarean section surgical site infection was measured based on disease classification and definition of the term by Center for Disease Control and Prevention. After checking for presence of multicollinarity, presence and degree of association of factors with outcome variable were computed through logistic regression analysis. Factors with P value ≤ 0.2 in bi-variable logistic regression analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression analysis and those variables with P-value of <0.05 in multivariable analysis were considered statistically significant. Result From 622 medical records of women who underwent cesarean section, 77 (12.4%) of them developed surgical site infection. Rural residence [(AOR = 2.30, 95%CI: (1.29, 4.09)], duration of labor greater than 24hrs [(AOR = 3.48, 95%CI: (1.49, 8.09)], rupture of membrane>12hrs[(AOR = 4.61,95%CI:(2.34,9.09)], hypertension[(AOR = 3.14,95%CI:(1.29,7.59)] and preoperative Hematocrit ≤30%[(AOR = 3.22,95%CI:(1.25,8.31)] were factors significantly associated with post-cesarean section surgical site infections. Conclusion Magnitude of post-cesarean section surgical site infection was a significant problem in primary hospitals. Minimizing prolonged labor; minimize early rupture of membrane, properly managing patients with comorbidities like hypertension, strengthen prophylaxis and treatment for anemia during antenatal care and raising awareness for rural residents can reduce the problem. Zonal police makers should give emphasis to reduce its burden.

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Associated Factors of Plasmodium Knowlesi Malaria among Registered Malaria Cases in Terengganu, Malaysia 2011- September 2019 via Vekpro Online Database

Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24191/jchs.v6i2.13052 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 23-35

Author(s):

Faizul Haris Hatta ◽

Zaliha Ismail ◽

Zahir Izuan Azhar ◽

Nurhuda Ismail ◽

Norafidah Abdul Rashid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Mixed Infection ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Plasmodium Knowlesi ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Weather Data ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Online Database

Introduction: Plasmodium knowlesi (P. knowlesi), zoonotic malaria cases had been increasing in trend in Terengganu, Malaysia. This study aimed to determine the associated factors of P. knowlesi malaria among registered malaria cases in Terengganu from 2011 to September 2019 via the Vekpro Online Database. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using registered malaria cases in Terengganu from 2011 to September 2019 extracted from the Vekpro Online database and secondary weather data from the Malaysian Meteorological Department. A total sample of 247 malaria cases [(P. knowlesi (n=187), P. falciparum (n=23), P. vivax (n=37), P. malariae (n=4), mixed infection (n=3)] were analysed. The cases were grouped into P. knowlesi group (P. knowlesi, P. malariae, mixed infection) and non-P. knowlesi group (P. falciparum, P. vivax) for comparison of their risk factors. Multiple Logistic Regression analysis was used to identify the associated factors. Results: Plasmodium knowlesi group contributed to 187 out of 247 (75.7%) of all malaria cases. Four factors were found to be significantly associated with P. knowlesi group in the final multivariable logistic regression analysis. Age [AOR=1.04 (95% CI: 1.01,1.08)], Malay race [AOR=39.43 (95% CI: 13.99,111.18)], agriculture and forestry worker [AOR=14.95 (95% CI: 4.10,54.51)] and Passive Case Detection [AOR=11.70 (95% CI: 2.60,52.63)] were the significant associated factors. Conclusion: Identified significant associated factors and characteristics of the high-risk group for P. knowlesi infection can help medical and health front liners in Terengganu in early diagnosis and prompt treatment of the cases. The factors also will help in the planning and development of health interventions in targeting P. knowlesi infection.

