scholarly journals INTERAKSI MIKROALGA-BAKTERI DAN PERANANNYA DALAM PRODUKSI SENYAWA DALAM KULTUR MIKROALGA

OSEANA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Diah Radini Noerdjito
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Technology ◽  
Microalgae Culture ◽  
Culture Production ◽  
Bloom Control ◽  
Metabolites Production

MICROALGAE-BACTERIA INTERACTIONS AND THEIR ROLES ON METABOLITES PRODUCTION OF MICROALGAE CULTURE. During this time, bacteria existence in microalgae culture is considered as a negative thing. Recently, the interaction between bacteria and microalgae can also be a mutually beneficial relationship or not detrimental to the other party. The mutually beneficial relationship between bacteria and microalgae can be applied as basic knowledge to increase microalgae culture production, which can be used further as a control mechanism for bacterial-microalgae interactions and can help increase the biomass production and certain metabolites microalgae culture. Another application is such as in environmental technology for bioremediation and bloom control.

scholarly journals Green synthesized silver and copper nanoparticles induced changes in biomass parameters, secondary metabolites production, and antioxidant activity in callus cultures of Artemisia absinthium L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Khizar Hayat ◽  
Shahid Ali ◽  
Saif Ullah ◽  
Yujie Fu ◽  
Mubashir Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Culture Production ◽  
Metabolites Production ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract Artemisia absinthium L. is a highly medicinal plant with a broad range of biomedical applications. A. absinthium callus cultures were established in response to bio-fabricated single NPs (Ag and Cu) or a combination of both NPs (Ag and Cu) in different ratios (1:2, 2:1, 1:3, and 3:1) along with thidiazuron (TDZ) (4 mg/L) to elicit the biomass accumulation, production of non-enzymatic compounds, antioxidative enzymes, and antioxidant activity. Silver and copper nanoparticles (Ag and Cu NPs) were synthesized using the leaves of Moringa oleifera as reducing and capping agent and further characterized through UV-Visible spectroscopy and SEM. The 30 µg/L suspension of Ag and Cu NPs (1:2, 2:1) and 4 mg/L TDZ showed 100% biomass accumulation as compared to control (86%). TDZ in combination with Ag NPs enhanced biomass in the log phases of growth kinetics. The Cu NPs alone enhanced the superoxide dismutase activity (0.56 nM/min/mg FW) and peroxidase activity (0.31 nM/min/mg FW) in callus cultures. However, the combination of Ag and Cu NPs with TDZ induced significant total phenolic (7.31 µg/g DW) and flavonoid contents (9.27 µg/g DW). Furthermore, the antioxidant activity was highest (86%) in the Ag and Cu NPs (3:1) augmented media. The present study provides the first evidence of bio-fabricated single NPs (Ag and Cu) or a combination of both NPs (Ag and Cu) in different ratios (1:2, 2:1, 1:3, and 3:1) along with TDZ (4 mg/L) on the development of callus culture, production of endogenous enzymes, non-enzymatic components, and further antioxidant activity in callus cultures of A. absinthium.

scholarly journals COVID-19: systematic learning across boundaries requires a conceptual agreement

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110270
Author(s):  
Knut Ole Sundnes ◽  
Geir Sverre Braut
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
External Validity ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Early Publication ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Short Time

The COVID-19 epidemic has revealed a shortage of basic knowledge and understanding of pandemics, especially regarding their dynamics and how to contain them. The results are a host of governments’ decrees and instructions, one replacing the other, often within the same week. It has further, in a truly short time, resulted in an overwhelming number of publications, many of them prioritising early publication over quality. This commentary addresses the concept of structured research related to disasters and how the use of endorsed guidelines will facilitate well-designed evaluation research with improved rigour and external validity, even if applied retrospectively. The outcome should be a solidified knowledge base. Further, the important role of public health efforts is to be highlighted, as their role has proved crucial during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Variation in canine exocrine pancreatic secretory activity during the interdigestive state

