Komposisi Tumbuhan Air dan Tumbuhan Riparian di Danau Sentani, Provinsi Papua

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Agung Pradnya Paramitha ◽  
Riky Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Riparian Zones ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
The Status

<strong>Composition of Aquatic Macrophytes and Riparian Vegetation in Lake Sentani, Papua Province.</strong> Macrophytes and riparian vegetation play an important role in maintaining the balance of aquatic ecosystems. The loss of vegetation components can lead to increased sedimentation and change the microhabitat in the waters. This research aimed to obtain the composition of aquatic macrophytes and riparian vegetation in Lake Sentani, as well as to determine the status of waters and the characteristics of riparian zones in Sentani Lake. The research was conducted from September to October 2014. The sampling of aquatic macrophytes and riparian vegetation was conducted at 5 stations: St.1 (Doyo Lama), St.2 (Donday), St.3 (Deyau), St.4 (Kalkotte), and St. 5 (Jaifuri). Data of aquatic macrophytes was taken using square plot (1 x 1 m2) of 15 plots, while riparian vegetation data used survey method with 10 m transect line from the shoreline. The results showed that there were 10 species of aquatic macrophytes from 8 families and 30 species of riparian vegetation from 18 families. Based on these aquatic macrophytes and riparian vegetation, Lake Sentani is categorized as eutrophic, with the dominant macrophyte being hornworts (Ceratophyllum demersum L.; 135 individuals). Station 4 (Kalkotte) has the largest number of individual aquatic macrophytes (96 individuals). Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv.) was found to be the most abundant species of riparian vegetation in all stations (190 individuals). This is related to the shoreline of Lake Sentani which is largely a sandy soil. Station 5 (Jaifuri) has the largest number of species and the largest number of individual riparian vegetation (344 individuals from 20 species). <br />

From burned vegetation to streams water: fire effects on vegetation resilience and nutrient fluxes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nubia Marques ◽  
Fabio Miranda ◽  
Leticia Gomes ◽  
Felipe Lenti ◽  
Mercedes Bustamante
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Riparian Zones ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Nutrient Fluxes ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Burned Areas

&lt;p&gt;Wildfire effects on riparian zones and stream water can be significant, particularly in the vegetation recovery and flow of nutrients between the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem. However, the integrated knowledge about the impacts of fire on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the Brazilian Cerrado is poorly known. In Brazilian Cerrado, wildfire is one of the main vectors of degradation of riparian vegetation, because the forest formation in riparian zones can be more sensitive to fire than the other savanna formation due to a less evident vegetation fire-adaptations. Our main objective was to understand the effects of fire on the resilience of riparian vegetation and their consequences to nutrient fluxes between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem. This study was conducted in the Environmental Protection Area (APA) located in the Federal District - Brazil, which is one of Brazil&amp;#8217;s Long-Term Ecological Research Site, after a wildfire (September 2011) that burned an area of about 140 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. We analyzed the riparian vegetation resilience (for forests and surrounding savannas formations) and nutrients fluxes (in surface runoff and stream water) in five streams. We estimated the fire severity with Delta Normalized Burn Ratio index and the riparian vegetation resilience with the Normalized Vegetation Index and evaluated the changes in nutrient concentrations for nitrite + nitrate ([NO&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; + NO&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;]), ammonium (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;), and phosphate (PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;) during 16 months on stream water and surface runoff solution in burned and unburned areas using the Generalized Linear Models. Our results show that fire severity was similar between forests and savannas formations, but in savannas we observed higher vegetation resilience, with faster vegetation regrowth and recovery after three weeks. The concentration of nutrients on both surface runoff and inside the stream have changed in burned areas regarding unburned areas, with an increase of PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3- &lt;/sup&gt;and [NO&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; + NO&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;] and a decreased of NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;. After 16 months of the fire event, the concentration of PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;, [NO&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; + NO&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;] and NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; increased in surface runoff, while [NO&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; + NO&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;] decreased inside the streams in burned areas. Precipitation was a factor that caused the increase of concentrations of [NO&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; + NO&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;] and NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and, the high precipitation on rainy season (October &amp;#8211; March), that started after the fire, could have contributed to the input of these nutrients and particulate materials from ashes to streams. Our results showed that the occurrence of fire in riparian environments reduces the biomass of riparian forests and increases the concentration of nutrients on streams. &amp;#160;These elevated postfire nitrogen and phosphate loading can influence streams ecosystem health, especially in oligotrophic streams like those found in Brazilian Cerrado. It is known that phosphorus and nitrogen are limited nutrients for algal and cyanobacterial growth in freshwater ecosystem and an increase of these organisms can disrupt the ecosystem integrity. Fire is a pulsed disturbance and its effect on freshwater ecosystem depends on terrestrial ecosystem recovery, in this way, it is necessary to integrate the knowledge about the impacts of fire on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems to better understand the effects on the entire ecosystem.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Use of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) as a biological control agent for submerged aquatic macrophytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-773
Author(s):  
A.F. Silva ◽  
C. Cruz ◽  
R.L.C.M. Pitelli ◽  
R.A. Pitelli
Keyword(s):  
Grass Carp ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Predation Rate ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon Idella ◽  
Submerged Aquatic Macrophytes

