scholarly journals Inclusive Institutions – a Precondition of Sustainable Development. A Comparative Analysis Between Romania and Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Oana-Ramona Socoliuc (Guriță) ◽  
Ion Pohoață ◽  
Delia-Elena Diaconașu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Transition Economies ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Institutional Performance ◽  
Vec Model ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Development Institutions

When trying to identify the sources of growth and sustainable development, institutions and their effectiveness are among the most important and powerful instrument required to explain the economic dynamics of countries all over the world. More precisely, those rules, formal or informal, political or economic, that foster the participation of the majority of people in activities able to ensure the allocation of resources to their most productive destinations are the ones that promote long-term prosperity. Their significance is becoming even more important when the particular case of transition economies is addressed. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to demonstrate that inclusive institutions (political and economic ones) are a prerequisite for the long-run development, mainly for emerging economies. Using an unique dataset of indicators that highlight the quality of economic and political institutions we have employed a VEC Model, variance decomposition and Granger causality analysis for Romania and Poland, in order to emphasize that, from a comparative perspective, each transition path towards the market economy has designed different rules of the game determining, thus, dissimilar development profiles.  Keywords: Sustainable development, Transition economies, Institutions, Institutional performance

scholarly journals Strategic Ways to Modernize the Old Industrial Regions of Ukraine from the Perspective of Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-40
Author(s):  
V. Liashenko ◽  
◽  
I. Petrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Economic Area ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Industrial Regions ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Old Industrial Regions

The article defines the sustainable development of the old industrial regions of Ukraine (Slobozhanskiy, Prydniprovskiy, Donetsk Economic Area) using the methodology for determining the criteria and quantifying the processes and stages of their industrial, post-industrial and neo-industrial modernization. In the course of the study, a methodological toolkit was used to assess the level and conditions of industrial, post-industrial and neo-industrial modernization of the economy based on taking into account the quantitative parameters of the ecological, economic and social components of sustainable development. The results of assessing the stages of modernization of the regions of Ukraine in 2005-2019. confirmed the industrial development of Donetsk (Donetsk and Lugansk regions) and Prydniprovskiy (Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhia and Kirovograd regions) Economic Area. According to the results of the assessment of post-industrial modernization, the Slobozhanskiy Economic Area (Poltava, Sumy and Kharkiv regions) received the highest index. This region is the undisputed leader in terms of indicators reflecting innovation in knowledge and knowledge transfer (the difference is tens of points in comparison with the corresponding indices of other regions). Assessment of the stage of neo-industrial modernization showed the existence of a negative trend that has developed in all economic regions – a steady decrease in funding for innovations in knowledge. As a result, the overall index of knowledge indicator groups showed no signs of growth, and even decreased in some areas. The Slobozhanskiy Economic Area became an optimistic exception. The development and implementation of a methodology for assessing modernization processes will increase the efficiency of management decision-making by state authorities, improve the quality of strategies and targeted comprehensive programs for socio-economic development. To ensure post-industrial and neo-industrial modernization of the economy based on sustainable development in the conditions of insufficient efficiency and effectiveness of the traditional instruments of state policy, it is necessary to form institutions of regional development. Analyzed the current state of the presence of regional development institutions in the areas of activity. It was determined that the institutional structure is heterogeneous, the regions are different in the quality of labor and natural resources, which actually determines the specialization of the regional economy, therefore, for them it is necessary to use differentiated support measures from the development institutions.

INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL REPORTING STUDY OF IT-SECTOR CORPORATIONS IN INDIA

2011 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Madan Lal Bhasin
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Voluntary Reporting ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
External Stakeholder ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Wealth Generation ◽  
Voluntary Basis

Intellectual capital (IC) can prove to be a source of competitive advantage for businesses ultimately leading to wealth generation in the long-term. At present, reporting of IC information is done by very few leading corporations purely on a “voluntary” basis. Unfortunately, the omission of IC information may adversely influence the quality of decisions made by shareholders, or lead to material misstatements. India presents an ideal case for the analysis of IC reporting by the IT corporations because the economy has been undergoing rapid transformation.This study attempts to provide an insight into the style of IC reporting done by the top IT-sector corporations in India. In order to survey the recent IC reporting practices, we conducted a study of 16 IT corporations in which “content analysis” was performed on their 2007 to 2009 annual reports. The results of this study confirmed that IC reporting in these corporations is almost negligible, and IC reporting had not received any preference from the mentors of these corporations. A major recommendation for corporations is to develop strategic and tactical initiatives that provide for ‘voluntary’ reporting of IC. These initiatives may initially be used for internal management purposes, but an external stakeholder-focus IC report should be the ultimate long-run goal.