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (2) ◽  
pp. G98-G103
Author(s):  
Z. Itoh ◽  
I. Takahashi ◽  
M. Nakaya ◽  
T. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bicarbonate Concentration ◽  
Secretory Rate ◽  
Quiescent Period ◽  
Pancreatic Volume ◽  
Phase Ii And Iii

Interdigestive changes in pancreatic volume flow, gastric motor activity, and intraduodenal pH were monitored automatically in eight dogs. As a result, two different periods of pancreatic secretion were found to occur alternately during the interdigestive state: one a secretory period (2.2 +/- 0.32 ml/10 min with high protein and low bicarbonate concentration) and the other a nonsecretory period. The secretory period corresponded to the interdigestive phase II and III contraction period in the stomach, and the nonsecretory period coincided with the motor quiescent period in the stomach. However, another secretory period was identified during the interdigestive state; it occurred when the intraduodenal pH went below 7.0, and no typical interdigestive contractions were observed in the stomach. The secretory rate was 3.7 +/- 0.33 ml/10 min and was low in protein and high in bicarbonate concentration. The present study demonstrates that basal pancreatic secretory activity is never uniform but fluctuates with motor events in the stomach. However, its control mechanism remains unknown at present.

scholarly journals Structure of eukaryotic CMG helicase at a replication fork and implications to replisome architecture and origin initiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. E697-E706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana Georgescu ◽  
Zuanning Yuan ◽  
Lin Bai ◽  
Ruda de Luna Almeida Santos ◽  
Jingchuan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Replication Fork ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central Channel ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Initial Melting ◽  
Quality Control Mechanism ◽  
Hexameric Helicases ◽  
Do So ◽  
Terminal Domains

The eukaryotic CMG (Cdc45, Mcm2–7, GINS) helicase consists of the Mcm2–7 hexameric ring along with five accessory factors. The Mcm2–7 heterohexamer, like other hexameric helicases, is shaped like a ring with two tiers, an N-tier ring composed of the N-terminal domains, and a C-tier of C-terminal domains; the C-tier contains the motor. In principle, either tier could translocate ahead of the other during movement on DNA. We have used cryo-EM single-particle 3D reconstruction to solve the structure of CMG in complex with a DNA fork. The duplex stem penetrates into the central channel of the N-tier and the unwound leading single-strand DNA traverses the channel through the N-tier into the C-tier motor, 5′-3′ through CMG. Therefore, the N-tier ring is pushed ahead by the C-tier ring during CMG translocation, opposite the currently accepted polarity. The polarity of the N-tier ahead of the C-tier places the leading Pol ε below CMG and Pol α-primase at the top of CMG at the replication fork. Surprisingly, the new N-tier to C-tier polarity of translocation reveals an unforeseen quality-control mechanism at the origin. Thus, upon assembly of head-to-head CMGs that encircle double-stranded DNA at the origin, the two CMGs must pass one another to leave the origin and both must remodel onto opposite strands of single-stranded DNA to do so. We propose that head-to-head motors may generate energy that underlies initial melting at the origin.

scholarly journals Reviewing the cultural industry: from creative industries to digital platforms

1970 ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Fausto Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Creative Industries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Industry ◽  
International Debate ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Traditional Definition ◽  
Radical Critique ◽  
Culture Production ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The goal of the present study is to broadly reconstruct the international debate on the cultural industry, from its origins to today. In particular, the links with other related concepts (creative industries and digital platforms) will be highlighted. The article is divided in three sections: the first reconstructs the origin of the concept, from the 1930s and 1940s, highlighting the theoretical heritage of Adorno and Horkheimer and, more generally, the scholars of the Frankfurt School. Together with Marcuse, those scholars identified, on the one hand, the consonances between industrial mass production and new forms of culture production and, on the other, formulated a radical critique of this change. In the same years in which the theories of this school were disseminated, Morin proposed a less pessimistic view of the same transformation. In the second section, the evolution of the concept of cultural industry during the end of the 1970s and the beginning of the 2000s is studied. During this period, the classical theories –after a phase of partial obscurity– were taken up. On one hand a socio-historical perspective emphasized the role played by national industries in shaping contents and styles. On the other hand, a series of scholars enlarged the definition to the creative industries. In the third section, some hypothesis are built about the evolution of the digital platforms and their links with the traditional definition of cultural industry.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZACIÓN DE LA SOLDADURA EN CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL EN EL PERÚ

