scholarly journals Association of microbial dynamics with urinary estrogens and estrogen metabolites in patients with endometriosis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261362
Author(s):  
Nhung Le ◽  
Melissa Cregger ◽  
Veronica Brown ◽  
Julio Loret de Mola ◽  
Pamela Bremer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Estrogen Metabolism ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Microbial Dynamics ◽  
Estrogen Metabolites ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Urinary Estrogens

Endometriosis is an estrogen dependent gynecological disease associated with altered microbial phenotypes. The association among endogenous estrogen, estrogen metabolites, and microbial dynamics on disease pathogenesis has not been fully investigated. Here, we identified estrogen metabolites as well as microbial phenotypes in non-diseased patients (n = 9) and those with pathologically confirmed endometriosis (P-EOSIS, n = 20), on day of surgery (DOS) and ~1–3 weeks post-surgical intervention (PSI). Then, we examined the effects of surgical intervention with or without hormonal therapy (OCPs) on estrogen and microbial profiles of both study groups. For estrogen metabolism analysis, liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantify urinary estrogens. The microbiome data assessment was performed with Next generation sequencing to V4 region of 16S rRNA. Surgical intervention and hormonal therapy altered gastrointestinal (GI), urogenital (UG) microbiomes, urinary estrogen and estrogen metabolite levels in P-EOSIS. At DOS, 17β-estradiol was enhanced in P-EOSIS treated with OCPs. At PSI, 16-keto-17β-estradiol was increased in P-EOSIS not receiving OCPs while 2-hydroxyestradiol and 2-hydroxyestrone were decreased in P-EOSIS receiving OCPs. GI bacterial α-diversity was greater for controls and P-EOSIS that did not receive OCPs. P-EOSIS not utilizing OCPs exhibited a decrease in UG bacterial α-diversity and differences in dominant taxa, while P-EOSIS utilizing OCPs had an increase in UG bacterial α-diversity. P-EOSIS had a strong positive correlation between the GI/UG bacteria species and the concentrations of urinary estrogen and its metabolites. These results indicate an association between microbial dysbiosis and altered urinary estrogens in P-EOSIS, which may impact disease progression.

scholarly journals Steroidomics for the Prevention, Assessment, and Management of Cancers: A Systematic Review and Functional Analysis

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hoang Anh ◽  
Nguyen Phuoc Long ◽  
Sun Jo Kim ◽  
Jung Eun Min ◽  
Sang Jun Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Functional Analysis ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Estrogen Metabolism ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Estrogen Metabolites ◽  
High Throughput Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Analytical Technique

Steroidomics, an analytical technique for steroid biomarker mining, has received much attention in recent years. This systematic review and functional analysis, following the PRISMA statement, aims to provide a comprehensive review and an appraisal of the developments and fundamental issues in steroid high-throughput analysis, with a focus on cancer research. We also discuss potential pitfalls and proposed recommendations for steroidomics-based clinical research. Forty-five studies met our inclusion criteria, with a focus on 12 types of cancer. Most studies focused on cancer risk prediction, followed by diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy monitoring. Prostate cancer was the most frequently studied cancer. Estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone, and cortisol were mostly reported and altered in at least four types of cancer. Estrogen and estrogen metabolites were highly reported to associate with women-related cancers. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that steroidogenesis; androgen and estrogen metabolism; and androstenedione metabolism were significantly altered in cancers. Our findings indicated that estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone, cortisol, and estrogen metabolites, among others, could be considered oncosteroids. Despite noble achievements, significant shortcomings among the investigated studies were small sample sizes, cross-sectional designs, potential confounding factors, and problematic statistical approaches. More efforts are required to establish standardized procedures regarding study design, analytical procedures, and statistical inference.

Amenorrhea rates in women treated with novel oral, continuous hormonal therapy of body identical 17β-estradiol and micronized progesterone

Maturitas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 85-86
Author(s):  
James H. Pickar ◽  
David F. Archer ◽  
Shelli Graham ◽  
Renata Zablotna ◽  
Mitra Boolell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Micronized Progesterone

scholarly journals Scale-Dependent Effects of Growth Stage and Elevational Gradient on Rice Phyllosphere Bacterial and Fungal Microbial Patterns in the Terrace Field

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Wang ◽  
Jianping Dai ◽  
Luyun Luo ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Decai Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Elevation Gradients ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Phyllosphere Bacteria