Long-Term Effects

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith G. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Administrative Framework

This chapter compares how several countries respond to recommendations by monitors in the long run, and whether the overall quality of elections improves throughout multiple monitored elections. Most monitoring efforts aim not simply to deter overt cheating in a single round of elections, but to bring changes in the long run. This is one reason many organizations invest considerable time on the ground. More than half of monitored elections have at least one pre-election visit by an organizational delegation, and in about 40 percent of elections at least one organization arrived a month or more in advance. Most importantly, international election monitors usually include many recommendations in their reports. These recommendations call attention to current problems in the legal and administrative framework for elections and often make concrete suggestions about how to address them.

Cultural Tourism and Economic Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-44
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Tourism Attractions ◽  
Key Aspects

There are many links between cultural tourism and economic development. Governments from entire nations down to cities and counties have made tourism a focal point in their economic development efforts. This chapter discusses 18 types of cultural tourism attractions ranging from architecture to gastronomy to sex. Each of the types of cultural tourism are assessed in terms of the level of interaction between a tourist and an attraction. Travel and tourism's contribution to gross domestic product (GDP) has outpaced overall GDP in 62% of the 185 countries studied by the World Travel and Tourism Council in 2017. Tourism's contribution to GDP exceeds 10% for several countries with Iceland topping the list at 20.1%. Sustainability is a key to the success of any long-term development strategy, and this is certainly the case with cultural tourism. The tradeoff communities face is maximizing short term returns versus managing development (tourism) to maintain the quality of the resource for the long run. Over-tourism results when an attraction or a community experiences numbers of tourists beyond the carrying capacity of the attraction. While the marketplace is better suited for managing much of tourism and its impacts, government is uniquely suited to manage some key aspects of tourism. Government is better able than business to manage for the long term. Additionally, governments can weigh costs and benefits to different groups (e.g., residents versus tourists). Two case studies are presented to highlight these issues.

Balancing: the economic approach to sustainable water management

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Braden ◽  
E. C. van Ierland
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Watershed Management ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Sustainable Water Management ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Insight Into

The economic approach to the management of water resources and systems is one of balancing competing objectives. Economics provides a framework for weighing those objectives in determining how much of each to strive for based on concerns for current use as well as long-term sustainability. More importantly, economics provides insight into policies that promote sustainable development by virtue of aligning the incentives of individuals with the long-run interests of the community. This paper shows how economic principles can be applied to reinforce sustainable choices concerning water supply, waste water treatment, irrigation, and watershed management.

The Salience of American State Politics

1970 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kent Jennings ◽  
Harmon Zeigler
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
State Government ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
State Politics ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Institutional Performance ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Large Numbers

Research emphasizing the correlates of state policy outputs and the performance of particular institutions has overshadowed the role of the citizenry in the drama of state politics. One question of basic concern is the relevance of state government and politics for the inhabitants of a state. At the level of public policy and institutional performance the answer to this is factual and straightforward. The nature, amount, distribution, and to some extent the quality of a state's services and policies can be specified. Since states perform most of the traditional functions of governmental units and since these functions affect the fortunes of the citizens, state politics has an obvious, tangible, objective relevance for a state's inhabitants. At another level, however, the answer is not so clear-cut. Here we are dealing with the idea of what is subjectively relevant. Large numbers of people apparently pass their lives being touched by political institutions in a variety of ways without becoming particularly interested in or involved with these institutions. Other people become intensely, purposively related to these same institutions. Still others fall along a continuum between these two poles. If substantial variations exist in the general salience of politics, there is little reason to doubt that the same conditions may be found in particular subsets of political matters. In the case at hand this subset consists of the cluster of institutions, actors, and processes known as state political systems.

scholarly journals WHAT IS THE ROLE OF IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN THE LONG TERM?

