scholarly journals The effect of risk framing on support for restrictive government policy regarding the COVID-19 outbreak

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258132
Author(s):  
Kirill Chmel ◽  
Aigul Klimova ◽  
Nikita Savin
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Prosocial Values ◽  
Risk Framing ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Restrictive Policy

This confirmatory research investigates the influence of risk framing of COVID-19 on support for restrictive government policy based on two web survey experiments in Russia. Using 2x2 factorial design, we estimated two main effects–factors of risk severity (low vs. high) and object at risk (individual losses vs. losses to others). First, focusing on higher risks had a positive effect on support for the government’s restrictive policy. Second, focusing on the losses for others did not produce stronger support for the restrictive policy compared to focusing on personal losses. However, we found a positive moderation effect of such prosocial values as universalism and benevolence. We found that those with prosocial values had a stronger positive effect in the “losses for others” condition and were more willing to support government restrictive policy when others were included. The effects found in our experimental study reveal both positive and negative aspects in risk communication during the pandemic, which may have a great and long-term impact on trust, attitudes, and behavior.

It's Good to Be Different: How Diversity Impacts Judgments of Moral Behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzma Khan ◽  
Ajay Kalra
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Consumer Attitudes ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Corporate Diversity ◽  
The Media ◽  
Greater Good ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Recently, conversation on diversity and inclusion has been at the forefront in the media as well as the workplace. Though research has examined how diversity impacts organizational culture and decision-making, little attention has been given to how corporate diversity impacts consumers’ responses to the firm. This article establishes a link between diversity and the perceived morality of market actors. A series of studies demonstrate that greater diversity (racial, gender, or national) in a corporate team leads to perceptions of greater morality of the firm and its representatives and, as a consequence, results in more favorable consumer attitudes and behavior towards the firm. This positive effect arises because consumers perceive diverse teams as possessing higher perspective-taking abilities. Since marketplace morality is concerned with the greater good, we argue that higher perceptions of perspective-taking signal that the team will safeguard the broad interests of the community rather than serve narrow interest groups. The findings have broad implications since consumers are increasingly concerned with moral consumption. Our research suggests that diversity in the workforce is not only important for team performance and social equity but can shape consumers’ sentiments and behaviors towards the firm.

scholarly journals Dictators and Their Subjects: Authoritarian Attitudinal Effects and Legacies

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1839-1860
Author(s):  
Anja Neundorf ◽  
Grigore Pop-Eleches
Keyword(s):  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Attitudinal Effects ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
New Framework

This introductory essay outlines the key themes of the special issue on the long-term impact of autocracies on the political attitudes and behavior of their subjects. Here, we highlight several important areas of theoretical and empirical refinements, which can provide a more nuanced picture of the process through which authoritarian attitudinal legacies emerge and persist. First, we define the nature of attitudinal legacies and their driving mechanisms, developing a framework of competing socialization. Second, we use the competing socialization framework to explain two potential sources of heterogeneity in attitudinal and behavioral legacies: varieties of institutional features of authoritarian regimes, which affect the nature of regime socialization efforts; and variations across different subgroups of (post-)authoritarian citizens, which reflect the nature and strength of alternative socialization efforts. This new framework can help us to better understand contradictory findings in this emerging literature as well as set a new agenda for future research.

scholarly journals Peran Keluarga Dalam Menurunkan Tanda Gejala Halusinasi Pasien Skizofrenia: Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1777-1783
Author(s):  
Nevita Candra Pangestika ◽  
Eka Budiarto
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Family Roles ◽  
Parental Closeness ◽  
The Family ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

