Comparative analysis of the dust retention capacity and leaf microstructure of 11 Sophora japonica clones

We used fresh leaves of Sophora japonica L. variety ‘Qingyun 1’ (A0) and 10 superior clones of the same species (A1–A10) to explore leaf morphological characteristics and total particle retention per unit leaf area under natural and artificial simulated dust deposition treatments. Our objectives were to explore the relationship between the two methods and to assess particle size distribution, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) heavy metal content, and scanning electron and atomic force microscopy (SEM and AFM) characteristics of leaf surface microstructure. Using the membership function method, we evaluated the dust retention capacity of each clone based on the mean degree of membership of its dust retention index. Using correlation analysis, we selected leaf morphological and SEM and AFM indices related significantly to dust retention capacity. Sophora japonica showed excellent overall dust retention capacity, although this capacity differed among clones. A5 had the strongest overall retention capacity, A2 had the strongest retention capacity for PM2.5, A9 had the strongest retention capacity for PM2.5–10, A0 had the strongest retention capacity for PM>10, and A2 had the strongest specific surface area (SSA) and heavy metal adsorption capacity. Overall, A1 had the strongest comprehensive dust retention ability, A5 was intermediate, and A7 had the weakest capacity. Certain leaf morphological and SEM and AFM characteristic indices correlated significantly with the dust retention capacity.

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The Quality Assessment of Stored Red Blood Cells Probed Using Atomic-Force Microscopy

Anatomy Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/869683 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

I. M. Lamzin ◽

R. M. Khayrullin

Keyword(s):

Red Blood Cells ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

High Increase ◽

Mean Values ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

The Mean ◽

The Moment

At the moment the suitability of stored red blood cells (sRBC) for transfusion is checked by routine methods such as haemoglobin estimation and the level of haemolysis. These methods cannot characterize directly the quality of the membranes of sRBC. The aim of this work is to assess the quality of sRBC based on such criteria as the membrane’s stiffness and the size and the form of sRBC. Materials and Methods. We have investigated 5 series of dry cytosmears of the sRBC which had been kept in blood bank in a period from 1 to 35 days. After AFM imaging, in every specimen, 5 RBC were chosen at random; the diameter, the height, and the stiffness were measured on each of them. Results. The present study shows high increase of the mean values of YM and height of RBC after 35 days of storage and decrease of the mean values of their diameter. Conclusion. Statistically significant high increase of the mean values of YM indicates the decrease of the elasticity of the cells in the course of storing of the RBC. This parameter along with the morphological characteristics can be used as criterion for assessment of applicability of the sRBC for blood transfusion.

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A Turn-On Fluorescent Sensor for Hg2+ Based on Graphene Oxide

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2017/9431605 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yong Wu He ◽

Yi Feng ◽

Lian Wei Kang ◽

Xiao Liang Li

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Atomic Force Microscopy ◽

Graphene Oxide ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Charge Transfer Complex ◽

Fluorescent Sensor ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Turn On ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Ft Ir

A graphene oxide- (GO-) boradiazaindacenes (BODIPY) charge-transfer complex (BGO) has been easily synthesized, and the structure of BGO was confirmed by FT-IR and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Moreover, the BGO was found that could be used as a turn-on fluorescent sensor for Hg2+. Upon addition of Hg2+, the fluorescence of BGO would be enhanced since the energy transfer between BODIPY and GO was inhibited. The selectivity and the competition performance of BGO towards Hg2+ were good among other heavy metal ions.

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Three-Dimensional Nanostructures with Biocidal Activity Created on a Siloxane-Containing Copolyimide Film

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.638.98 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 638 ◽

pp. 98-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Iuliana Stoica ◽

Andreea Irina Barzic ◽

Magdalena Aflori ◽

Camelia Hulubei ◽

Valeria Harabagiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Interfacial Area ◽

Average Roughness ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Before And After ◽