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Hugo Eliseo Gamarra Chinchay ◽  
Anwar Julio Yarin Achachagua ◽  
Yasser Hipólito Yarin Achachagua ◽  
Mierwen Palacios Aranda
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Deposited Metal ◽  
Selection Of

El presente trabajo estudia la productividad de la soldadura en construcción naval, partiendo de un análisis de la producción en nuestro medio pasando a presentar algunas técnicas o alternativas para incrementar la productividad de la soldadura en construcción naval. Comenzaremos describiendo algunos conocimientos básicos de soldadura, productividad y el como determinar la productividad de soldadura en la construcción naval, además del porque del análisis de la productividad de la soldadura en nuestro medio. Asimismo se exponen algunos factores que van a influir en la producción de la soldadura, como son el rendimiento por fusión, la selección de los materiales, el tipo de acero, el tipo de procedimiento, etc. Por otro lado, se presentan los datos estadísticos tomados en la zona de trabajo que servirán para medir la productividad de la soldadura en función de los kilogramos de metal depositado y el rendimiento por fusión de varios tipos de electrodos. Finalmente, se presenta la propuesta para incrementar la productividad de la soldadura en nuestro medio en base a los problemas observados y los cálculos realizados, presentando además dos procedimientos de soldadura que pueden ser aplicados en nuestro medio, y un método que facilitará la solución de los problemas que son detectados en el astillero. Palabras clave.-Construcción naval, Procedimientos, Astilleros. ABSTRACTThe present work studies the productivity of the weld in naval construction, starting off of an analysis of the production in our means happening to present some techniques or alternatives to increase the productivity of the weld in naval construction. We will begin describing some basic knowledge of weld, productivity and like determining the productivity of weld in the naval construction, in addition to because of the analysis of the productivity of the weld in our means. Also some factors are exposed that are going to influence in the production of the weld, as they are the yield by fusion, the selection of the materials, the type of steel, the type of procedure, etc. On the other hand, the statistical data taken in the zone from work appear that will serve to measure the productivity of the weld based on the kilograms of deposited metal and the yield by fusion of several types of electrodes. Finally, the proposal appears to increase the productivity of the weld in our means on the basis of the observed problems and the made calculations, presenting in addition two welding procedures that can be applied in our means, and a method that will facilitate the solution of the problems that are detected in the shipyard. Keywords.- Shipbuilding, Procedures, Ahipyards.

scholarly journals Comparative study of biology on ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) - flight ability, feeding habits and fecundity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonomi Shibuya
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Flight Muscle ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Reproductive Phenology ◽  
Flight Ability ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Flight Muscles

