Men and Depression: The Impact of Masculine Role Norms Throughout the Lifespan

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Rice ◽  
Barry Fallon ◽  
Matthew Bambling
Keyword(s):  
Group Differences ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Conformity To Masculine Norms ◽  
Masculine Norms ◽  
Masculine Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Role Norms ◽  
The Relationship

While the etiology of gender roles across the lifespan remains a matter for debate, conformity to masculine norms has been associated with poorer physical and mental health outcomes amongst men. This study reports data from two online samples of Australian men (Ns = 343, 525), focusing on age group differences for masculinity and depression. Consistent with prediction, cross-sectional data reported that conformity to masculine norms attenuated throughout the lifespan. Further, both samples indicated that the relationship between masculinity and depression increased with age. Findings are interpreted within the context of men resolving gender role–related conflicts across the lifespan.

scholarly journals Effect of Family Stress on Life Satisfaction Among Female Workers During the COVID-19 Epidemic in China: Exploring the Roles of Anxiety Symptoms and Age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songli Mei ◽  
Tongshuang Yuan ◽  
Leilei Liang ◽  
Hui Ren ◽  
Yueyang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Family Stress ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: High level of life satisfaction (LS) means an individual’s positive evaluation of life, bringing a happy and upward attitude towards life, which is beneficial to physical and mental health. However, The LS of a particular group such as female workers has not yet been fully explored. The present study aimed to investigate the level of LS among female workers after the resumption of work during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in Jilin Province, China, and to further explore the potential mediating and moderating roles in the association between family stress and LS. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from July to August in 2020. A self-reported questionnaire including the background information, family stress, anxiety symptoms, and LS was used to collect information in this research. A total of 10,175 female workers completed questionnaires.Results: The results showed the LS score was 20.73±7.08. The family stress was negatively related to LS, and anxiety symptoms could partially mediate the effect of family stress on LS. Additionally, age moderated the relationship between family stress and LS, as well as the relationship between anxiety symptoms and LS.Conclusion: Our results indicated that the LS of female workers has declined due to the impact of the epidemic, and family stress impacted LS via anxiety symptoms. The effect of family stress on LS decreased as age increased. Overall, Interventions and preventions aiming to improve LS should thoroughly consider targeting these aspects and young female workers should be given special attention.

HUBUNGAN BEBAN KERJA MENTAL, MASA KERJA DAN USIA TERHADAP KEJADIAN STRES PADA PEKERJA PERUSAHAAN AKUAKULTUR DI BANYUWANGI

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yarshynta Aprilia Marshanty
Keyword(s):  
Mental Workload ◽  
P Value ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Period ◽  
Physical Workloads ◽  
Spearman Correlation Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Stress is one of the body's response due to unbalanced demands and abilities. The workers group is one group that has the potential for stress. The impact of stress caused is very likely to affect work. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between mental workload and individual factors (work period, age) with stress at aquaculture company in Banyuwangi. This research was an observational study with cross sectional design. The sample of this research is 36 samples and it is a total population. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between variables, the research data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test. The results showed that the majority of workers have a mental workload with a high category, stress conditions for workers are mostly in the low stress category In conclusion, there is no relationship between mental workload (p value = 0,123) and work period (p value = 0,096) with stress. However, there is a relationship between age and stress (p value = 0,023) and this relationship is negative (correlation coefficient = -0.281). Recommendations for companies are to pay attention to workload owned by workers, both mental and physical workloads, create health programs for workers, including physical and mental health, create a healthy and comfortable work environment, and create good relationships between workers and introduce stress management to workers, so the workers are able to prevent the adverse effects of stress that might be experienced.

scholarly journals Be Aware of Burnout! The Role of Changes in Academic Burnout in Problematic Facebook Usage among University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8055
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Tomaszek ◽  
Agnieszka Muchacka-Cymerman
Keyword(s):  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Academic Burnout ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Social Motive ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Most previous research has examined the relationship between FB addiction and burnout level by conducting cross-sectional studies. Little is known about the impact of changes in burnout on FB addiction in an educational context. Through a two-way longitudinal survey of a student population sample (N = 115), this study examined the influence of changes in academic burnout over time and FB motives and importance (measured at the beginning and the end of the semester) on FB intrusion measured at the end of the academic semester. The findings show that: (1) increases in cynicism and in FB motives and importance significantly predicted time2 FB intrusion; (2) FB importance enhanced the prediction power of changes in the academic burnout total score, exhaustion and personal inefficacy, and reduced the regression coefficient of changes in cynicism; (3) the interaction effects between FB social motive use and changes in academic burnout, as well as between FB importance and personal inefficacy and exhaustion, accounted for a significant change in the explained variance of time2 FB intrusion. About 20–30% of the variance in time2 FB intrusion was explained by all the examined variables and by the interactions between them. The results suggest that changes in academic burnout and FB motives and importance are suppressive variables, as including these variables in the regression model all together changed the significance of the relationship between independent variables and FB intrusion.