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Minimum acceptable diet practice and its associated factors among children aged 6–23 months in rural communities of Goncha district, north West Ethiopia

BMC Nutrition ◽

10.1186/s40795-021-00444-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bamlaku Birie ◽

Andargachew Kassa ◽

Emnet Kebede ◽

Bezabih Terefe

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Rural Community ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Institutional Delivery ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Amhara Region ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression

Abstract Background After the first 6 months breast milk is no longer sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of the infant. Therefore, complementary foods should be added to the child’s diet. Feeding children with a diversified diet is practiced improperly in developing countries including Ethiopia particularly in the rural community of the Amhara region. However, limited information was documented on the rural communities and no data were available specifically in the study area to show the exact picture of child feeding practices. So, this study was planned to assess minimum acceptable diet practice and its associated factors among children aged 6–23 months in the rural community of Goncha district, Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methods Community-based cross-sectional study was employed to determine minimum acceptable diet practice and its associated factors among children aged 6–23 months at rural communities of Goncha district, East Gojjam zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select study subjects, and an interview administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were entered by Epi Data version 4.0.2 and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to see the association. Then, P-value < 0.05 with 95% CI on multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify the predictor of the outcome variable. Results A total of 430 mothers who have children aged 6–23 months were included in the analysis with a 98% of response rate. About 12.6% of children aged 6–23 months received the recommended minimum acceptable diet. Children whose mothers who had formal education [AOR = 2.7, 95%CI (1.133, 6.231)], institutional delivery [AOR = 4.5, 95%CI (1.986, 10.362)], media exposure [AOR = 2.6, 95%CI (1.303, 5.291)] and higher household wealth index [AOR = 2.5, 95%CI (1.139, 5.90)] were significantly associated with minimum acceptable diet. Conclusion The practice of minimum acceptable diet in the study area was inadequate and very low according to the national recommendation. So, strengthening institutional delivery, improving the wealth of the community and exposure to media, and finally empowering women’s’ for education is recommended.

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Post-cesarean section surgical site infection and associated factors in East Gojjam zone primary hospitals, Amhara region, North West Ethiopia, 2020

10.21203/rs.3.rs-301900/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Haimanot Geletie Abebe ◽

Hulubante fetene bizuayew ◽

Getachew Kassa Mullu ◽

Likinaw Zeleke Bewuket ◽

Daniel Tefera Tsega ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

P Value ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Site Infection

Abstract Background Women after cesarean section have a five to twenty-times greater chance of getting an infection compared with women who give birth vaginally. Even though many efforts tried by the government and non-government organization in Ethiopia, a non-significant decline achieved and post cesarean section surgical site infection is still a problem. Scientific evidence on this is a step ahead for preventing and reducing post cesarean section surgical site infection. Therefore this study aimed to assess magnitude and risk factors of post cesarean section surgical site infection at primary hospitals of East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods Institution based cross sectional study with retrospective chart review was conducted from September 10–30 /2020 at primary hospitals of east Gojjam zone. The data was entered in Epi data version3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science Software version 26. Presence and degree of association of factors with outcome variable were computed through logistic regression analysis. Factors with P value ≤ 0.2 in bi variable logistic regression analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression analysis and those variables with P-value of < 0.05 in multivariable analysis were considered statistically significant. Result From 622 medical records of women who underwent cesarean section, 77 (12.4%) of them were developed surgical site infection. Rural residence [(AOR = 2.30, 95%CI :( 1.295, 4.098)], duration of labor greater than 24hrs [(AOR = 3.48, 95%CI :( 1.495, 8.086)], rupture of

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Comparison of Anticoagulation Quality between Acenocoumarol and Warfarin in Patients with Mechanical Prosthetic Heart Valves: Insights from the Nationwide PLECTRUM Study

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26051425 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 1425

Author(s):

