scholarly journals Use of prehospital, hospitalization and presence of sequelae and/or disability in road traffic injury victims in Brazil

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249895
Author(s):  
Gabriela Camargo Tobias ◽  
Polyana Maria Pimenta Mandacarú ◽  
Rafael Alves Guimarães ◽  
Otaliba Libânio Morais Neto
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Prehospital Care ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Road ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Moment

Objective To estimate the prevalence and analyze the association between sociodemographic and behavioral variables with the use of prehospital care, hospitalization and sequelae and/or disability in victims of road traffic accidents victims in Brazil. Methods Data from the National Health Survey conducted in 2013 in Brazil were used. Data were collected through a direct household survey. The research sample consisted of 1,840 individuals who reported road traffic accidents in the previous 12 months. Poisson regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors associated with the use of prehospital care services, hospitalization, and the presence of sequelae and/or disability. Results The prevalence of road traffic accidents victims who received prehospital care was 13.0% (95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: 10.3–16.3) and the factors associated with this outcome were: residing in the Northeast or North region of Brazil; residing in rural areas; and being a motorcycle occupant at the moment of the road traffic accident. The frequency of hospitalization was 7.7% (95% CI: 6.0–10.0) and the associated factors were: age between 40 and 59 years; being a motorcycle occupant or pedestrian and having received on-site care at the moment of the road traffic accident. The prevalence of sequelae and/or disability was 15.1% (95% CI: 12.5–18.2) and the associated factors were: age range between 30 and 39 years or 40 and 59 years; being a motorcycle occupant, being a pedestrian or belonging to other category of modes of transport and having received on-site care at the moment of the road traffic accident. Conclusion The study allowed to evaluate the factors associated with prehospital care, hospitalization and presence of sequelae and/or disability in the victims of road traffic accident and the results can guide the implementation of interventions that prioritize the population exposed to the highest risk of road traffic accident injuries and with less access to prehospital and hospital care services in Brazil.

scholarly journals EXPERT APPROACH WHEN RESEARCHING CAUSES OF TRAMWAYS COMING-OFF FROM RAIL TRACKS (TURNOUTS)

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
P N. Khorobryh ◽  
A. О. Kazarov ◽  
V. O. Labintsev
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Technical Point ◽  
Automatic Mode ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One

During investigation of road-traffic accidents with tramways participation, investigative bodies are interested in the causes which, from the technical point of view, could lead to coming-off of a tram from rails. In the paper the case in which two drivers of separate tram cars took part, is considered. Circumstances of road traffic accident consist in the following. During transit of the first tram through automated turnout in the moment when the first bogie of the first tram has already proceeded the switch, and the second has not yet, there was shift of a point rail, that is, there was a shift of rail for the movement in other direction. As a result of it the first bogie of the first tram has continued movement in the same direction, and the second bogi has started to move in another direction. In other words there has occurred turnout incut. In order to check operation of a turnout, various modes of its operation were simulated. Also experimental transits of tram cars were carried out. The obtained data has allowed to draw up a conclusion that the cause of the first tram coming-off from rails was a technical malfunction switch and coincidence of certain circumstances. That is, on the one hand, automatic moving ofpoint switch occurred only for tram movement to the left. On the other hand, the reason of the first tram descent from a railway was that the driver of the second tram has passed entrance harp during the moment when the first tram still was in a pass stage of switch. In article the algorithm of the specialist actions in a similar situation during carrying out of investigatory experiment is resulted and the list of questions solved at carrying out of switch researches, which works in an automatic mode at the moment of traffic accident occurrence is stated.

scholarly journals Mathematical model of road traffic accident development using the system analysis theory

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Alexander Gusev ◽  
◽  
Innesa Rutkovskaya ◽  
Alla Gerasimenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Theory ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Analysis Theory

The article describes the principles and algorithms for creating a mathematical model of the road traffic accidents on the highway section using system analysis theory and queuing system theory.

scholarly journals Statistical modeling of number of human deaths per road traffic accident in Oromia region, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merga Abdissa Aga ◽  
Berhanu Teshome Woldeamanuel ◽  
Mekonnen Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Regional State

