Comparative Study of the Cure and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber/Expandable Graphite Vulcanizate Filled with Nano and Precipitated Calcium Carbonate

This research aimed to develop the formulation of natural rubber filled with carbon black, silica and calcium carbonate for rubber calf nipple application. The reverse engineering was performed on the calf nipple product to analyze the rubber type and component by using Soxhlet extraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. Furthermore, mechanical properties were examined to act as benchmark for the rubber compound design. The results showed that rubber component in the nipple product was natural rubber, whereas two filler types revealed as carbon black and calcium carbonate with 10 and 35 of the total weight. In addition, rubber nipple showed the hardness of 46±1 Shore A and tensile strength of 5.3±0.60 MPa. From the investigation of the properties of developed rubber compounds in this work, it was found that the mechanical properties depended on type and content of filler. The required mechanical properties of vulcanizates were achieved at 20 phr of carbon black (N330), 20 phr of silica and 120 phr of calcium carbonate.

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A Comparative Study of the Dynamic-Mechanical Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber/Epoxidized Natural Rubber Dual Filler Nanocomposites Cured by Sulfur or Electron Beam Irradiation

Journal of Macromolecular Science Part B ◽

10.1080/00222348.2019.1574428 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 58 (7) ◽

pp. 619-633 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sima Ahmadi-Shooli ◽

Mitra Tavakoli

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Electron Beam ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Natural Rubber ◽

Electron Beam Irradiation ◽

Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽

Styrene Butadiene Rubber ◽

Butadiene Rubber ◽

Beam Irradiation ◽

Styrene Butadiene

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MIXING SEQUENCE IN NATURAL RUBBER CONTAINING ORGANOCLAY AND NANO–CALCIUM CARBONATE TERNARY HYBRID NANOCOMPOSITES

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/rct.13.87967 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 330-341 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Hedayatollah Sadeghi Ghari ◽

Azam Jalali Arani ◽

Zahra Shakouri

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Calcium Carbonate ◽

Natural Rubber ◽

Research Field ◽

Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽

Melt Mixing ◽

Filler Phase ◽

Mixing Sequence ◽

Single Filler ◽

Morphology And Mechanical Properties

ABSTRACT Rubber nanocomposites containing one type of nanofiller are common and are widely established in the research field. In this study, natural rubber (NR) based ternary nanocomposites containing both calcium carbonate and organoclay have been characterized on the basis of morphology, cure characteristics, and physico-mechanical behavior. Natural rubber nanocomposite samples containing modified silicate (Cloisite 15A) and also nano-carbonate calcium were prepared using a laboratory internal mixer. The effect of the mixing sequence on the morphology and mechanical properties of the samples was investigated. Based on results of morphology and mechanical properties, the dual fillers phase nanocomposites (hybrid nanocomposite) perform better in comparison with single filler phase nanocomposites. The reinforcing capability of nano-CaCO3 and organoclay in NR was characterized by means of cure rheometry, morphology, and mechanical properties. NR/single filler phase and two filler phase nanocomposites were prepared by simple melt mixing method. Concentration of nano-CaCO3 and organoclay in NR was 10 and 5 parts per one hundred parts of rubber by weight, respectively. The microstructure and homogeneity of the compounds was confirmed by studying the dispersion of nanoparticles in NR via X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy. A more pronounced effect was achieved by using dual filler based nanocomposites as compared with single filler phase nanocomposites. The obtained results reveal that hybrid nanocomposites have more adequate morphology, rheometery, and mechanical behaviors as well as swelling resistance. The effect of mixing sequence of fillers has been studied in detail. Simultaneous addition of the two nanofillers to the NR compound would lead to better nanocomposite properties compared with other mixing sequences. Also, the results show that the mixing sequence of these nanofillers in NR has little effect on the performance of the nanocomposite.

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Comparison of Reinforcing Efficiency between Calcium Carbonate/Carbon Black and Calcium Carbonate/Silica Hybrid Filled Natural Rubber Composites

Defect and Diffusion Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.382.94 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 382 ◽

pp. 94-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sarawut Prasertsri ◽

Chaiwute Vudjung ◽

Wunchai Inthisaeng ◽

Sansanee Srichan ◽

Kanchana Sapprasert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Calcium Carbonate ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Natural Rubber ◽

Hybrid System ◽

Hybrid Composites ◽

Strength Increase ◽

Hybrid Filler ◽

Carbonate Carbon ◽

Cure Time

The present research aimed to develop natural rubber (NR) hybrid composites reinforced with calcium carbonate/carbon black (CC/CB) and calcium carbonate/silica (CC/SC). The influence of CC/CB and CC/SC with various filler ratios (120/0, 90/5, 60/10, 30/15 and 0/20) on cure characteristics and mechanical properties of the vulcanizates was investigated and their reinforcing efficiency was compared. It has been found that incorporation of CB in the hybrid filler decreases the scorch time and cure time but increases crosslink density, whereas the incorporation of silica showed cure retardation. As CB or SC content increases, stiffness, tensile strength and tear strength increase, while elongation at break and compression set decrease. Scanning electron microscopy studies also reveal poor filler dispersion and poor adhesion between filler particles and matrix in the vulcanizates with increasing in CC content in a weight filler ratio which causes inferior mechanical properties. Incorporation of CB or SC content enhanced the mechanical properties of the vulcanizates, where CC/CB hybrid system exhibited higher reinforcing efficiency compared with CC/SC hybrid system.

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