Chimeric Dizygotic Twins; Twin Study Summaries; News At Home and Abroad

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Disease Susceptibility ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Twin Research ◽  
Dizygotic Twins ◽  
Separate Cell ◽  
Distinct Cell ◽  
The Military ◽  
At Home

AbstractChimeras, individuals whose genetically distinct cell lines originated from different zygotes, are attracting attention among twin researchers. This is because chimerism may occur more frequently than previously suspected, having been observed among 8% of dizygotic (DZ) twins and 21% of DZ triplets. The presence of separate cell lines in these twins may hold clues to disease susceptibility, developmental complications and histocompatibility features. Next, new twin research on physical development is offering fresh insights on height and hormones, height and education, and pelvic development. Finally, twins having twins, twins deserting the military and twins composing music raise new thoughts about reproduction, behavior and talent.

An Irish Regiment in the Nutmeg State

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan W. Keating
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Civil War ◽  
The State ◽  
Irish Immigrants ◽  
Irish Immigration ◽  
Disorderly Conduct ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Military ◽  
At Home

This chapter traces Irish immigration to Connecticut and the formation of the Ninth Connecticut Volunteer Infantry. Despite nativist challenges in the decade before the Civil War, Irish immigrants nevertheless secured their place in many of Connecticut’s cities, playing important roles in the state’s growing industrial centers. When war broke out, Irish leaders in the state pushed for the organization of an Irish regiment and, in doing so, drew connections between the Connecticut Irish and the military prowess of regiments such as the 69th New York and the 23rd Illinois. The outspoken patriotism of Connecticut’s Irish as well as the national acclaim earned by these other regiments did little to curb lingering questions surrounding Irish loyalty. As the men of the Ninth Connecticut marched to war in the winter of 1862 they struggled to dispel accusations of disorderly conduct that appeared in the press and only through sacrifice on the battlefield were they finally able to earn acceptance at home.

scholarly journals The Value of Twins for Health and Medical Research: A Third of a Century of Progress

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Craig ◽  
Lucas Calais-Ferreira ◽  
Mark P. Umstad ◽  
Dedra Buchwald
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Twin Research ◽  
Study Designs ◽  
Genetic Contributions

AbstractIn 1984, Hrubec and Robinette published what was arguably the first review of the role of twins in medical research. The authors acknowledged a growing distinction between two categories of twin studies: those aimed at assessing genetic contributions to disease and those aimed at assessing environmental contributions while controlling for genetic variation. They concluded with a brief section on recently founded twin registries that had begun to provide unprecedented access to twins for medical research. Here we offer an overview of the twin research that, in our estimation, best represents the field has progress since 1984. We start by summarizing what we know about twinning. We then focus on the value of twin study designs to differentiate between genetic and environmental influences on health and on emerging applications of twins in multiple areas of medical research. We finish by describing how twin registries and networks are accelerating twin research worldwide.

At Home among Strangers: Is It Possible to Create Hypoimmunogenic Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines?

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 638-652
Author(s):  
M. E. Bogomiakova ◽  
A. V. Eremeev ◽  
M. A. Lagarkova
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Lines ◽  
At Home

scholarly journals Modulation of Pathways Underlying Distinct Cell Death Mechanisms in Two Human Lung Cancer Cell Lines in Response to SN1 Methylating Agents Treatment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e0160248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Papadodima ◽  
Panagiotis Moulos ◽  
Aggeliki Koryllou ◽  
Georgia Piroti ◽  
Fragiskos Kolisis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell ◽  
Distinct Cell ◽  
Cell Death Mechanisms ◽  
Methylating Agents

scholarly journals Centenary Celebration for Scottish Missionary Mary Slessor: A Lasting Legacy for Twins/Twin Research: Twins With Kleinfelter's Syndrome; Twin Research on Atopic Diseases; Twin Study of Autism; Psychotherapy with Twins / General Interest: Female Twin Pole-Vaulters; Longest Twin Birth Interval; Pair of Franco-Cuban Vocalists; Croatian Twin Models

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-333
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Birth Interval ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Atopic Diseases ◽  
Twin Research ◽  
Twin Birth ◽  
Twin Models ◽  
Evil Spirits

The centenary celebration for Scottish missionary, Mary Slessor, took place on February 14, 2015 in Melle, Belgium. Slessor saved many newborn twins and their mothers from death and disownment by members of their community, including their families, who believed twins harbored evil spirits. The events of this unusual and significant gathering are described. Next, twin research and reports concerning Kleinfelter's disease, atopic diseases, autism and psychotherapy are presented. General interest subjects include identical female twin pole-vaulters, the longest twin birth interval, Franco-Cuban twin vocalists, and Croatian twin models.