Abstract Background: Globally, road traffic accidents are leading causes of death among young people in general, and the main cause of death among young people aged 15–29 years. Recently, in Ethiopia, the average number of road traffic accidents has been increasing, particularly the Oromia regional state is experiencing a higher road traffic fatalities. This study was conducted to identify the major factors associated with the number of human deaths by road traffic accident in the Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods: We used data obtained from the Oromia Police Commission Bureau that have been recorded on daily basis road traffic accidents from July, 2016 - July, 2017. Count regression models were was used to assess the factors associated with the number of human deaths from road traffic accidents.Results: Of the total of 3900 road traffic accidents included in the 1188 (30.5%) were giving rise to fatal. The Hurdle models were of better fit than zero inflated Poisson and zero inflated negative binomial model. Thus, the Hurdle Poisson is recommended in this study. Age of the driver 31-50 years (AOR = 0.289, 95%CI: 0.175, 0.479) and higher than 50 years of age (AOR = 0.311, 95%CI: 0.129, 0.751), driver’s years of experience 5-10 years (AOR = 0.014, 95%CI:0.007, 0.027), and more than 10 years (AOR = 0.101, 95%CI:0.057, 0.176), vehicle type automobile (AOR = 8.642, 95%CI:2.7644, 27.023), vehicle years of service 5-10 years (AOR = 2.484, 95%CI:1.194, 5.169), and more than 10 years (AOR = 2.639,95%CI:1.268, 5.497), type of accident, vehicle upside down (AOR = 5.560,95%CI: 2.506, 12.336), causes of accident, turning illegal position (AOR = 0.454, 95%CI:0.226, 0.913), area of accident, residential place (AOR = 108.506, 95%CI: 13.725, 857.798), working areas (AOR = 129.606, 95%CI: 16.448, 1021.263), near hospitals (AOR =23.789, 95%CI: 3.038, 186.298), geographical locations, Western zones (AOR = 0.275, 95%CI: 0.167, 0.455), and South east zones (AOR = 0.624, 95%CI: 0.410, 0.950) were significant associated number of human deaths per road traffic accident factors in the study area.Conclusion: In this study,30.5% of accidents were giving rise to at least one human death per road traffic accident and different associated numbers of human deaths per road traffic accident factors have been identified. Thus, interventions by the bodies concerned with introduction educational programs that will create awareness about road traffic accidents and the associated human deaths, especially targeting road users, young drivers, passengers and pedestrians.

scholarly journals A study of pattern of injuries and factors affecting the injury pattern among road traffic accident victims

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1926
Author(s):  
Karmakonda Anil Kumar ◽  
Qurat Ul Ain Shadan Taj
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
The Road ◽  
Body Regions

Background: Road traffic injuries remain a critical public health concern. The most affected are the young population. Road accidents are one of the top three reasons for deaths among the population from the age group of 5 to 44 years, globally. Road traffic injuries can be prevented by a national plan or various strategies.Methods: It is a hospital based study done on all road traffic accident cases admitted in Owaisi Hospital between April 2013 to July 2014 using a pretested, pre-designed questionnaire and collecting Medico legal case records. Data is expressed in percentages. Association between factors and severity of injuries was calculated using Chi-square test.Results: Majority of the victims had suffered grievous injury (95.29%). Majority (62.48%) had injuries involving upper limb, 52% had injuries involving multiple body regions. Majority of the times it was a sideways collision 275 (48.00%), followed by head on collision 198 (34.55%). Factors such as use of the seat belt, alcohol consumption, lighting on the road are found to be statistically significant with the severity of the injuries.Conclusions: Majority of the victims had suffered from multiple injuries (52%). The road traffic accidents can be prevented mainly putting emphasis on the use of seat belt, avoidance of consumption of alcohol by the drivers, adequate lighting on roads which can reduce the burden of occurrence of the road traffic accidents.

scholarly journals Statistical modeling of number of human deaths per road traffic accident in Oromia region, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merga Abdissa Aga ◽  
Berhanu Teshome Woldeamanuel ◽  
Mekonnen Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Major Factors