AbstractSchizophrenia is a mental illness that has a long-term impact. One of the symptoms of schizophrenia is hallucinations. Hallucinations are perceptual disturbances in which the client perceives something that does not exist. One of the things that families do is help family members by playing a role in assisting the clients in controlling hallucinations. The study aimed to determine the role of the family in reducing the hallucination symptoms of schizophrenic patients based on the available evidence. The literature review used Scopus, Science Direct, and GARUDA databases. Articles are selected based on the suitability of keywords, topics, as well as inclusion and exclusion criteria. The appraisal instrument by Hawker was used to select high-quality evidence. The findings of this study highlighted three levels of family roles in reducing symptoms of hallucinations in schizophrenic patients. The first level, the family must be able to see the patient's needs and maintain parental closeness. The second level, the family must be able to provide financial support for patient care, the family should be involved in groups that provide support as well. The third levels, all families must develop a good relationship to help patients with hallucinations to change their attitudes and behavior. Family roles are essential in reducing symptoms of hallucination in schizophrenic patients. This evidence can be used as scientific references to be applied as nursing care interventions.Keywords: Family Roles, Hallucinations, Schizophrenia AbstrakSkizofrenia merupakan penyakit kejiwaan yang memiliki dampak jangka panjang. Salah satu tanda gejala skizofrenia adalah halusinasi. Halusinasi ialah gangguan persepsi di mana klien mempersepsikan sesuatu yang sebenarnya tidak terjadi. Salah satu yang di lakukan keluarga ialah membantu anggota keluarganya dengan cara ikut berperan membantu klien untuk bisa mengontrol halusinasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran keluarga dalam menurunkan tanda gejala halusinasi pasien skizofrenia berdasarkan literatur evidence yang tersedia. Penelitian menggunakan metode literature review. Database yang digunakan untuk pencarian artikel adalah Scopus, Science Direct, dan GARUDA. Artikel diseleksi berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan kata kunci, topik serta kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditentukan. Hasil penelusuran didapatkan sebanyak 5 artikel, 2 artikel berbahasa Inggris dan 3 artikel berbahasa Indonesia. Instrumen telaah kritis yang digunakan untuk menelaah kualitas artikel adalah instrumen oleh Hawker et al 2002. Terdapat temuan berupa 3 tingkatan peran keluarga dalam menurunkan tanda gejala halusinasi pasien skizofrenia : tingkatan pertama keluarga harus mampu melihat kebutuhan pasien dan mempertahankan kedekatan orangtua, Tingkatan kedua keluarga harus mampu memberikan dukungan financial untuk perawatan pasien dan terlibatan dalam kelompok yang member dukungan dan Tingkatan ketiga keluarga harus mengembangkan hubungan dengan benar untuk membantu pasien halusinasi untuk merubah sikap dan perilaku. Upaya peningkatan peran keluarga dalam menurunkan tanda gejala halusinasi pasien skizofrenia ini didapatkan dari bukti ilmiah yang valid sehingga dapat dijadikan referensi ilmiah untuk diaplikasikan sebagai intervensi asuhan keperawatan.Kata Kunci : Halusinasi, Peran Keluarga, Skizofrenia.

Who Should the Military Recruit? The Effects of Institutional, Occupational, and Self-Enhancement Enlistment Motives on Soldier Identification and Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd D. Woodruff
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Organizational Identification ◽  
Military Recruit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Funding ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Military ◽  
Positive Effect

The U.S. military spends millions of dollars and substantial institutional effort to understand enlistment motives and appropriately target incentives, recruiting effort, and marketing to prospective members. Similarly, researchers have worked for decades to identify, understand, and conceptualize enlistment motives. Much less effort has been made to understand the effect enlistment motives/goals have on individuals after they join. This research uses well-established enlistment motives/goals to identify and understand their effects on soldiers’ value to the military in terms of organizational identification and critical discretionary behaviors. Using multicohort cross-sectional data from future, initial training, and currently serving soldiers, this research finds that intrinsic enlistment motives/goals, such as altruistic service and self-enhancement, create greater relational and behavioral value than most extrinsic/economic enlistment motives/goals such as pay, gaining skills for future employment, and educational funding. Intrinsic enlistment motives/goals have a strong positive effect on perceptions of the organization, social satisfaction, organizational identification, and discretionary pro-organizational behaviors. Conversely, economic enlistment goals tend to be associated with higher levels of economic satisfaction but decreased organizational identification and pro-organizational behavior. Importantly, these effects tend to persist among soldiers who have been in the military for years. Contrary to the institutional–occupational framework, self-focused enlistment goals, both intrinsic and extrinsic, can creative substantial value for the military when they are aligned with organizational interests. Based on these findings, the practice of using enlistment motives/goals to maximizing enlistment without considering their long-term impact on relationship quality and behavior appears myopic and may fail to maximize long-term value for the military.

Measuring Status Inconsistency

1988 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Curtis Brown ◽  
Gary A. Cretser ◽  
Thomas E. Lasswell
Keyword(s):  
Identification Problem ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Extremism ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Status Inconsistency ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Main Effects

There have been many attempts to isolate and measure the effects of status inconsistency (S-I) on a variety of dependent variables, including self-evaluation (Goffman, 1957), social isolation (Geschwender, 1967), political attitudes and behavior (Lenski, 1954), political extremism (Rush, 1967), prejudice (Geschwender, 1970), and psychological stress (Hornung, 1977) among numerous others. These efforts have not, for the most part, dealt satisfactorily with the identification problem demonstrated by Blalock (1965, 1966, 1967, 1968), Hodge (1970), and Hope (1975). This problem arises when one tries to separate the effects of two or more status indicators. A model that tends to overestimate S-I effects is used in the present article. Status consistency's main effects are controlled by using only consistent individuals. The model is employed to explain the variance in an array of dependent variables that have been linked to S-I. This is accomplished using two recent NORC General Social Surveys for the United States and comparative data from a Euro-barometer survey drawn from seven Western European countries. Evidence generated by “objective” measures offers little support for significant empirical effects of S-I. The few significant effects that emerge in one sample are not replicated in the others.