Danilo Menichelli ◽

Daniela Poli ◽

Emilia Antonucci ◽

Vittoria Cammisotto ◽

Sophie Testa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Heart Valves ◽

Vitamin K Antagonists ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

The Mean

Vitamin K antagonists are indicated for the thromboprophylaxis in patients with mechanical prosthetic heart valves (MPHV). However, it is unclear whether some differences between acenocoumarol and warfarin in terms of anticoagulation quality do exist. We included 2111 MPHV patients included in the nationwide PLECTRUM registry. We evaluated anticoagulation quality by the time in therapeutic range (TiTR). Factors associated with acenocoumarol use and with low TiTR were investigated by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Mean age was 56.8 ± 12.3 years; 44.6% of patients were women and 395 patients were on acenocoumarol. A multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that patients on acenocoumarol had more comorbidities (i.e., ≥3, odds ratio (OR) 1.443, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.081–1.927, p = 0.013). The mean TiTR was lower in the acenocoumarol than in the warfarin group (56.1 ± 19.2% vs. 61.6 ± 19.4%, p < 0.001). A higher prevalence of TiTR (<60%, <65%, or <70%) was found in acenocoumarol users than in warfarin ones (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Acenocoumarol use was associated with low TiTR regardless of the cutoff used at multivariable analysis. A lower TiTR on acenocoumarol was found in all subgroups of patients analyzed according to sex, hypertension, diabetes, age, valve site, atrial fibrillation, and INR range. In conclusion, anticoagulation quality was consistently lower in MPHV patients on acenocoumarol compared to those on warfarin.

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Διερεύνηση των διατροφικών προτύπων σε ένα εθνικά αντιπροσωπευτικό δείγμα ενηλίκων στην Ελλάδα και η σχέση τους με παράγοντες τρόπου ζωής και τα καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα

10.12681/eadd/45522 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Δήμητρα Καραγεώργου

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Fast Food ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Principal Component ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

