scholarly journals Menopausal hormone therapy: Characterising users in an Australian national cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0253725
Author(s):  
Louiza S. Velentzis ◽  
Sam Egger ◽  
Emily Banks ◽  
Karen Canfell
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽  
Bilateral Oophorectomy ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is effective for menopausal symptoms, however, its use is also associated with risks of serious health conditions including breast, ovarian and endometrial cancer, stroke and venous thromboembolism. MHT-related health risks increase with longer durations of use. In Australia, while overall MHT use fell when risk-related findings were published in 2002, a significant number of women continue using MHT long-term. We aimed to examine socio-demographic, health-related and lifestyle characteristics in relation to post-2002 MHT use, and to compare use for <5 and ≥5 years. Data from 1,561 participants from an Australian, national, cross-sectional survey of women aged 50–69 in 2013 were analysed. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using logistic regression for characteristics related to overall MHT use post-2002 and multinomial logistic regression for associations between MHT duration of use [never/<5 years/≥5 years] and personal characteristics, adjusting for sociodemographic, reproductive, health and lifestyle factors. Post-2002 MHT use was associated with increasing age (p-trend<0.001), hysterectomy versus no hysterectomy (OR:2.55, 95%CI = 1.85–3.51), bilateral oophorectomy vs no oophorectomy (OR:1.66, 95%CI = 1.09–2.53), and ever- versus never-use of therapies other than MHT for menopausal symptoms (OR:1.93, 95%CI = 1.48–2.57). Women with prior breast cancer (OR:0.35, 95%CI = 0.17–0.74) and with more children (p-trend = 0.034) were less likely than other women to use MHT. Prior hysterectomy was more strongly associated with MHT use for ≥5 years than for <5 years (p = 0.004). Ever-use of non-MHT menopausal therapies was associated with MHT use for <5 years but not with longer-term use (p = 0.004). This study reinforces the need for MHT users and their clinicians to re-evaluate continued MHT use on an ongoing basis.

scholarly journals Emirati Women’s Knowledge about the Menopause and Menopausal Hormone Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4875
Author(s):  
Linda Smail ◽  
Ghufran A. Jassim ◽  
Khawla I. Sharaf
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reproductive Characteristics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Women's Knowledge ◽  
Women’S Knowledge

The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge of Emirati women aged 30–64 about menopause, menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), and their associated health risks, and additionally, to determine the relationships between Emirati women’s knowledge about menopause and their sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted of 497 Emirati women visiting five primary healthcare centers in Dubai. Data were collected using a questionnaire composed of sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics, menopause knowledge scale (MKS), and menopause symptoms knowledge and MHT practice. The mean menopause symptoms knowledge percentage was 41%, with a standard deviation of 21%. There were significant differences in the mean knowledge percentage among categories of education level (p < 0.001) and employment (p = 0.003). No significant differences in the knowledge percentages were found among categories of menopausal status. “Pregnancy cannot occur after menopause” was the statement with the highest knowledge percentage (83.3%), while the lowest knowledge percentages were “risk of cardiovascular diseases increases with menopause’’ (23.1%), “MHT increases risk of breast cancer’’ (22.1%), and “MHT decreases risk of colon cancer’’ (13.9%). The knowledge of Emirati women about menopause, MHT, and related heart diseases was very low; therefore, an education campaign about menopause and MHT risks is needed to improve their knowledge for better coping with the symptoms.

Abstract TMP55: Polysomnographic and Sleep-related Variables Associated to Leukoaraiosis in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R Duque ◽  
Brian Villafuerte ◽  
Fiorella Adrianzen ◽  
Rodrigo Zamudio ◽  
Andrea Mendiola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Medical Histories