Pride amid Prejudice: The Influence of LGBT+ Rights Activism in a Socially Conservative Society

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
PHILLIP M. AYOUB ◽  
DOUGLAS PAGE ◽  
SAM WHITT
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Experiment ◽  
Panel Surveys ◽  
Mass Publics ◽  
Lgbt Activism ◽  
Bisexual And Transgender ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Minorities At Risk ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Positive Effect

How do mass publics react to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT+) advocacy efforts in socially conservative societies? We consider how the first-ever LGBT+ Pride in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina influences ordinary citizens’ attitudes and behavior regarding LGBT+ support. Using nationwide and local panel surveys, we find that support for LGBT+ activism increased locally after the Pride but did not diffuse nationwide, signaling how proximity mechanisms reinforce Pride effects. In survey experiments, we show that subjects are responsive to both mobilization and counter-mobilization appeals by local activists. We also find evidence from a behavioral experiment that the Pride had a positive effect on shifting the allocation of financial resources toward local pro-LGBT+ activists and away from opposition groups. Finally, in-depth interviews with local LGBT+ activists underscore the challenges facing LGBT+ activism in socially conservative societies but also point to the substantial possibilities of collective action on behalf of minorities at risk.

scholarly journals Bagaimana Literasi dan Perilaku Keuangan pada Generasi Milenial?

Telaah Bisnis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mega Noerman Ningtyas ◽  
Novi Lailiyul Wafiroh
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Literacy Education ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
The Public ◽  
High Level ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Positive Effect

The rise of illegal investment in Indonesia has made the OJK more vigorously conducting financial literacy education to the public. It is hoped that victims of illegal investment can be minimized in such a way that they can increase inclusion and public trust in financial services institutions and products in Indonesia. Research shows that individuals who have a high level of financial literacy will tend to do good financial planning such as: saving, making budgeting, paying debts on time and investing. This study aims to measure the level of financial literacy and how it affects financial behavior in millennial generations. Millennial generation here is the generation born between 1980-1994. This generation has unique characteristics where it is very concerned about social life and tends to be more consumptive than the previous generation. This is what makes it difficult for this generation to wisely manage finances. The results of this study indicate that financial literacy shows a significant positive effect on financial behavior. From this research it can be said that differences in knowledge will lead to differences in attitudes and behavior.

Using Binding Communication to Promote Conservation Among Hotel Guests

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lohyd Terrier ◽  
Benedicte Marfaing
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Classical Communication ◽  
Persuasive Message ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This research applies the binding communication model to the sustainable communication strategies implemented in most hotels. The binding communication model links a persuasive message with the implementation of a low-cost commitment to strengthen the link between the attitudes and behavior of those receiving the message. We compared the effectiveness of a classical communication strategy (n = 86) with that of a binding communication strategy (n = 101) to encourage guests to choose sustainable behavior. Our results show that using the binding communication strategy generates significantly more sustainable behavior in guests than using the classical communication strategy. We discuss our results and suggest future avenues of research.

Risk Attitudes and Behavior Among Norwegian Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Iversen ◽  
Torbjørn Rundmo ◽  
Hroar Klempe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Behavior Modification ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Risk Attitudes ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
The Core ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract. The core aim of the present study is to compare the effects of a safety campaign and a behavior modification program on traffic safety. As is the case in community-based health promotion, the present study's approach of the attitude campaign was based on active participation of the group of recipients. One of the reasons why many attitude campaigns conducted previously have failed may be that they have been society-based public health programs. Both the interventions were carried out simultaneously among students aged 18-19 years in two Norwegian high schools (n = 342). At the first high school the intervention was behavior modification, at the second school a community-based attitude campaign was carried out. Baseline and posttest data on attitudes toward traffic safety and self-reported risk behavior were collected. The results showed that there was a significant total effect of the interventions although the effect depended on the type of intervention. There were significant differences in attitude and behavior only in the sample where the attitude campaign was carried out and no significant changes were found in the group of recipients of behavior modification.

If I Had Something to Add, I Would

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Isaac A. Lindquist ◽  
Emily E. Adams ◽  
Joseph A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Job Attitudes ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Meeting Effectiveness ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract. Most employees participate in workplace meetings, and their experiences in meetings can vary greatly, which can lead to positive or negative effects on both job attitudes and behavior. In this study, we examined the effect that a meeting attendee’s competence in the meeting topic had on their participation in the meeting and their perception of meeting effectiveness. Results indicated those with higher levels of competence in the meeting topic were more likely to participate and through participation found their meeting more effective; this relationship was stronger when employee dissent in the meetings was high. Leaders should ensure that those who are present in a meeting are competent in the topic of the meeting and encourage them to participate.

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