The variation of phyllosphere bacterial and fungal communities along elevation gradients may provide a potential link with temperature, which corresponds to an elevation over short geographic distances. At the same time, the plant growth stage is also an important factor affecting phyllosphere microorganisms. Understanding microbiological diversity over changes in elevation and among plant growth stages is important for developing crop growth ecological theories. Thus, we investigated variations in the composition of the rice phyllosphere bacterial and fungal communities at five sites along an elevation gradient from 580 to 980 m above sea level (asl) in the Ziquejie Mountain at the seedling, heading, and mature stages, using high-throughput Illumina sequencing methods. The results revealed that the dominant bacterial phyla were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes, and the dominant fungal phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, which varied significantly at different elevation sites and growth stages. Elevation had a greater effect on the α diversity of phyllosphere bacteria than on that phyllosphere fungi. Meanwhile, the growth stage had a great effect on the α diversity of both phyllosphere bacteria and fungi. Our results also showed that the composition of bacterial and fungal communities varied significantly along elevation within the different growth stages, in terms of both changes in the relative abundance of species, and that the variations in bacterial and fungal composition were well correlated with variations in the average elevation. A total of 18 bacterial and 24 fungal genera were significantly correlated with elevational gradient, displaying large differences at the various growth stages. Soluble protein (SP) shared a strong positive correlation with bacterial and fungal communities (p < 0.05) and had a strong significant negative correlation with Serratia, Passalora, unclassified_Trichosphaeriales, and antioxidant enzymes (R > 0.5, p < 0.05), and significant positive correlation with the fungal genera Xylaria, Gibberella, and Penicillium (R > 0.5, p < 0.05). Therefore, it suggests that elevation and growth stage might alter both the diversity and abundance of phyllosphere bacterial and fungal populations.

A CONSTRAINT-BASED STOICHIOMETRIC MODEL OF THE STEROIDOGENIC NETWORK OF ZEBRAFISH (DANIO RERIO)

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 669-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. HALA ◽  
A. AMIN ◽  
A. MIKLER ◽  
D. B. HUGGETT
Keyword(s):  
Objective Function ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Biochemical Network ◽  
Estrogen Metabolism ◽  
Physiological Models ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions ◽  
Enzyme Catalyzed Reactions

The metabolic process of steroidogenesis exhibits a complex biochemical network topology as the activity of various steroidogenic enzymes control cholesterol metabolism to steroid hormone derivatives. In this paper, a stoichiometric reconstruction of a sub-set of 65 reactions from the zebrafish (Danio rerio) steroidogenic network is presented and simulated using uniform reaction constraints. The reconstruction defined a set of 65 enzyme catalyzed reactions and 37 exchange or transport reactions for steroid metabolites. The reconstructed reactions were inclusive of cholesterol and androgen/estrogen metabolism. Biased (statement of network objective function) and un-biased (no statement of objective function) analyses were applied to identify network properties dependent on reaction stoichiometry. Random sampling of flux distributions through the network identified highly-correlated reaction sets that corresponded to the catalysis of steroid metabolites of physiological relevance. Subsequently, optimal flux distributions through network pathways were determined for the production of the three steroidogenic metabolites of: 11-deoxycorticosterone, testosterone and 17β-estradiol. Furthermore, flux variability analyses revealed and confirmed optimal network fluxes through physiologically feasible pathways. The stoichiometric dependence of reactions was also confirmed by conducting deletions of reactions utilized for the optimal production of 17β-estradiol. This paper demonstrates the potential application of constraint-based reconstruction and simulation techniques in enabling the construction of deterministic and predictive physiological models. This acknowledgement is poignant considering the susceptibility of the steroidogenic network to environmental and anthropogenic stressors.

scholarly journals Associations of the Fecal Microbiome With Urinary Estrogens and Estrogen Metabolites in Postmenopausal Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 4632-4640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Fuhrman ◽  
Heather Spencer Feigelson ◽  
Roberto Flores ◽  
Mitchell H. Gail ◽  
Xia Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Estrogen Metabolites ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
Urinary Estrogens

scholarly journals Caffeine, Coffee, and Tea Intake and Urinary Estrogens and Estrogen Metabolites in Premenopausal Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1174-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia S. Sisti ◽  
Susan E. Hankinson ◽  
Neil E. Caporaso ◽  
Fangyi Gu ◽  
Rulla M. Tamimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Estrogen Metabolites ◽  
Urinary Estrogens