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a biological plausible risk factor for leukoaraiosis (LA). We tested the hypothesis that polysomnographic (PSG) and sleep-related variables are associated to LA in OSA patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study in which PSG records, medical histories and brain 1.5T MRI were collected from all consecutive patients who had attended a Sleep Medicine Center between 2009-2014. LA was graded from 0 to 9 with the ’Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities’ study scale. OSA was defined by The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 2014, and its severity categorizing according to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, <15 mild, 15 to <30 moderate, 30 to <45 severe and ≥45 very severe). A multinomial logistic regression was performed to describe the association between OSA severity and LA (divided into 2 groups: mild-to-moderate LA and non-to-minimal LA). The covariates for all regression models were age, gender, BMI, hypertension, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, diabetes and pack-year of smoking. Results: From 82 OSA patients (77% male; mean age 58±9 years, range 19-91), 54 (66%) had LA. Mild-to-moderate LA was found in 13 patients (8 mild and 5 moderate LA) and non-to-minimal LA in 69 (41 minimal and 28 non LA). Spearman’s correlation coefficient between AHI and LA grade was 0.41 (p<0.001). Furthermore, the higher OSA severity, the higher LA severity (p<0.001, for Jonckheere-Terpstra test for ordered alternatives). In the multinomial logistic regression model adjusted for cofounders, severe OSA patients had higher risk for mild or moderate LA (HR 12.8, 95% IC 1.2-141) compared to mild-to-moderate OSA patients. Additionally, self-reported habitual sleep duration from 7 to 9 hours (HR 0.36, 90% IC 0.14-0.90) and proportion of time in apnea/hypopnea over total sleep time (HR 1.04 for one unit increase, 90% IC 1.01-1.08) could be associated with the presence of LA (adjusted only for age and gender). In a multiple regression analysis with all the aforementioned variables, age (p=0.002), diabetes (p=0.003), and OSA severity (p=0.04) were predictors of the presence of LA. Conclusion: Patients with severe OSA had higher risk for mild to moderate LA when compared to patients with mild or moderate OSA.

scholarly journals Is there an association between ageist attitudes and frailty?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Salguero ◽  
Juliana Ferri-Guerra ◽  
Nadeem Y. Mohammed ◽  
Dhanya Baskaran ◽  
Raquel Aparicio-Ugarriza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Frailty Status

Abstract Background Frailty is defined as a state of vulnerability to stressors that is associated with higher morbidity, mortality and healthcare utilization in older adults. Ageism is “a process of systematic stereotyping and discrimination against people because they are old.” Explicit biases involve deliberate or conscious controls, while implicit bias involve unconscious processes. Multiple studies show that self-directed ageism is a risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine whether explicit ageist attitudes are associated with frailty in Veterans. Methods This is a cross-sectional study of Veterans 50 years and older who completed the Kogan’s Attitudes towards Older People Scale (KAOP) scale to assess explicit ageist attitudes and the Implicit Association Test (IAT) to evaluate implicit ageist attitudes from July 2014 through April 2015. We constructed a frailty index (FI) of 44 variables (demographics, comorbidities, number of medications, laboratory tests, and activities of daily living) that was retrospectively applied to the time of completion of the KAOP and IAT. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by multinomial logistic regression models with frailty status (robust, prefrail and frail) as the outcome variable, and with KAOP and IAT scores as the independent variables. Age, race, ethnicity, median household income and comorbidities were considered as covariates. Results Patients were 89.76% male, 48.03% White, 87.93% non-Hispanic and the mean age was 60.51 (SD = 7.16) years. The proportion of robust, pre-frail and frail patients was 11.02% (n = 42), 59.58% (n = 227) and 29.40% (n = 112) respectively. The KAOP was completed by 381 and the IAT by 339 participants. In multinomial logistic regression, neither explicit ageist attitudes (KAOP scale score) nor implicit ageist attitudes (IAT) were associated with frailty in community dwelling Veterans after adjusting for covariates: OR = .98 (95% CI = .95–1.01), p = .221, and OR:=.97 (95% CI = .37–2.53), p = .950 respectively. Conclusions This study shows that neither explicit nor implicit ageist attitudes were associated with frailty in community dwelling Veterans. Further longitudinal and larger studies with more diverse samples and measured with other ageism scales should evaluate the independent contribution of ageist attitudes to frailty in older adults.

scholarly journals Dietary inflammatory index and metabolic syndrome in Iranian population (Fasa Persian Cohort Study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ariya ◽  
Hadi Raeisi Shahraki ◽  
Mojtaba Farjam ◽  
Elham Ehrampoush ◽  
Ehsan Bahramali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Index ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Unit Increase

Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the risk factors for all causes of mortality. Inflammation is an important risk factor for MetS. The present cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between MetS and pro-inflammatory diet by using the food inflammation index (DII). This study consists of 10,017 participants with an age range of 35 to 70 years. The Fasa Cohort Study (FACS) population (Fars Province, Iran) was used to collect data. The DII was estimated according to Shivappa et al. method using a validated 125-item FFQ. To determine the association between MetS components and DII Logistic regression was used (P > 0.05). The overall mean of DII was − 0.89 ± 1.74. However, adjusted multinomial logistic regression indicates each unit increase in waist circumference (WC) (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96–0.99) and HDL-C (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.98–0.99) was associated with significantly decreased odds of being in the 4th DII quartile in men and all participations respectively, there is no statistically significant relationship between MetS and DII. Overall, although people in the highest quartile of inflammatory food consumption had more likely to develop MetS, this relationship was not statistically significant among males and females.

App use frequency and condomless anal intercourse among men who have sex with men in Beijing, China: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1146-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Luo ◽  
Zunyou Wu ◽  
Zihuang Chen ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
Guodong Mi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Condomless Anal Intercourse ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Beijing China

Gay dating applications (apps) are popular among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. This study examined the relationship between gay dating app use frequency and condomless anal intercourse (CAI) in a sample of MSM in Beijing. In October 2017, a web-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted among MSM from Beijing, China. Demographics, frequency of app use, and sexual behaviors were collected and analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate the association between app use frequency and CAI. Of the 9280 participants, the proportion of CAI within one month prior to the survey was 43.3%, and 43.7% logged onto the app ≥11 times per week. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, logging onto the app 6–10 times per week and ≥11 times per week were inversely associated with CAI (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =0.88 [95%CI, 0.78–0.99]; AOR = 0.88 [95%CI, 0.82–0.97], respectively). Among those 40 years of age or older, logging onto the app ≥11 times per week was associated with lower rates of CAI (AOR = 0.57 [95%CI, 0.40–0.81]). Results indicate that frequent app use was associated with lower odds of CAI among MSM in Beijing, China. Innovative interventions, which take advantage of this popular media platform, should be developed as such apps have been found to reduce the odds of CAI in Beijing.

scholarly journals Underweight and overweight/obesity among adults in Afghanistan: Prevalence and correlates from a national survey in 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Relative Risk Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dual Burden ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Background The study aimed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of underweight and overweight/obesity among adults in Afghanistan. Methods National cross-sectional survey data of 3,779 persons aged 18–69 years were analysed. Multinomial logistic regression was used to estimate factors associated with underweight and overweight/obesity relative to normal weight. Results In all, 7.8% of the study sample was underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²), 49.5% had normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m²), 25.5% overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m²), and 17.2% obesity. In adjusted multinomial logistic regression, factors negatively associated with underweight were male sex (Adjusted Relative Risk Ratio-ARRR: 0.55, Confidence Interval-CI: 0.32–0.95). Factors positively associated with overweight/obesity were aged 30–44 years (ARRR: 1.92, CI: 1.46–2.53) and aged 45–69 years (ARRR: 1.49, CI: 1.05–2.11) (compared to 18–29 years) (ARRR: 1.28, CI: 1.14–2.18), hypertension (ARRR: 2.69, CI: 1.88–3.85), type 2 diabetes (ARRR: 1.81, CI: 1.15–2.86), and raised cholesterol (ARRR: 2.04, CI: 1.41–2.95). Conclusion Almost one in ten adult respondents were underweight and more than two in five were overweight/obese, confirming a dual burden of malnutrition in Afghanistan.

scholarly journals Overweight and Obesity Among Adults in Iraq: Prevalence and Correlates From a National Survey in 2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supa Pengpid ◽  
Karl Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Relative Risk Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Nationally Representative