scholarly journals The impact of diet during adolescence on the neonatal health of offspring: evidence on the importance of preconception diet. The HUNT study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Wendy Van Lippevelde ◽  
Frøydis N. Vik ◽  
Andrew K. Wills ◽  
Sofia T. Strömmer ◽  
Mary E. Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Birth Registry ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Dietary Choices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Emerging evidence suggests that parents’ nutritional status before and at the time of conception influences the lifelong physical and mental health of their child. Yet little is known about the relationship between diet in adolescence and the health of the next generation at birth. This study examined data from Norwegian cohorts to assess the relationship between dietary patterns in adolescence and neonatal outcomes. Data from adolescents who participated in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (Young-HUNT) were merged with birth data for their offspring through the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Young-HUNT1 collected data from 8980 adolescents between 1995 and 1997. Linear regression was used to assess associations between adolescents’ diet and later neonatal outcomes of their offspring adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Analyses were replicated with data from the Young-HUNT3 cohort (dietary data collected from 2006 to 2008) and combined with Young-HUNT1 for pooled analyses. In Young-HUNT1, there was evidence of associations between dietary choices, meal patterns, and neonatal outcomes, these were similar in the pooled analyses but were attenuated to the point of nonsignificance in the smaller Young-HUNT3 cohort. Overall, energy-dense food products were associated with a small detrimental impact on some neonatal outcomes, whereas healthier food choices appeared protective. Our study suggests that there are causal links between consumption of healthy and unhealthy food and meal patterns in adolescence with neonatal outcomes for offspring some years later. The effects seen are small and will require even larger studies with more state-of-the-art dietary assessment to estimate these robustly.

scholarly journals Changes in Consumers’ Food Practices during the COVID-19 Lockdown, Implications for Diet Quality and the Food System: A Cross-Continental Comparison

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Blain Murphy ◽  
Tony Benson ◽  
Amanda McCloat ◽  
Elaine Mooney ◽  
Chris Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diet Quality ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Food System ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Practices ◽  
The Impact

COVID-19 has led to dramatic societal changes. Differing movement restrictions across countries have affected changes in consumers’ food practices, with a potentially detrimental impact on their health and food systems. To investigate this, this research explored changes in consumers’ food practices during the initial COVID-19 phase and assessed the impact of location on these changes. A sample of 2360 adults from three continents (Island of Ireland (IOI), Great Britain (GB), United States (USA), and New Zealand (NZ)) were recruited for a cross-sectional online survey (May–June 2020). Participants completed questions in relation to their cooking and food practices, diet quality, and COVID-19 food-related practices. Significant changes in consumers’ food practices during the pandemic were seen within and between regions, with fewer cooking practices changes found in the USA. Food practices, which may put added pressure on the food system, such as bulk buying, were seen across all regions. To prevent this, organisational food practices, including planning ahead, should be emphasized. Additionally, while positive cooking-related practices and increases in fruit and vegetable intake were found, an increase in saturated fat intake was also seen. With the additional pressure on individuals’ physical and mental health, the essentiality of maintaining a balanced diet should be promoted.

scholarly journals Men’s attitudes toward mask-wearing during COVID-19: Understanding the complexities of mask-ulinity

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532199079
Author(s):  
James R Mahalik ◽  
Michael Di Bianca ◽  
Michael P Harris
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Conformity To Masculine Norms ◽  
Masculine Norms ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Vulnerable Persons

Path analyses indicated that the relationship between conformity to masculine norms (CMN) and attitudes toward mask-wearing to protect from COVID-19 was mediated by perceived benefits, perceived barriers, confidence in the scientific community, and empathy toward vulnerable persons, and that political ideology moderated the indirect effects from CMN to men’s attitudes. Efforts to improve men’s participation in combatting COVID-19 should address the perceptions and attitudes related to conforming to traditional masculine norms and moderated by political ideology, and might reconstruct masculinity to focus on being a guardian and protector of public health.