Reactive Groups ◽

Predominant Orientation

Surface morphological characteristics of a copolyimide film prepared from a fluorine-based dianhydride combined with an aliphatic siloxane-based diamine and an aromatic containing ether linkages one, were studied before and after oxigen plasma treatment using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The three-dimensional texture parameters calculated from the AFM data have highlighted a more pronounced surface morphology (higher average roughness and developed interfacial area ratio), improved bearing properties and no predominant orientation, as the plasma exposure time was increased from 6 to 10 minutes, using the same power (40 W). The reactive groups generated on the binding surface have facilitated the interaction with a biocidal agent, such as silver nitrate. This creates silver-containing nanoparticles, of about 120-150 nm, uniformly distributed on the copolymer surface, with a density of 10±2 particles/μm2. The functionalization with the biocidal agent of the flourinated copolyimide surface was conducted for testing its antimicrobial properties, namely the inhibition/destruction of Escherichia coli bacterium.

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Characterization of Liposomes Containing 5-Fluorouracil in Hydrophilic Gel Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927605050890 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 11 (S03) ◽

pp. 62-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E. G. Azevedo ◽

G. A. Ramaldes ◽

F. Frézard ◽

J. M. C. Vilela ◽

M. S. Andrade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Tumors ◽

Topical Therapy ◽

Topical Delivery ◽

Cutaneous Lesions ◽

Retention Capacity ◽

Hydrophilic Drugs ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Large Unilamellar Vesicles ◽

Hydrophilic Gel

Actinic Kerarosis (AK) are hyperqueratotic cutaneous lesions, in which an abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes of the epidermis is present [1]. Since 1960s, topical 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), a hydrophilic antimetabolite drug, has been widely used as an effective treatment for many pre-cancerous conditions and certain malignant tumors. However, the severe inflammatory reaction, clinically characterized by erosion and ulceration, which occurs in the skin following topical therapy, is still a major treatment disadvantage. Topical delivery of hydrophilic drugs through intact skin usually creates problems due to the inability of the drugs to penetrate into stratum corneum. Liposomal formulations have demonstrated capacity to increase penetration across and into skin of these drugs when compared to conventional formulations [2]. Besides, when applied on the stripped skin, in absence of barrier for drug permeation, liposomes were found to provide targeted and sustained topical delivery [3]. Thus, we hypothesized that liposomal formulation containing entrapped 5-FU could be an interesting alternative for topical treatment of AK. 5-FU encapsulation efficiency (EE) and retention in liposomes are usually low (EE less than 10%). 5-FU does not associate with the lipid bilayer [4] and EE depends mainly on the internal aqueous volume of vesicles [5]. Therefore, EE has been greater in large unilamellar vesicles (LUV) when compared to multilamellar vesicles (MLV) and the physical state of the bilayer determines the retention capacity of the vesicles [6]. Recently, MLV liposomes containing 5-FU were prepared with high EE, but with an average vesicle diameter of 5 m [7].

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Aluminum-Doped Titanium Dioxide Thin Films: A Study of Different Concentrations on Poly(3-hexylthiophene): PhenylC61-Butyric Acid Metheyester-Based Organic Solar Cells

Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience ◽

10.1166/jctn.2020.9409 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (11) ◽

pp. 4849-4854

Author(s):

Buraq T. Sh. Al-Mosawi ◽

Mohammed K. Al-Hashimi ◽

Ameer F. Abdulameer

Keyword(s):

Titanium Dioxide ◽

Solar Cells ◽

Organic Solar Cells ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Doped Titanium Dioxide ◽

Gel Preparation ◽

Titanium Dioxide Thin Films

Sol–gel preparation method usually used to prepare the metal oxides. So, it is a rewarding process to prepare the electron selective film made of aluminum-doped titanium dioxide (Al-doped TiO2). The latter was used to fabricate the inverted organic solar cells P2HT:PCBM. The doping content with Al impact on the optical and morphological characteristics of each film were examined. These characteristics were analyzed depending on the magnified images of the prepared samples by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) in addition to the Uv-vis spectroscopic results. The outcomes revealed that the concentration of Al doping has potential influences on the optical properties, XRD results and surface morphology. The J–V curve characteristics of each solar cell utilizing Al–TiO2 film were analyzed and noticed that the most powerful conservation efficiency is 2.09% when using Al–TiO2 layer with 0.5 wt.% Al as a doping element.