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550006 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAN BOND
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Stated Goal ◽  
Generational Equity

This short paper makes the case that most impact assessment (IA) has sustainable development as the stated goal, but that it doesn't deliver sustainable outcomes. A key pillar of sustainable development is equity, both intra-generational (defined after Lamorgese and Geneletti (2013, p.119) as ensuring "equity of opportunity for everyone, particularly the poorest and most vulnerable members of the community and seek to create a good quality of life for everyone") and inter-generational equity (defined after Gibson et al. (2005, p. 235) as favouring "present options and actions that are most likely to preserve or enhance the opportunities and capabilities of future generations to live sustainably"). Notwithstanding the importance of intra-generational equity, this paper focuses on the problem that inter-generational equity presents to IA both because of the prevalence of short-term planning, and because approaches developed to deal with inherent uncertainty associated with impacts considered in the long term are overly resource intensive and therefore impractical. A research focus on IA processes that can deal with inter-generational impacts cost effectively might provide the basis on which to develop an IA tool that actually delivers on its stated goal and fits in with current decision-making norms.

Kautilya's model of sustainable development

Humanomics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bhalachandran
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Perspectives ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Level Of Understanding

PurposeThe purpose of this seminal paper is to present the concept of sustainability in its purest form as conceived by Kautilya and bring out its relevance to the current issues and the areas of concern in the global perspectives.Design/methodology/approachThis paper goes with the premise that the concept of sustainable development (SD) as enunciated by the western theorists has not been fitted in an integrated framework. An attempt is made in this study, to bring to light an unwritten model of SD of Kautilya, which is universal in approach and relevant to many of the current issues of today.FindingsThe Kautilya's model of SD is an assimilation of idealistic and realistic views of human life. The quintessence of this model is that SD can be realized only if each one in a society lives for the other and all collectively for the welfare of the mankind.Research limitations/implicationsThe success of this model depends on the level of understanding, design of socio‐economic and political institutions required, the goals and the means set for oneself and society and the degree of accountability exhibited in implementing the model.Practical implicationsThis model can be tailored to suit the requirements of modern society in the short run as well as in the long run.Originality/valueThis paper is original in nature because a modern concept like SD is analytically linked to the development‐design of Kautilya with a view to infusing profundity, realism and applicability to it.

scholarly journals The impact of tourist flows on the sustainable development of a tourist destination

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (4) ◽  
pp. 042031
Author(s):  
A Kopyrin ◽  
E Vidishcheva
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Tourist Flows ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The development of the economy’s tourism sector is one of the priority tasks set by the leadership of the Krasnodar Territory and Russian Federation. Thus, the construction of a model of the impact of tourist flows on the sustainability of the destination is very relevant. The authors developed a simulation model of the impact of tourist flows on the sustainable development of destination. The weighted net savings indicator was used as a measure of sustainability. This model can be further used in predicting the development of the studied sector of the economy. Using the developed tool for medium- and long-term planning will provide additional data to decision makers, reducing uncertainty, and thus improving the quality of management. The accuracy of the model is based entirely on publicly available statistics and expert assessments.

scholarly journals Economic growth and quality of institutions in 27 postsocialist economies

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-787
Author(s):  
Constantinos Alexiou ◽  
Sofoklis Vogiazas ◽  
Nikita Solovev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe relationship between institutional quality and economic growth is revisited.Design/methodology/approachA panel cointegration methodology and causality analysis are applied to 27 postsocialist economies over the period from 1996 to 2016.FindingsUtilizing the Worldwide Governance Indicators as a means of assessing the quality of institutions, it is found that in the long run, economic growth is positively associated with the rule of law and voice and accountability. In the short run, regulatory quality retains a positive effect, but voice and accountability demonstrate a puzzling negative effect on economic growth that merits further analysis. In exploring the causal dimension of our variables, supporting evidence of the strong links between the quality of institutions and economic growth is provided, hence rendering robust results.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first time that an ARDL methodological framework, which addresses potential endogeneity issues, is used to investigate the relationship between institutional quality and growth in the context of postsocialist economies.

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