The study aimed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of overweight and obesity among adults in Iraq. Data from a 2015 nationally representative cross-sectional survey of 3,916 persons 18 years and older were analysed that responded to a questionnaire, physical and biochemical measures. Multinomial logistic regression was utilized to predict determinants of overweight and obesity relative to under or normal weight. Results indicate that 3.6% of the participants were underweight (BMI &lt;18.5 kg/m&sup2;), 30.8% had normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m&sup2;), 31.8% were overweight (25.0-29.9 kg/m&sup2;), and 33.9% had obesity (BMI &ge; 30.0 kg/m&sup2;). In adjusted multinomial logistic regression, aged 40-49 years (Adjusted Relative Risk Ratio-ARRR: 4.47, Confidence Interval-CI: 3.39-5.91), urban residence (ARRR: 1.28, CI: 1.14-2.18), hypertension (ARRR: 3.13, CI: 2.36-4.17) were positively, and male sex (ARRR: 0.47, CI: 0.33-0.68), having more than primary education (ARRR: 0.69, CI: 0.50-0.94), and larger household size (&ge;5 members) (ARRR: 0.45, CI: 0.33-0.60) were negativey associated with obesity. About two in three adult participants were overweight/obese, and sociodemographic and health risk factors were found that can be utilized in targeting interventions.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage Rates and Associated Factors: A Community-Based, Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Beijing, 2019–2020

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1070
Author(s):  
Yan Liang ◽  
Xinxin Bai ◽  
Xinyao Liu ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Xinghuo Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
Coverage Rates

Hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates are low throughout most populations in China. Factors influencing low coverage rates, including population-specific hepatitis B vaccination barriers, may inform policies that promote vaccination. A cross-sectional survey of residents from 43 communities assessed their vaccination status and identified associated factors via uni- and multivariable logistic regression and subgroup analyses. In total, 11,280 of 36,007 respondents received a hepatitis B vaccine, indicating a 31.33% coverage rate. Multivariable logistic regression revealed non-Beijing (odds ratio (OR) = 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76–0.85) and residents who self-rated their health as very healthy (OR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.68–0.99) were unlikely to be vaccinated. Farmers (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.51–1.86), commerce and service workers (OR = 1.82; 95% CI, 1.63–2.04), government employees (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.38–1.77), professionals and technicians (OR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.63–2.09), and students (OR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.10–2.59) had increased hepatitis B vaccination rates. The multivariable assessment revealed hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates are associated with confirmed or suspected family cases, vaccination unwillingness or uncertainty, and unawareness of its prevention of the hepatitis B virus. Low hepatitis B vaccination coverage rates among Beijing subpopulations highlight the need for improved strategies, including those that target specific populations.

scholarly journals Psychological burden of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors among frontline doctors of Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1304
Author(s):  
Lingkan Barua ◽  
Muhammed Shahriar Zaman ◽  
Fardina Rahman Omi ◽  
Mithila Faruque
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Frontline doctors are the most vulnerable and high-risk population to get the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance and fear of COVID-19 among frontline doctors of Bangladesh during the pandemic, and the associated factors for these psychological symptoms. Methods: In total, 370 frontline doctors who were involved in the treatment of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients during the pandemic took part in an online cross-sectional study. Recruitment was completed using convenience sampling and the data were collected after the start of community transmission of COVID-19 in the country. Anxiety and depression, sleep disturbance, and fear of COVID-19 were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-4, two-item version of the Sleep Condition Indicator, and the Fear of Coronavirus-19 scale, respectively. Socio-demographic information, health service-related information, co-morbidity, and smoking history were collected for evaluating risk factors. The proportion of psychological symptoms were presented using descriptive statistics and the associated factors were identified using multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the doctors, 36.5% had anxiety, 38.4% had depression, 18.6% had insomnia, and 31.9% had fear of COVID-19. In multinomial logistic regression, inadequate resources in the workplace were found as the single most significant predictor for all psychological outcomes: anxiety and/or depression (severe, OR 3.0, p=0.01; moderate, OR 5.3, p=0.000; mild, OR 2.3, p=0.003), sleep disturbance (moderate, OR 1.9, p=0.02), and fear of COVID-19 (severe, OR 1.9, p=0.03; moderate, OR 1.8, p=0.03). Conclusions: The study demonstrated a high burden of psychological symptoms among frontline doctors of Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic situation. Inadequate resources are contributing to the poor mental health of Bangladeshi doctors. The supply of sufficient resources in workplaces and mental health counseling may help to mitigate the burden of the psychological symptoms identified among the respondents..

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