A Posteriori

Η διερεύνηση και αξιολόγηση των διατροφικών προτύπων αποτελεί πλέον το επίκεντρο της επιδημιολογίας της διατροφής. Τα τελευταία χρόνια, τα διατροφικά πρότυπα έχουν συσχετιστεί με πολλαπλούς δείκτες υγείας και νοσήματα και κυρίως με τα καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα. Συγκεκριμένα, τα διατροφικά πρότυπα που προκύπτουν από την εκ των υστέρων (a posteriori)μέθοδο έχουν συσχετιστεί τόσο θετικά όσο και αρνητικά με τα καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα. Η αξιολόγηση της σχέσης των διατροφικών προτύπων με τα καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα στον ελληνικό πληθυσμό παραμένει ασαφής. Σκοπός: Η διερεύνηση των υποκείμενων διατροφικών προτύπων σε ένα εθνικά αντιπροσωπευτικό δείγμα ενηλίκων στην Ελλάδα και η αξιολόγηση της σχέσης τους με δημογραφικά χαρακτηριστικά, παράγοντες τρόπου ζωής, καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα και παράγοντες κινδύνου. Μεθοδολογία: Η έρευνα στην οποία βασίστηκε η ανάλυση είναι η Πανελλαδική Μελέτη Διατροφής και Υγείας (ΠΑ.ΜΕ.Δ.Υ.), μία συγχρονική μελέτη με εθνικά αντιπροσωπευτικό δείγμα ανεξαρτήτου φύλου και ηλικιακής ομάδας. Στην ανάλυση συμπεριλήφθησαν μόνο οι ενήλικοι (≥20 ετών) συμμετέχοντες της μελέτης (N=3,552, 41.2% άνδρες; 43.7 ετών, SD: 18.1). Για την ανίχνευση και τον προσδιορισμό των διατροφικών προτύπων εφαρμόστηκε η ανάλυση κυρίων συνιστωσών (Principal Component Analysis, PCA), χρησιμοποιώντας διατροφικά δεδομένα που είχαν συλλεχθεί μέσω 24ώρης ανάκλησης. Ο χαρακτηρισμός των διατροφικών προτύπων βάσει δημογραφικών χαρακτηριστικών και τρόπου ζωής των συμμετεχόντων πραγματοποιήθηκε με ανάλυση διακύμανσης (Analysis of Variance, ANOVA) και τον έλεγχο ανεξαρτησίας χ2. Η παρουσία καρδιαγγειακών νοσημάτων και παραγόντων κινδύνου, όπως η δυσλιπιδαιμία (υψηλά επίπεδα χοληστερόλης ή/και τριγλυκεριδίων) και η υπέρταση, δηλώθηκε από τους ίδιους τους συμμετέχοντες, ενώ η κατηγοριοποίηση έγινε βάσει της Διεθνούς Στατιστικής Ταξινόμησης Νόσων και Συναφών Προβλημάτων Υγείας (Δέκατη Αναθεώρηση) του Παγκόσμιου Οργανισμού Υγείας. Ο λόγος σχετικών πιθανοτήτων (odds ratio) για τα καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα ανά διατροφικό πρότυπο10 υπολογιστήκε με τη μέθοδο της πολλαπλής λογιστικής παλινδρόμησης (multivariable logistic regression analysis). Αποτελέσματα: Τρία κύρια διατροφικά πρότυπα ανιχνεύθηκαν στον πληθυσμό της μελέτης, τα οποία εξηγούσαν τo 16.5% της διακύμανσης: ένα Παραδοσιακό, ένα Δυτικού τύπου και ένα Συνετό πρότυπο. Το Παραδοσιακό πρότυπο είχε σημαντική θετική συσχέτιση με το ελαιόλαδο, τα μη αμυλούχα λαχανικά και το τυρί. Το Δυτικού τύπου πρότυπο είχε σημαντική θετική συσχέτιση με τα κατεργασμένα δημητριακά, το επεξεργασμένο κρέας και τα ζωικά λίπη. Το Συνετό διατροφικό πρότυπο είχε σημαντική θετική συσχέτιση με τα φρούτα, τα δημητριακά ολικής άλεσης και το γιαούρτι και σημαντική αρνητική συσχέτιση με τρόφιμα τύπου fast-food. Ένα τέταρτο πρότυπο, που ονομάστηκε Βασισμένο σε Σνακ διατροφικό πρότυπο, ανιχνεύθηκε μόνο στις γυναίκες και είχε σημαντική θετική συσχέτιση με τα γλυκά, τα αλμυρά σνακ και τους ξηρούς καρπούς. Τα διατροφικά πρότυπα συσχετίστηκαν με κοινωνικο-οικονομικά χαρακτηριστικά, όπως το επίπεδο εκπαίδευσης, καθώς και με παράγοντες τρόπου ζωής, όπως το κάπνισμα. Η υψηλή προσκόλληση στο Συνετό πρότυπο συσχετίστηκε θετικά με την πρόσληψη πρωτεΐνης και ακόρεστου λίπους και αρνητικά με την πρόσληψη ενέργειας και κορεσμένου λίπους (P≤0.05 για όλα). Αντιθέτως, τα άλλα δύο πρότυπα είχαν θετική συσχέτιση με την πρόσληψη ενέργειας, ολικού και κορεσμένου λίπους. Το Παραδοσιακό πρότυπο συσχετίστηκε επιπλέον με υψηλότερη πρόσληψη μονοακόρεστου λίπους, ενώ το Δυτικού τύπου πρότυπο με υψηλότερη πρόσληψη αλκοόλ (P≤0.001 για όλα). Η προσαρμοσμένη για φύλο και ηλικία λογιστικής παλινδρόμηση, έδειξε αρνητική συσχέτιση μεταξύ του Παραδοσιακού προτύπου και της πιθανότητας παρουσίας καρδιαγγειακών νοσημάτων (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.31-0.92) και θετική συσχέτιση μεταξύ του Δυτικού τύπου προτύπου και της πιθανότητας παρουσίας δυσλιπιδαιμίας (1.49; 1.08-2.05. Το Συνετό πρότυπο διατροφής δεν συσχετίστηκε σημαντικά με την πιθανότητα παρουσίας καμίας από τις υπό μελέτη εκβάσεις.Συμπεράσματα: Δεδομένα από την πρώτη εθνικά αντιπροσωπευτική μελέτη στην Ελλάδα, έδειξαν σημαντικές συσχετίσεις μεταξύ των διατροφικών προτύπων και της παρουσίας καρδιαγγειακών νοσημάτων στον ενήλικο πληθυσμό της χώρας. Τα αποτελέσματα αυτά είναι ιδιαίτερης σημασίας11 για την κατανόηση των διατροφικών συνηθειών στην Ελλάδα και τον σχεδιασμό στοχευμένων πολιτικών δημόσιας υγείας για την προαγωγή της υγιούς διατροφικής συμπεριφοράς.