Abstract Abstract Background : Globally, road traffic accidents are leading causes of death among young people in general, and the main cause of death among young people aged 15–29 years. This study was conducted to identify the major factors associated with the number of human deaths by road traffic accident in the Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods: We used data obtained from the Oromia Police Commission Bureau that have been recorded on daily basis road traffic accidents from July, 2016 - July, 2017. Count regression models were was used to assess the factors associated with the number of human deaths from traffic accidents. Results : Of the total of 3900 road traffic accidents included in the 1188 (30.5%) were giving rise to fatal. The Hurde models were of better fit than zero inflated Poisson and zero inflated negative binomial model. Thus, the Hurdle Poisson is recommended in this study. Age of the driver 31-50 years (AOR = 0.289, 95%CI: 0.175, 0.479) and higher than 50 years of age (AOR = 0.311, 95%CI: 0.129, 0.751), driver’s years of experience 5-10 years (AOR = 0.014, 95%CI: 0.007, 0.027), and more than 10 years (AOR = 0.101, 95%CI: 0.057, 0.176), vehicle type automobile (AOR = 8.642, 95%CI: 2.7644, 27.023), vehicle years of service 5-10 years (AOR = 2.484, 95%CI: 1.194, 5.169), and more than 10 years (AOR = 2.639, 95%CI: 1.268, 5.497), type of accident, vehicle upside down (AOR = 5.560, 95%CI: 2.506, 12.336), causes of accident, turning illegal position (AOR = 0.454, 95%CI: 0.226, 0.913), area of accident, residential place (AOR = 108.506, 95%CI: 13.725, 857.798), working areas (AOR = 129.606, 95%CI: 16.448, 1021.263), near hospitals (AOR = 23.789, 95%CI: 3.038, 186.298), geographical locations, Western zones (AOR = 0.275, 95%CI: 0.167, 0.455), and South east zones (AOR = 0.624, 95%CI: 0.410, 0.950) were significant associated number of human deaths per road traffic accident factors in the study area. Conclusion : In this study, 30.5% of accidents were giving rise to at least one human death per road traffic accident and different associated numbers of human deaths per traffic accident factors have been identified.

scholarly journals Statistical modeling of numbers of human deaths per road traffic accident in the Oromia region, Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251492
Author(s):  
Merga Abdissa Aga ◽  
Berhanu Teshome Woldeamanuel ◽  
Mekonnen Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Traffic Police

Background Globally, road traffic accidents are the leading causes of death among young people in general, and the main cause of death among young people aged 15–29 years. Recently, in Ethiopia, the number of road traffic accidents has been increasing. The study aimed to identify the potential factors associated with the number of human deaths by road traffic accidents in the Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods We used data obtained from the Oromia region traffic police office recorded on daily basis road traffic accidents from July 2016 up to July 2017. Count regression models were was used to analyses the factors associated with the number of human deaths from road traffic accidents. Results Age of the driver’s 31–50 years (AOR = 0.289, 95%CI: 0.175, 0.479) and higher than 50 years old (AOR = 0.311, 95%CI: 0.129, 0.751), driver’s years of experience 5–10 years (AOR = 0.014, 95%CI: 0.007, 0.027), and more than 10 years (AOR = 0.101, 95%CI: 0.057, 0.176), automobile vehicle type (AOR = 8.642, 95%CI: 2.7644, 27.023), vehicle years of service 5–10 years (AOR = 2.484, 95%CI: 1.194, 5.169), and more than 10 years (AOR = 2.639, 95%CI: 1.268, 5.497), vehicle upside down accidents (AOR = 5.560, 95%CI: 2.506, 12.336), turning illegal position (AOR = 0.454, 95%CI: 0.226, 0.913), residential areas (AOR = 108.506, 95%CI: 13.725, 857.798), and working areas (AOR = 129.606, 95%CI: 16.448, 1021.263) were significant associated number of human deaths per road traffic accident factors in the study area. Conclusion Human deaths per road traffic accidents occurred due to the younger age of the driver, driver’s lack of sufficient experience, vehicle serviced for long years, driving on a wet road, driving in the afternoon, driving near/around residential places and vehicle to driver’s relation. Thus, the regional traffic police should give special attention to younger drivers, less experienced drivers, old vehicles, driving near residential areas, driving automobiles, and driving in the afternoon to control traffic system to reduce the number of human deaths pear road traffic accident.