This study aimed to evaluate feed preference and control efficacy of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) on the aquatic macrophytes Ceratophyllum demersum, Egeria densa and Egeria najas. An experiment was carried out at mesocosms conditions with 2,000 liters capacity and water residence time of 2.8 days. C. demersum, E. densa e E. najas biomasses were offered individually with sixty g and coupled in similar quantities of 30 g of each species, evaluated during 81 days, envolving 6 treatments. (1 - C. demersum, 2 - E. najas, 3 -E. densa, 4 - C. demersum + E. najas, 5 - C. demersum + E. densa and 6 - E. najas + E. densa). When offered individually, E. najas and C. demersum presented the same predation rate by grass carp, which was higher than E. densa predation rate. When plants were tested in pairs, the order of feed preference was C. demersum > E. najas > E. densa. E. najas and C. demersum percentage control ranged from 73 to 83%. No relation between biomass consumption and grass carp body weight gain was observed, probably due to differences in nutritional quality among macrophyte species according to fish necessities. Therefore, it is concluded that the use of grass carp is one excellent technique to control submersed macrophytes in Brazil.

scholarly journals Aquatic macrophytes can be used for wastewater polishing but not for purification in constructed wetlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Tang ◽  
Sarah F. Harpenslager ◽  
Monique M. L. van Kempen ◽  
Evi J. H. Verbaarschot ◽  
Laury M. J. M. Loeffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Nutrient Loading ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Azolla Filiculoides ◽  
Sediment Types

Abstract. The sequestration of nutrients from surface waters by aquatic macrophytes and sediments provides an important service to both natural and constructed wetlands. While emergent species take up nutrients from the sediment, submerged and floating macrophytes filter nutrients directly from the surface water, which may be more efficient in constructed wetlands. It remains unclear, however, whether their efficiency is sufficient for wastewater purification and how plant species and nutrient loading affects nutrient distribution over plants, water and sediment. We therefore determined nutrient removal efficiencies of different vegetation (Azolla filiculoides, Ceratophyllum demersum and Myriophyllum spicatum) and sediment types (clay, peaty clay and peat) at three nutrient input rates, in a full factorial, outdoor mesocosm experiment. At low loading (0.43 mg P m−2 d−1), plant uptake was the main pathway (100 %) for phosphorus (P) removal, while sediments showed a net P release. A. filiculoides and M. spicatum showed the highest biomass production and could be harvested regularly for nutrient recycling, whereas C. demersum was outcompeted by spontaneously developing macrophytes and algae. Higher nutrient loading only stimulated A. filiculoides growth. At higher rates ( ≥  21.4 mg P m−2 d−1), 50–90 % of added P ended up in sediments, with peat sediments becoming more easily saturated. For nitrogen (N), 45–90 % was either taken up by the sediment or lost to the atmosphere at loadings  ≥  62 mg N m−2 d−1. This shows that aquatic macrophytes can indeed function as an efficient nutrient filter but only for low loading rates (polishing) and not for high rates (purification). The outcome of this controlled study not only contributes to our understanding of nutrient dynamics in constructed wetlands but also shows the differential effects of wetland sediment types and plant species. Furthermore, the acquired knowledge may benefit the application of macrophyte harvesting to remove and recycle nutrients from both constructed wetlands and nutrient-loaded natural wetlands.

scholarly journals Ground beetles (Carabidae) of field margin habitats

Biologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1631-1641
Author(s):  
Janina Bennewicz ◽  
Tadeusz Barczak
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Ground Beetle ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Field Margin ◽  
Poecilus Cupreus ◽  
The Status ◽  
Beetle Assemblages ◽  
Anchomenus Dorsalis ◽  
Pterostichus Melanarius

