scholarly journals Photocatalytic TiO2 Embedded on PET-g-PAAc Fabric by Sono-gamma Irradiation Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-353
Author(s):  
Sheikha A. Alkhursani ◽  
Mohamed Madani ◽  
Mohamed Mohamady Ghobashy
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Tio2 Particle ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Pet Fabric ◽  
Tio2 Particles ◽  
Photocatalytic Tio2

Fabrication of photocatalytic TiO2 particles onto PET-g-PAAc fabric has been succeeded by ultrasonic-gamma irradiation methods. Ultrasonic irradiation assisted for good distribution of TiO2 particles onto the surface of PET fabric in a uniform manner at ambient conditions. The product modify PET fabric was characterized by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) confirmed the grafting of COOH groups onto PET fabric. SEM images revealed a good dispersed and adherent obtained TiO2 particle onto PET fabric. Results obtained from X-ray diffraction indicating TiO2 (Degussa P25) in the anatase and rutile phases. The degradation process of three different dyes remazol red, amido black and toluidine blue from aqueous solutions by TiO2@PET-g-PAAc was investigated using modified photo reactor. It was found that decoluorization of toluidine blue was 99 % after 60 min. The reused of TiO2@PET-g-PAAc showed that the activity of TiO2@PET-g-PAAc for degradation still remained good which conclude that PET fabric makes TiO2 easily recovered, which overcomes the disadvantage of separation difficulty of common catalyst after or through degradation processing.

scholarly journals Effect of SiO2 and TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Performance of UV Visible Fluorescent Coatings

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 928
Author(s):  
Sanja Mahović Poljaček ◽  
Tamara Tomašegović ◽  
Mirjam Leskovšek ◽  
Urška Stanković Elesini
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Bending Stiffness ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Surface Coatings ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Structural Surface ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Reflectance Measurements

In the present research, the properties of ultraviolet (UV) visible (daylight invisible) fluorescent coatings modified by the addition of SiO2 and TiO2 nanoparticles were studied. Structural, surface, and mechanical properties and changes in the coatings caused by accelerated ageing were analyzed. The results showed that the addition of nanoparticles caused the changes in unaged and aged printed coatings. Reflectance measurements of modified coatings showed that addition of TiO2 nanoparticles improved the visual effect of the unaged coatings. Furthermore, results have shown that the addition of SiO2 did not diminish the reflectance of the modified coatings after ageing. The results of roughness measurements showed that the addition of SiO2 decreased roughness after the ageing process, probably due to the degradation process indicated by Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The roughness of the coatings with TiO2 nanoparticles was increased after the ageing on the samples with higher concentrations of TiO2 due to the agglomerates of plastisol formed on the surface of the coatings, visible in SEM images. Surface analysis of coatings showed that TiO2 caused an increase in the polarity of the surface coatings. Results of the bending stiffness showed that the addition of the nanoparticles to the coating, especially of SiO2, significantly improved the bending stiffness of the unaged samples.

Photonic Curing of Copper Ink Films on Liquid Crystal Polymer Substrate

MRS Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (42) ◽  
pp. 2191-2199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Luce ◽  
Guinevere Strack ◽  
Oshadha Ranasingha ◽  
Edward Kingsely ◽  
Craig Armiento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Copper Film ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Liquid Crystal Polymer ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Total Energy Density ◽  
Crystal Polymer

AbstractThe application of intense pulsed light (IPL) to printed copper nanoparticle (CuNP) films enables rapid curing on low temperature substrates in ambient conditions. In this work, we printed CuNP ink on liquid crystal polymer (LCP; Vectra A resin) and then cured the films using a high energy density light pulse. High-resolution SEM images of the cured films revealed that the CuNPs on LCP were fused together. Optimal curing parameters were a 5 ms pulse, 75% duty cycle, and an energy density range of 4.2–5.2 J⋅cm-2. Sheet resistance, Rs, values as low as ~0.1 Ω⋅sq-1were obtained. The LCP substrate took on a yellowed appearance after the application of five pulses and exhibited a surface free energy increase. A filter that blocked wavelengths <450 nm was placed over the printed copper film on LCP. As expected, the presence of the filter decreased the total energy density and produced a cured film with high Rs; however, when the energy density was increased in the presence of the filter, the Rs remained high (0.95 Ω⋅sq-1). This preliminary work indicates that additional studies are required not only to understand low thermal budget curing on LCP, but also to elucidate the properties of substrates that enable low Rs.

Protection of polyester fabric from ignition by a new chemical modification method

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA Younis
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Polyester Fabric ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Adhesion Promoter ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Pet Fabric ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Modification Method

The purpose of this research is to improve ignition properties and anti-dripping of polyester fabric by using adhesion promoter (AP). The ignition properties of the untreated and treated specimens with durable flame retardant coating and non-durable flame retardant coating were estimated by horizontal flame chamber (UL-94), single-flame source and limiting oxygen index (LOI). The chemical structures of the pre- and final composites have been determined by Fourier transform infrared spectra with attenuated total reflection analysis spectroscopy. The mechanical tests and thermal properties were applied to study their tensile strength and thermal behaviors. The results show that AP has improved the flame retardancy and dripping of PET fabric compared to blank. The char yield increased from 8% to 18%, LOI from 17.5% to 27.5%.