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Minimum Acceptable Diet Practice and its Associated Factors among Children’s Aged 6–23 Months in Rural Communities of Goncha District, North West Ethiopia, 2020

10.21203/rs.3.rs-126420/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Birie ◽

Kassa ◽

Mrs Kebede

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Institutional Delivery ◽

Household Wealth ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression

Abstract Introduction: After the first 6 months breast milk is no longer sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of the infant. Therefore, complementary foods should be added to the child’s diet. Feeding children’s with diversified diet is practiced improperly in developing countries including Ethiopia particularly in the rural community. Interventions are intended to undertake the nutrition problems in children in the country. However, the progress was not satisfactory, particularly; minimum acceptable diet has increased from 3% to 7% in a decade (2005-2016). Objective: To determine the proportion of minimum acceptable diet practice and its associated factors among children’s aged 6-23 months in rural communities of Goncha district, 2020Methodology: Community based cross-sectional study was employed at rural communities of Goncha district from June 15 to July 15 2020. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select study subjects, and interview administered structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was entered by Epi Data version 4.0.2 and exported to SPSS 20 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between minimum acceptable diet and independent variable. Then, P-value <0.05 with 95% CI on multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify the independent predictor of outcome variable Result: A total of 430 mothers who have children aged 6-23 months were included in the analysis with 98% of response rate. About 12.6% of children’s aged 6-23 months received the recommended minimum acceptable diet. Children whose mothers who had formal education [AOR= 2.7, 95%CI (1.133, 6.231)], institutional delivery [AOR= 4.5, 95%CI (1.986, 10.362)], media exposure [AOR=2.6, 95%CI (1.303, 5.291)] and higher household wealth index [AOR= 2.5, 95%CI (1.139, 5.90)] were significantly associated with minimum acceptable diet.Conclusion: The practice of minimum acceptable diet in the study area was inadequate and very low according to notional and world health organization’s recommendation. So, strengthening institutional delivery, improving the wealth of the community and exposure to media, and finally empowering women’s for education are recommended.

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2524. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Seroprotection Against Japanese Encephalitis Virus Among HIV-Infected Thai Adolescents Stable on Combination Antiretroviral Treatment

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz360.2202 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. S877-S878

Author(s):

Tavitiya Sudjaritruk ◽

Suparat Kanjanavanit ◽

Chanidapa Prasarakee ◽

Saowalak Sarachai ◽

Wanvisa Taweehorm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Japanese Encephalitis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Neutralizing Antibodies ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Antiretroviral Treatment ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Immunosuppressive Agents ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis

Abstract Background To determine the prevalence and associated factors of seroprotection against Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus among HIV-infected adolescents stable on combination antiretroviral treatment (cART). Methods A multicenter seroprevalence study was conducted in Thailand. Perinatally HIV-infected adolescents who aged 11–25 years, had previous evidence of severely immune suppression (CD4 < 15% or < 200 cells/mm3), were currently stable on cART (CD4 > 350 cells/mm3 for > 6 months or CD4 > 200 cells/mm3 with viral suppression [VS; plasma HIV RNA < 50 copies/mL] for > 12 months), and had completed a 3- or 4-dose series of mouse brain-derived inactivated JE vaccine (MBDV) during childhood were enrolled. Adolescents who had clinically or serologically confirmed recent JE virus infections, or received immunosuppressive agents or blood components within 6 months were excluded. Plaque reduction neutralization (PRNT50) assay was conducted to assess neutralizing antibodies to JE virus, and titers of ≥ 10 were considered seroprotective. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify associated factors of JE seroprotection. Results Of 98 eligible adolescents, 54% were female, a median age was 19 years, and 11% were overweight. Ninety-five percent and 5% of adolescents received 3 and 4 doses of MBDV during childhood, respectively. A median duration since the last dose of MBDV was 16 years. At enrollment, 71% were on NNRTI-based cART regimens, a median cART duration was 13 years. A median current CD4 was 29%, and 89% had VS. Seroprotection against JE virus was identified in 28 (29%) adolescents; of whom, the geometric mean titer (GMT) of neutralizing antibody was 64 (95% CI: 39–106). Proportion of adolescents with JE seroprotection and GMT of neutralizing antibodies to JE virus slightly decreased over time after the last immunization (Figure 1). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, seroprotection against JE virus was associated with younger age and greater current CD4 count (Table 1). Conclusion The majority of our perinatally HIV-infected adolescents did not maintain seroprotection against JE virus although having completed a series of MBDV during childhood. JE revaccination is an important tool for disease prevention in these adolescents who live in JE endemic areas. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Prediction of successful de-cannulation of tracheostomised patients in medical intensive care units