The First 'Classical' Twin Study? Analysis of Refractive Error Using Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins Published in 1922

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiao Hui M. Liew ◽  
Hanno Elsner ◽  
Tim D. Spector ◽  
Christopher J. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Error ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Dizygotic Twins

The genetic background of circadian and ultradian rhythm patterns of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids: a cross-twin study

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Reinberg ◽  
Y. Touitou ◽  
A. Restoin ◽  
C. Migraine ◽  
F. Levi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Twin Study ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Ultradian Rhythm ◽  
Ultradian Rhythms ◽  
Dizygotic Twins ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Time Series Analyses

ABSTRACT Circadian and ultradian rhythms in urinary excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids were documented individually during an 8-day span in two pairs of young male twins. Studies were performed once at the age of 6 years for dizygotic twins and twice at the ages of 4·3 and 10·3 years for monozygotic twins. Four different methods were used for time-series analyses: chronograms (raw data), best-fitting curves resulting from cosinor analyses, power spectra and correlations of time-qualified data. Estimates of rhythm parameters (prominent periods, acrophases, etc.) as well as shapes of curves were closer in mono- than in dizygotic twins. Both similarities and small differences in rhythm characteristics of monozygotic twins were detected at both ages considered. J. Endocr. (1985) 105, 247–253

Two Cohort and Three Independent Anonymous Twin Projects at the Keio Twin Research Center (KoTReC)

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juko Ando ◽  
Keiko K. Fujisawa ◽  
Chizuru Shikishima ◽  
Kai Hiraishi ◽  
Mari Nozaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Twin Research ◽  
Genes And Environment

The Keio Twin Research Center has conducted two longitudinal twin cohort projects and has collected three independent and anonymous twin data sets for studies of phenotypes related to psychological, socio-economic, and mental health factors. The Keio Twin Study has examined adolescent and adult cohorts, with a total of over 2,400 pairs of twins and their parents. DNA samples are available for approximately 600 of these twin pairs. The Tokyo Twin Cohort Project has followed a total of 1,600 twin pairs from infancy to early childhood. The large-scale cross-sectional twin study (CROSS) has collected data from over 4,000 twin pairs, from 3 to 26 years of age, and from two high school twin cohorts containing a total of 1,000 pairs of twins. These data sets of anonymous twin studies have mainly targeted academic performance, attitude, and social environment. The present article introduces the research designs and major findings of our center, such as genetic structures of cognitive abilities, personality traits, and academic performances, developmental effects of genes and environment on attitude, socio-cognitive ability and parenting, genes x environment interaction on attitude and conduct problem, and statistical methodological challenges and so on. We discuss the challenges in conducting twin research in Japan.

Current Twin Studies in Germany: Report on CoSMoS, SOEP, and ChronoS

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Hahn ◽  
Juliana Gottschling ◽  
Frank M. Spinath
Keyword(s):  
Twin Study ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
School Achievement ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
Sibling Pairs ◽  
Dizygotic Twins ◽  
The Status ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Combined Data

This article summarizes the status of three recent German twin studies: CoSMoS, SOEP, and ChronoS. The German twin study on Cognitive Ability, Self-Reported Motivation, and School Achievement (CoSMoS) is a three-wave longitudinal study of monozygotic and dizygotic twins reared together, and aims to investigate predictors of and influences on school performance. In the first wave of the data collection in 2005, 408 pairs of twins aged between 7 and 11 as well as their parents participated in CoSMoS. The SOEP twin study is an extended twin study, which has combined data from monozygotic and dizygotic twins reared together with additional data from full sibling pairs, mother–child, and grandparent–child dyads who participated in the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) study. The SOEP twin project comprises about 350 twin and 950 non-twin pairs aged between 17 and 70. Data were collected between 2009 and 2010, with a focus on personality traits, wellbeing, education, employment, income, living situation, life-satisfaction, and several attitudes. The aim of the Chronotype twin study (ChronoS) was to examine genetic and environmental influences on chronotype (morningness and eveningness), coping strategies, and several aspects of the previous SOEP twin project in a sample of 301 twin pairs aged between 19 and 76 years, recruited in 2010 and 2011. Part of the ChronoS twin sample also participated in the earlier SOEP twin study, representing a second wave of assessments. We briefly describe the design and contents of these three studies as well as selected recent findings.

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