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify the role of field margin habitats in preserving the diversity and abundance of ground beetle assemblages, including potentially entomophagous species and those with conservation status in Poland. Research material was collected in 2006–2007 in four types of margin habitats – a forest, bushes, ditches and in two arable fields. Insects were captured into pitfalls, without preservation liquid or bait added to the traps. Traps were inspected twice a week, between May and August, and one sample was a weekly capture. In field margin habitats the most abundant species were Limodromus assimilis, Anchomenus dorsalis, Pterostichus melanarius and Carabus auratus. A lower abundance of species was noted on fields, with dominant Poecilus cupreus and P. melanarius. The group of zoophagous carabids found in our study includes 30 species from field margin habitats, i.e. 37.5% of all captured Carabidae taxa and 58.3% of all specimens. The share of aphidophagous species was 84.9% among bushes, 86.7% near ditches, and 88.0% in the forest habitat. Several species captured during the study are under protection in Poland. These include the partly protected Carabus convexus, which also has the status of near threatened species, the partly protected Calosoma auropunctatum, and Broscus cephalotes. Considering all the investigated field margin habitats, ground beetles were most numerous in the oak-hornbeam habitat, defined as bushes, formed predominantly by Prunus spinosa, Crataegus leavigata, Sambucus nigra and Rosa canina. Thus, this habitat was the most important reservoir/refugium for the ground beetles.

scholarly journals ONLINE LEARNING DURING LOCKDOWN: EFFECT ON MENTAL HEALTH OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (47) ◽  
pp. 11515-11527
Author(s):  
Shubhashree Dash
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Learning ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Online Learners ◽  
Mental Health Assessment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Descriptive Survey

COVID-19 pandemic has influenced every aspect of human life including Education and Mental Health of the learners. Thus, the present study was aimed at assessing the status of online learning and mental health of online learners and to investigate the relationship between the two variables. The descriptive survey method was adopted for the present study and the collected data analysed quantitatively. For collection of the data two self-made tools were used namely Status of Online Learning Scale for Learners and Mental Health Assessment Scale for Learners. The tools were administered on 140 students. The tabulated data was analysed through the Mean, Standard Deviation, correlation and t test. The results revealed that learners are moderately active in online learning. Mental health of the online learners is moderately stable. Online learning is negatively affecting the mental health of the online learners and there was no significant difference found between the mental health of online learners in terms of the gender and the locality.

scholarly journals PENGENDALIAN ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN SAWAH YANG BERKELANJUTAN DI KECAMATAN TAMBANG, KABUPATEN KAMPAR, RIAU The Sustainability Of Control Over The Paddy Fields Converstion In Tambang Sub-District, Kampar Regency, Riau

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Chendy Prima Sari ◽  
Zulfan Saam ◽  
Ridwan Manda Putra
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Sustainability Index ◽  
The Status ◽  
Supply Capacity ◽  
Index Value

The phenomenon of paddy fields conversion in Kampar Regency which continues to increase from year to year had caused decreasing paddy fields area and threatening food supply capacity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the index and the status of the sustainability of control over the paddy fields conversion and to find out the sensitive attributes of the sustainability of control over the paddy fields conversion in Tambang Sub-District, Kampar Regency. This research was conducted in Aur Sati Village, Balam Jaya Village and Pulau Permai Village, Tambang Sub-District, Kampar Regency from October 2020 to January 2021. The method used was the survey method with a quantitative approach. The sampel of farmers in this study were 88 people who were selected by purposive sampling. Data collection was done by observation, interviews, and literature study. This study used questionnaires as an instrument to collect data.  The analytical method used in this research was the sustainability analysis carried out with the Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) analysis approach with the Rap-Paddy Field tool which has been modified from Rapfish program. The results showed that the control of the paddy fields conversion in Aur Sati Village has been going very well, this can be seen from the sustainability index value of each dimension in the range of 52.4 - 83.9% (fairly - highly sustainable). On the other hand, the sustainability index value of each dimension in Balam Jaya Village ranges from 35.9 - 48.2% (less sustainable), this showed that paddy fields conversion in this village has not been well controlled. While in Pulau Permai Village, the economic dimension had a sustainability index value of 48.2% (less sustainable) and there were 2 (two) dimensions that were classified as fairly sustainable, namely the ecological dimension of 64.4% and the social dimension of 52.3%. These data provided information that the control of paddy fields conversion in Pulau Permai Village is still ecologically and socially oriented, and ignores the economic dimension. There were sensitive attributes that need to be given top priority in planning the sustainability of control over the paddy fields conversion in Tambang Sub-District, Kampar Regency, namely price stability, product markets, traditional leaders, cultivation techniques and availability of RTRW.