We studied flight ability, feeding habits and fecundity in carabids. Based on these traits, we investigated characteristics of five species of Harpalus, Synuchus and Carabus as bioindicators of changing environments. Three species of Harpalus, H. griseus, H. eous and H. tridens, showed different degrees of flight ability. We examined the morphology and the length of hind wings, and also investigated by dissection the phenology of flight muscles. The ratio of hind wing to body length (HWBL) was 0.93 in H. tridens, 0.99 in H. eous and 1.02 in H. griseus. The aerial catches ratio to total catches (aerial / aerial+ pitfall traps) of H. tridens was lower (16%) than the other two (72, 76%), and the proportion of individuals with flight muscles of H. tridens (29%) was lower than the other two (71, 77%), indicating H. tridens has lowest flight ability. All three species exhibited flight muscle polymorphism. The hind wings of Synuchus cycloderus were mono-morphic macropterous with 0.75 (HWBL). However, no individuals were caught by aerial traps, and none possessed the flight muscles, indicating this species does not fly. The hind wings of Carabus procerulus were mono-morphic stick-shaped brachyptery without the flight muscle. Flight is important trait for food searching and dispersal. Gut dissection revealed that three Harpalus species depended mainly on seeds and partly on arthropods. The fact that animal fragments were found more frequently in the guts of H. tridens than the other two indicated a close relationship between flight ability and diet. Through gut dissection, we found S. cycloderus was a generalist predator. It preys not only on larvae but also adults of small arthropods including collembola. The food remains of guts of C. procerulus consisted of amorphous fluid, and cuticles were hardly detected. It suggested that the inside of prey was exclusively consumed by extra-oral digestion rather than chewing. Fecundity was assessed by gonad dissection through the number of ovarian eggs and their size. S. cycloderus had many eggs with small size, by contrast C. procerulus and three Harpalus species had few-large eggs. Many studies have shown that ground beetles responded differently to vegetation disturbances. We interpreted these results from their ecological traits. Our previous study of the vegetation disturbance effects on ground beetles demonstrated that C. procerulus declined in number was accompanied with decline in body size. Food shortage induced the reduction in both number and body size of C. procerulus. On the other hand, the number of S. cycloderus significantly increased. Although some of their prey were reduced, as generalist predators, they alternatively consumed other prey that has increased greatly in number. The trait of S. cycloderus with many eggs has also great potential for population explosion. The numbers of H. griseus and H. eous were not affected by the disturbance, while H. tridens decreased. Shortage of prey organisms caused negative effects on H. tridens compared to H. griseus and H. eous which depend more on seeds. We have been studying ground beetles in Japan, and already have some basic knowledge, such as hind wings, flight ability, feeding habits, reproductive phenology and seasonal activity for 78 key species. Ground beetles are excellent bioindicators. Our bottom up approach by the dissection of ground beetles collected periodically through the year would be essential when we have to face with extreme conditions, such as global warning.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of the Segment Transfer Rate of TCP-UEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Airton Orlandini Junior ◽  
Luciana Andréia Fondazzi Martimiano
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Congestion Control Mechanism ◽  
Loss Rates

UsingTCP(TransmissionControlProtocol)inwirelessnetworkscanaffectitsperformanceduetoits lack of ability to identify packets losses properly, causing the triggering of its congestion control mechanism. Some TCP variants were proposed to improve this control, being TCP-UEM one of them. This variant allows the evaluation of the link reliability in wireless networks in time intervals, keeping the end-to-end semantics. TCP-UEM was implemented in FreeBSD OS and its performance with relation to segment transfer rate (in Mbps) was compared to two other variants, TCP-NEWRENO and TCP-CUBIC. This paper describes TCP-UEM, discusses results of the tests and the statistical analysis that were carried out using two scenarios. For each scenario, 30 samples of 30 seconds of execution time with different loss rates were collected. The results showed that TCP-UEM presented a good performance, achieving a performance higher than the other two variants in the majority of the tests, with different loss rates.

scholarly journals Equalities between h-type Indices and Definitions of Rational h-type Indicators

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Leo Egghe ◽  
Yves Fassin ◽  
Ronald Rousseau
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
H Index ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The One ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract Purpose To show for which publication-citation arrays h-type indices are equal and to reconsider rational h-type indices. Results for these research questions fill some gaps in existing basic knowledge about h-type indices. Design/methodology/approach The results and introduction of new indicators are based on well-known definitions. Findings The research purpose has been reached: answers to the first questions are obtained and new indicators are defined. Research limitations h-type indices do not meet the Bouyssou-Marchant independence requirement. Practical implications On the one hand, more insight has been obtained for well-known indices such as the h- and the g-index and on the other hand, simple extensions of existing indicators have been added to the bibliometric toolbox. Relative rational h-type indices are more useful for individuals than the existing absolute ones. Originality/value Answers to basic questions such as “when are the values of two h-type indices equal” are provided. A new rational h-index is introduced.

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