Leader positive humor and organizational cynicism: LMX as a mediator

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Gkorezis ◽  
Eugenia Petridou ◽  
Panteleimon Xanthiakos
Keyword(s):  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Cynicism ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – Leader-member exchange (LMX) has been proposed as a core mechanism which accounts for the impact of various antecedents on employee outcomes. As such, the purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating effect of LMX regarding the relationship between leader positive humor and employees’ perceptions of organizational cynicism. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from 114 public employees. In order to examine the authors’ hypotheses hierarchical regression analysis was conducted. Findings – As hypothesized, results demonstrated that LMX mediates the relationship between leader positive humor and organizational cynicism. Research limitations/implications – Data were drawn from public employees and, therefore, this may constrain the generalizability of the results. Also, the cross-sectional analysis of the data cannot directly assess causality. Originality/value – This is the first empirical study to examine the mediating effect of LMX in the relationship between leader humor and employees’ perceptions of organizational cynicism.

scholarly journals A Study on the Relationship between Iron Reserves and the Intensity of Coronary Artery Stenosisin Angiography Candidates

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalil Mahmoodi
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenos ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Various risk factors including blood iron may create coronary artery diseases and lead to myocardial infarction. There are controversies with regard to the impact of blood iron on myocardial infarction. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to investigate the relationship between iron reserves and the intensity of coronary artery stenos is among angiographic candidates in Zanjan, Iran. This was a cross sectional study. Samples were consisted of patients who were hospitalized for diagnostic coronary angiography in hospitals in an urban area of Iran. A convenient sampling method was used to recruit samples via interviews and laboratory examinations for FBS, iron, TIBC, ferritin, creatinine serum, CBC, cholesterol, HDL and LDL. The samples were divided into control and intervention groups. After coronary angiography, the intervention group was evaluated by four different methods including the extent score, stenos is score, vessel score and Duke CAN Index. The samples were consisted of 89 men (60.1%) and 59 women (39.9%). The levels of ferritin (p=0.003) and iron (p=0.002), and transferrin saturation percent (p=0.002) showed significant differences between males and females (p=0.004)

scholarly journals Corporate Governance And Its Effect On Firm Performance In An Emerging Economy

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-291
Author(s):  
Langa Esmael KAREM ◽  
Hawkar Anwer HAMAD ◽  
Hakar Abubakir BAYZ ◽  
Naji Afrasyaw FATAH ◽  
Diary Jalal ALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Board Composition ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Board Ownership

Having a board of directors is very important to ensure the smooth running of business processes and have an impact on the company's financial performance. This study to determine the impact of board characteristics namely board size, board ownership and board composition on the financial performance of organizations as measured by Return on Assets. The study employed a descriptive-explanatory research design based on a cross-sectional approach. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to determine the depth and extent of the relationship between the variables. The study revealed a positive and significant association between the board size and financial performance on an average of 9 board members. Board composition revealed that having more external directors had no effect on the financial performance, it neither increased it nor decreased it, leading to the rejection of the hypothesis. On the other hand, board ownership was found to be beneficial in terms of having directors as owners of the business, corroborating the Stakeholder Theory. The studies showed that there was still a need to select board members with caution striking a balance between the number of directors as well as their composition to ensure that the organization reaps maximum benefits from the board.

scholarly journals Obesity contributes toward hypertension in young and older adult

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julianty Pradono ◽  
Sintawati Sintawati
Keyword(s):  
Central Obesity ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

Background<br />Obesity and hypertension are independent risk factors in the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases. The proportion of obesity in Indonesia has increased in the last 5 years according to the National Health Survey. The purpose of this research was to obtain the contribution of obesity toward hypertension in the age group of 18 years and above.<br /><br />Methods<br />An observational study of cross-sectional design was conducted using the National Basic Health Research 2013 population data. The total sample of subjects was 2,741,297 from 33 provinces in Indonesia. Data were collected through interviews, blood pressure measurement, and anthropometry. Analysis of categorical data was by means of the chi-square statistical test, followed by calculation of the attributable fraction in the population, and analysis of factors influencing the impact fraction.<br /><br />Results<br />The prevalence of general obesity (BMI&gt;25 kg/m2) was 31.5% in males and 48.0% in females, while central obesity was 20.9% in males and 42.5% in females. In females with general obesity the risk of hypertension was 1.84 (95% CI: 1.82-1.86) times higher than in those with normal BMI. If general obesity and central obesity can be reduced, the prevalence of hypertension may be reduced by 2.9% in males and by 12.2% in females.<br /><br />Conclusion<br />The prevalence of hypertension in the age group of 18 years or more can be reduced by 2.9% in males and by 12.2% in females, by overcoming the contribution of obesity. Therefore efforts should be geared towards promoting healthy eating habits and maintaining a healthy weight through health education.

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