scholarly journals HARA STATUS OF POTASSIUM Absorption IN PRODUCING PALM OIL PLANT IN PERLABIAN VILLAGE, KAMPUNG RAKYAT DISTRICT, LABUHANBATU SELATAN DISTRICT

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Artisa Ainun ◽  
Hilwa Walida ◽  
Badrul Ainy Dalimunthe ◽  
Khairul Rizal
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Grid Survey ◽  
The Status ◽  
Oil Plant ◽  
Potassium Absorption ◽  
Plastic Sample

Potassium is a macro nutrient that can affect the quality and quantity of oil palm bunches as well as resistance to disease and drought stress. So far, testing the status of potassium nutrient uptake in people's plantations in Perlabian Village, Kampung Rakyat Labuhanbatu Selatan District has never been carried out. Fertilization and maintenance are carried out through knowledge from generation to generation, so it is important to have a study on the nutrient uptake status of potassium in oil palm leaves. This research was conducted using a free grid survey method at the semi-detailed survey level with a density of 100 meters. A total of 6 leaf samples were taken on the 17th leaf midrib and then rubbed with 70% alcohol and then put into the plastic sample for further testing in the laboratory of PT. Socfindo. The results showed that the potassium in leaf samples 1, 3 and 4 experienced deficiency and leaf samples 2, 5 and 6 were at the optimum. In oil palm plantations in smallholder plantations in Perlabian Village, Kampung Rakyat Subdistrict, it shows that the total K content of leaves is included in the optimum category. 

Diversity of macrophytes in the Amazon deforestation arc: information on their distribution, life-forms and habits

Rodriguésia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Luísa Biondi Fares ◽  
Raimundo Luiz Morais de Sousa ◽  
Ely Simone Cajueiro Gurgel ◽  
André dos Santos Bragança Gil ◽  
Carlos Alberto Santos da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Macrophyte Species ◽  
Form Part ◽  
Arc Of Deforestation ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Suitable Habitats

Abstract The Amazon possesses the largest fluvial system on the planet, harboring a diverse biota. Still, many species remain undescribed, because of the Amazon’s immense scale and complexity, and because many habitats are now increasingly under pressure from anthropogenic activities. Macrophytes are important to physical and biological processes in aquatic ecosystems but remain poorly studied in Northern Brazil. The objective of this study was to provide a checklist of macrophyte species that occur in municipalities that form part of the Arc of Deforestation, Pará state, Brazil, bringing information on their habits and life-forms. We sampled 36 sites at three types of aquatic ecosystems (streams, ponds and lakes). In total, we recorded 50 species, 38 genera and 24 families. Most species were amphibious or emergent. Degraded streams have environmental characteristics similar to lentic habitats, which could provide more suitable habitats for macrophytes that otherwise would not occur in lotic habitats, thus explaining the higher diversity in these ecosystems. Macrophyte diversity in this region follows similar patterns to other Brazilian regions. This study contributes to the assessment of aquatic macrophytes in the Amazon, especially in more degraded regions, such as the Amazon deforestation arc.

Comparing the Lifestyle of Veteran and Non-Veteran Families

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Alireza Afshani ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini-motlagh ◽  
Hamide Shiri-Mohammadabad
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Lifestyle Questionnaire ◽  
Mashhad City ◽  
The Mean

Background: Considering the role of lifestyle in promoting, maintaining, continuity health and the importance of paying attention to the veterans and their families who have suffered a lot in order to sacrifice for the homeland, the present study intends to compare the lifestyle among veterans and non-veterans in Mashhad city. Methods: This study was conducted using a survey method. The statistical population included the veteran and non-veteran families of Mashhad. A total of 360 questionnaires were filled out in this city. The research instruments were Lifestyle Questionnaire (LSQ) and All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale. The data were analyzed by SPSS v.24. Results: There is not a significant difference between the mean scores of lifestyle in the two groups of veteran and non-veteran in Mashhad (p > 0.05). The comparison of mean lifestyle scores also showed that there was no significant difference between the lifestyle scores of men and women in the non-veteran group and the mean scores of the single and married lifestyle in the veteran and non-veteran group (p > 0.05). There is a significant relationship between education level and health literacy of veteran and non-veteran families with their lifestyle, age, and employment status. They are also related to the lifestyle of their life because of the status they provide for the sacrifices. Conclusion: Comparison of the two groups in terms of lifestyle indicates that the veterans are in a less favorable position than non-veterans in terms of some aspects of lifestyle such as physical health, exercise and health, disease prevention and mental health.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document