Respiratory Research ◽

10.1186/s12931-021-01732-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chul Park ◽

Ryoung-Eun Ko ◽

Jinhee Jung ◽

Soo Jin Na ◽

Kyeongman Jeon

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Limited Data ◽

Underlying Malignancy ◽

Medical Intensive Care ◽

Good Calibration

Abstract Background Limited data are available on practical predictors of successful de-cannulation among the patients who undergo tracheostomies. We evaluated factors associated with failed de-cannulations to develop a prediction model that could be easily be used at the time of weaning from MV. Methods In a retrospective cohort of 346 tracheostomised patients managed by a standardized de-cannulation program, multivariable logistic regression analysis identified variables that were independently associated with failed de-cannulation. Based on the logistic regression analysis, the new predictive scoring system for successful de-cannulation, referred to as the DECAN score, was developed and then internally validated. Results The model included age > 67 years, body mass index < 22 kg/m2, underlying malignancy, non-respiratory causes of mechanical ventilation (MV), presence of neurologic disease, vasopressor requirement, and presence of post-tracheostomy pneumonia, presence of delirium. The DECAN score was associated with good calibration (goodness-of-fit, 0.6477) and discrimination outcomes (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.890, 95% CI 0.853–0.921). The optimal cut-off point for the DECAN score for the prediction of the successful de-cannulation was ≤ 5 points, and was associated with the specificities of 84.6% (95% CI 77.7–90.0) and sensitivities of 80.2% (95% CI 73.9–85.5). Conclusions The DECAN score for tracheostomised patients who are successfully weaned from prolonged MV can be computed at the time of weaning to assess the probability of de-cannulation based on readily available variables.

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Prevalence of postural deviations and associated factors in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Fisioterapia em Movimento ◽

10.1590/1980-5918.029.004.ao14 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 777-786 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mariana Vieira Batistão ◽

Roberta de Fátima Carreira Moreira ◽

Helenice Jane Cote Gil Coury ◽

Luis Ernesto Bueno Salasar ◽

Tatiana de Oliveira Sato

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Extrinsic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Postural Changes ◽

Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors

Abstract Introduction: Postural deviations are frequent in childhood and may cause pain and functional impairment. Previously, only a few studies have examined the association between body posture and intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Objective: To assess the prevalence of postural changes in school children, and to determine, using multiple logistic regression analysis, whether factors such as age, gender, BMI, handedness and physical activity might explain these deviations. Methods: The posture of 288 students was assessed by observation. Subjects were aged between 6 and 15 years, 59.4% (n = 171) of which were female. The mean age was 10.6 (± 2.4) years. Mean body weight was 38.6 (± 12.7) kg and mean height was 1.5 (± 0.1) m. A digital scale, a tapeline, a plumb line and standardized forms were used to collect data. The data were analyzed descriptively using the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis (significance level of 5%). Results: We found the following deviations to be prevalent among schoolchildren: forward head posture, 53.5%, shoulder elevation, 74.3%, asymmetry of the iliac crests, 51.7%, valgus knees, 43.1%, thoracic hyperkyphosis, 30.2%, lumbar hyperlordosis, 37.2% and winged shoulder blades, 66.3%. The associated factors were age, gender, BMI and physical activity. Discussion: There was a high prevalence of postural deviations and the intrinsic and extrinsic factors partially explain the postural deviations. Conclusion: These findings contribute to the understanding of how and why these deviations develop, and to the implementation of preventive and rehabilitation programs, given that some of the associated factors are modifiable.

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