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Ultra-Precision Shaping and Polishing Experiments in Nanoparticle Colloid Jet Machining

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.1759 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 291-294 ◽

pp. 1759-1763 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiao Zong Song ◽

Yong Zhang ◽

Fei Hu Zhang

Keyword(s):

Atomic Force Microscopy ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Surface Profile ◽

Surface Shape ◽

Workpiece Surface ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Ultra Precision ◽

Nanoparticle Colloid ◽

Observation Results

In this paper, ultra-precision shaping and polishing experiments have been done to research the shaping and polishing characters of nanoparticle colloid jet machining. A high-purity quartz glass sample with aspheric surface profile was employed as workpiece and polished by nanoparticle colloid jet machining. We utilized surface profilometer to measure the surface profiles of workpiece before and after shaping by nanoparticle colloid jet machining. The measurement results indicate that the nanoparticle colloid jet machining has good shaping ability to satisfy the demands for surface shape correction in ultra-precision machining. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was utilized to observe the surface microscopic morphological characteristics of the workpiece surface polished by nanoparticle colloid jet machining. The observation results show that the roughness of the workpiece surface has been reduced from 1.919 nm RMS to 0.784 nm RMS by nanoparticle colloid jet machining. Based on the atomic force microscopy observation results, power spectral density analyses have been done to evaluate the polishing performance of the nanoparticle colloid jet machining.

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Cellulose nanofibrils manufactured by various methods with application as paper strength additives

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-91420-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jinsong Zeng ◽

Zhanting Zeng ◽

Zheng Cheng ◽

Yu Wang ◽

Xiaojun Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Performance ◽

Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Paper Strength ◽

Recycled Paper ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Practical Applications ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Cnf Films

AbstractRecycled paper and some hardwood paper often display poorer mechanical properties, which hinder its practical applications and need to be addressed. In this work, cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) obtained by a combined process of enzymatic hydrolysis and grinding (EG-CNFs), grinding and microfluidization (GH-CNFs) or TEMPO-mediated oxidation and grinding (TE-CNFs) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Moreover, CNFs were made into films on which some characterizations including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–Vis transmittance spectroscopy were implemented. Results showed that CNF fibrillation was promoted as times of passes increased in microfluidization, and CNFs pretreated by enzyme possessed shorter length. Crystallinity of CNFs was related to CNF manufacturing methods, while CNF films’ transparency was correlated to CNF diameter distributions. Moreover, CNFs were applied with different dosages on recycled and hardwood paper. Lengths of CNFs, strength of CNF network, and pulp properties were critical factors affecting the mechanical strength of CNFs-enhanced paper. GH-CNFs showed better strengthened effect on tensile strength of paper than TE-CNFs and EG-CNFs. The best overall improvement was achieved at GH-CNF10 dosage of 5.0 wt% on hardwood paper. The increment of tensile index, burst index, and folding endurance were 108.32%, 104.65%, and 600%, respectively. This work aims to find out the relationship between production methods and morphologies of CNFs and how the morphological characteristics of CNFs affecting the mechanical performance of paper when they are added as strength additives.

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Studying the Effect of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Prepared on the Surface of Poly Methyl Methacrylate

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.2020.17.2(si).0642 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2(SI)) ◽

pp. 0642

Author(s):

Ahmed Mohammed et al.

Keyword(s):

Metal Oxide ◽

Methyl Methacrylate ◽

Magnesium Oxide ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Atomic Force ◽

Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Index Value

In this paper, magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPS) have been prepared and characterized and its concentration effect has been studied on polymers surface (MgO NPS). The results showed that the degradation of poly methyl methacrylate increased when using such metal oxide. The results also showed that the metal oxide increased the degradation of poly methyl methacrylate. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy were used to study the morphological characteristics and size of nano MgO particles analysis. Films were prepared by mixing the different masses of MgO NPS (0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4) % with a polymer solution ratio (W/V) 7 %. Photo- degradation rate was monitored irradiation’s time by measuring the incident frequency of the index value of the hydroxyl coefficient of growth (IOH) at fixed film thickness and constant concentration. Spectrophotometry (IR, and UV. Visible) techniques were used to determine the change in the intensity of the spectrum bundles.

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