Progress in solving the sex hormone paradox in pulmonary hypertension

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (1) ◽  
pp. L7-L26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Lahm ◽  
Rubin M. Tuder ◽  
Irina Petrache
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Estrogen Metabolism ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating and progressive disease with marked morbidity and mortality. Even though being female represents one of the most powerful risk factors for PAH, multiple questions about the underlying mechanisms remain, and two “estrogen paradoxes” in PAH exist. First, it is puzzling why estrogens have been found to be protective in various animal models of PAH, whereas PAH registries uniformly demonstrate a female susceptibility to the disease. Second, despite the pronounced tendency for the disease to develop in women, female PAH patients exhibit better survival than men. Recent mechanistic studies in classical and in novel animal models of PAH, as well as recent studies in PAH patients, have significantly advanced the field. In particular, it is now accepted that estrogen metabolism and receptor signaling, as well as estrogen interactions with key pathways in PAH development, appear to be potent disease modifiers. A better understanding of these interactions may lead to novel PAH therapies. It is the purpose of this review to 1) review sex hormone synthesis, metabolism, and receptor physiology; 2) assess the context in which sex hormones affect PAH pathogenesis; 3) provide a potential explanation for the observed estrogen paradoxes and gender differences in PAH; and 4) identify knowledge gaps and future research opportunities. Because the majority of published studies investigated 17β-estradiol and/or its metabolites, this review will primarily focus on pulmonary vascular and right ventricular effects of estrogens. Data for other sex hormones will be discussed very briefly.

scholarly journals PROCALCITONIN, C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AND FIBRINOGEN LEVELS IN CASES WITH MECHANIC BOWEL OBSTRUCTION AND THEIR CHANGE IN RELATION TO THE DURATION OF OBSTRUCTION: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Guzel ◽  
Sahin Kahramanca ◽  
Oskay Kaya ◽  
Gulay Ozgehan ◽  
Demet Yilmazer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Mechanical Bowel Obstruction

The need and timing of surgical intervention in patients with adhesive bowel obstruction is a dilemma. We aimed to investigate the role of three acute-phase reactants, namely procalcitonin (PCT), fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (CRP) in this clinical condition We chose a rat model whose mechanical bowel obstruction was created with caecum ligation. There were two study groups and one control group. Each group contained ten subjects. The study groups had and six-hour obstruction samples. Blood PCT, fibrinogen and CRP levels were measured before and after the surgical procedure. These parameters were compared between the groups and they were also evaluated with the degree of histopathological changes occurred in terminal ileal tissue samples. Compared with the control group, PCT measurements showed a mild decrease in the early phase of obstruction but a significant elevation in the late phase (p: 0,977 and p: 0,001). Unlike PCT, fibrinogen levels increased at first but decreased later (p: 0,978 and p: 0,326). We observed an increase in CRP levels parallel to the prolonged duration of obstruction (p: 0,987 and p: 0,134). With regard to mucosal injury, PCT levels increased at first, and then decreased (p: 0,003). On the other hand, fibrinogen and CRP levels decreased at first, and then increased (p: 0,139 and p: 0,102). The acute-phase reactants PCT, fibrinogen and CRP associated with the duration of obstruction may help to determine the time of surgical intervention in patients with adhesive mechanical bowel obstruction.

Dysbiosis of Fecal Microbiota in Allergic Rhinitis Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 650-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Liu ◽  
Jing Tao ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Xiaolin Cao ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Background The gut microbiota plays an important role in shaping the immune system and may be closely connected to the development of allergic diseases. Objective This study aimed to determine the gut microbiota composition in Chinese allergic rhinitis (AR) patients as compared with healthy controls (HCs). Methods We collected stool samples from 93 AR patients and 72 age- and sex-matched HCs. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed using QIIME targeting the 16S rRNA gene. Functional pathways were predicted using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States. Statistical analysis was performed using the R program, linear discriminant analysis effect size (LefSe), analysis of QIIME, and statistical analysis of metagenomic profiles, among other tests. Results Compared with HCs, AR patients had significantly lower gut-microbiota α-diversity ( P < .001). The gut microbiota composition significantly differed between the 2 study groups. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was higher while those of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were lower in the AR group than in the HC group ( P < .001, q < 0.001). At the genus level, Escherichia-Shigella, Prevotella, and Parabacteroides ( P < .001, q < 0.001) had significantly higher relative abundances in the AR group than in the HC group. LefSe analysis indicated that Escherichia-Shigella, Lachnoclostridium, Parabacteroides, and Dialister were potential biomarkers for AR. In addition, predictive metagenome functional analysis showed that pyruvate, porphyrin, chlorophyll, purine metabolism, and peptidoglycan biosynthesis significantly differed between the AR and HC groups. Conclusion A comparison of the gut microbiota of AR patients and HCs suggested that dysbiosis of the fecal microbiota is involved in the development of AR. The present results may reveal key differences and identify targets for preventive or therapeutic intervention.

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