scholarly journals A Study on the Socio-Demographic Profiles of Road Traffic Accident Cases Attending a Peripheral Tertiary Care Medical College Hospital of West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 945-949
Author(s):  
Sirshak Dutta ◽  
Debasis Sarkar ◽  
Nazrul Mallick
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Safety Rules

BACKGROUND A road traffic accident (RTA) is any injury due to crashes originating from, terminating with or involving a vehicle partially or fully on a public road. Increased mechanisation and improved socio-economic condition of the people in developing countries like India leads to increased use of motor vehicles, disproportionate to the increase in the number of roads. We wanted to assess the socio-demographic profile of road traffic accident victims and study the antecedent factors influencing the road traffic accidents. METHODS This is an institution based descriptive, cross-sectional study, conducted among 114 patients. RESULTS Maximum numbers of the victims, 33.32 % (N = 38) were in the age group of 21-30 years followed by 26.31 % (N =30) in the age group of up to 20 years, mean age of the victims was 29.53 ± 13.85. Majority of the victims, 70.05 % (N = 80) were on motorcycles, and 26.32 % (N =30) of the victims were alcoholic at the time of accident. Majority of the victims, 92.86 % (78 out of 84), among the motor-cycle riders, four-wheeler drivers, and front seat passengers had not used any safety measures at the time of accident. CONCLUSIONS Road traffic accidents emerged as the major epidemic of non-communicable disease, holding a major share of mortality and morbidity data all over the world, majorly among the young productive portion of the population. It was evident from the study that the majority of victims were young adults, from lower socioeconomic background, and rural residents. So, lack of proper information and consciousness regarding road safety rules and measures are definitely the important aetiology behind this epidemic. Almost two third of the cases were among the bikers in the present study, which is pointing out the need of focusing on the road safety rules related to bikers by the road traffic authority. KEYWORDS Alcoholic Intoxication, Motor Vehicle, Road Traffic Accidents, Tertiary Care Centre

ADHD is a Risk Factor of Road Crashes: A Purposive Study of Finding Relation between ADHD and Road Traffic Accident in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 20531-20536
Author(s):  
Nusrat Shamima Nur ◽  
M. S. l. Mullick ◽  
Ahmed Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
Road Crash ◽  
Day By Day

Background: In Bangladesh fatality rate due to road traffic accidents is rising sharply day by day. At least 2297 people were killed and 5480 were injured in road traffic accidents within 1st six months of 2017.Whereas in the previous year at 2016 at least 1941 people were killed and 4794 were injured within the 1st six months. No survey has been reported in Bangladesh yet correlating ADHD as a reason of impulsive driving which ends up in a road crash.

Alcohol and Fatal Road Traffic Accidents

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rufus Crompton
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Characteristic Distribution ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Blood Alcohol Levels ◽  
Age And Sex

An analysis of 208 cases of immediate death in a road traffic accident in which the blood alcohol was estimated, showed a definite characteristic distribution of varying blood alcohol levels in the various types of road users of differing age and sex.

Regression Analysis of Rural Road Traffic Accidents Causes

2011 ◽  
Vol 97-98 ◽  
pp. 1042-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Jiao Sun ◽  
Ru Yue Bai ◽  
Yuan Yuan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Lower Grade ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rural Road ◽  
Safety Awareness

9238 traffic accidents data are collected in rural road of China. Through the data analysis, the main causes of rural road traffic accident are presented. The external environment, the participant features, road features and accident characteristics are involved. The regression analysis in SPSS is applied to find the relationship between the accident features. Overall, the rural road traffic accident was mainly due to in the rural area there are mass travel mode, lower grade roads, poorer safety awareness of traveler and the road is lack of traffic safety facilities and so on.

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