The Effect of Double-Element Doping on the Photocatalytic Property of Nano-TiO2

2013 ◽  
Vol 669 ◽  
pp. 371-376
Author(s):  
Su Huang ◽  
Fu Yun Li ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Li Zhen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Photocatalytic Property ◽  
Tio2 Particle ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Minimum Diameter ◽  
Tio2 Particles ◽  
Element Doping

Sol-gel method was applied to synthesize nano-TiO2 particles doped with metal and non-metallic elements. Nano-TiO2 particles were doped at different calcinations’ temperatures with S and Fe, Ce and La, respectively. A comparison was performed on the effect of different metallic elements on nano-TiO2 particles doped with the same non-metallic element S. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the diameter of doped nano-TiO2 particle was smaller than that of non-doped nano-TiO2 particles. The minimum diameter of nano-TiO2 doped with Ce and S was about 8nm, while that of nano-TiO2 doped with La and S was about 9nm. The minimum diameter of nano-TiO2 particles doped with Fe and S was about 10nm. In addition, with the increase of calcinations’ temperature, the size of nano-TiO2 particle increased. All nano-TiO2 particles doped with double elements were antae. Methyl orange was used to simulate the pollutant to analyze the photocatalytic property of doped nano-TiO2. The results indicated that the doped element had some effect on the photocatalytic property of nano-TiO2, and varied for different doped metallic elements. Among them, the degradation rate of methyl orange by nano-TiO2 doped with La and S under the calcinations’ temperature of 550 °C reached 28.97%.

scholarly journals Designing Zirconium Coated Polystyrene Colloids and Application

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Chira ◽  
Seong S. Seo
Keyword(s):  
Zirconium Oxychloride ◽  
Nerve Agent ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ir Studies ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Amine Groups ◽  
Atr Spectroscopy

A simple technique has been developed to prepare core colloids that are modified using zirconium oxychloride, based on heating a solution of core colloid composites, consisting of poly (ethylenimine) (PEI) and zirconium oxychloride. The interaction of zirconium oxychloride with the polystyrene (PS) core colloids has been investigated using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data. FT-IR studies confirm the occurrence of amine groups present in PEI which are oxidized to carboxyl groups after the reaction. The EDX data and the SEM images confirm the presence of zirconium particles immobilized on the polystyrene surfaces. Demeton, a highly toxic nerve agent, was used due to its ability to easily bind through its organophosphate group illustrating a practical application of the PS-PEI-Zr particles. Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR) Spectroscopy was used to assess the interactions between the toxic nerve agent demeton-S and the PS-PEI-Zr particles. The results show that the presented technique for coating polystyrene core colloids with zirconium was successfully accomplished, and the newly formed particles easily bond with demeton agents through the P=O functional group.

Fabrication and Evaluation of Arrayed Needle-Like TiO2 Particle – Transparent Resin Composite Films

2011 ◽  
Vol 484 ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Shin Ichi Kikitsu ◽  
Takaaki Otsuka ◽  
Hidetoshi Miyazaki ◽  
Hisao Suzuki ◽  
Toshitaka Ota
Keyword(s):  
Composite Film ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Tio2 Particle ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Tio2 Particles ◽  
Fabrication Condition

Needle-like TiO2-resin composite films were fabricated using needle-like TiO2 particle filler and urethane matrix. The needle-like TiO2 particles in the composite film were arrayed completely under the fabrication condition of applying AC bias of 10 volt with 0.1 Hz for 4 hr, and the transmittance of the resulting composite film showed angularly dependence. The needle-like TiO2 particles in the composite were oriented quickly by a larger applying bias. Furthermore, increase of the mixing ratio of TiO2 particles in the composite film caused increasing an angularly dependence of the transmittance of the composites.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of four new halloysite–TiO2 nanocomposites.

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
D. Papoulis ◽  
S. Komarneni ◽  
D. Toli ◽  
D. Panagiotaras ◽  
S. Bakalis
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Anatase Tio2 ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Published Data ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tio2 Particles

The synthesis as well as the characterization of small-sized TiO2 particles supported on Halloysite are presented. Hallloysite from Utah, USA as well as from Limnos, island Greece, were used to synthesize two nanocomposites for each halloysite with TiO2 to halloysite weight ratios of 80: 20 and 60:40 and compare with published data of well formed nanocomposites of intermediate proportion (70-30) that were previously studied. All nanocomposites were prepared by deposition of anatase (TiO2) on the halloysite tubes using a sol–gel method under hydrothermal treatment at 180 °C. Phase composition, particle morphology and physical properties of these samples were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Attenuated Total Reflection using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and N2 surface area analysis by BET. Preparation of all halloysite–TiO2 nanocomposites led to the anticipated good dispersion of anatase particles on halloysite surfaces. ATR-FTIR results revealed the formation of hydrogen bonding between anatase and the outer surfaces of halloysite tubes. All halloysite-TiO2 nanocomposites largely showed interparticle mesopores of about 5.7nm and high SSAs.

scholarly journals Estimating the Parameters of Degradation Models when Error Terms are Autocorrelated

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jehad Al-Jararha ◽  
Mohammed Al-Haj Ebrahem ◽  
Abedel-Qader Al-Masri
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Degradation Data ◽  
Error Terms ◽  
The Times ◽  
Cyclic Changes

The need of autocorrelation models for degradation data comes from the facts that the degradation measurements are often correlated, since such measurements are taken over time. Time series can exhibit autocorrelation caused by modeling error or cyclic changes in ambient conditions in the measurement errors or in degradation process itself. Generally, autocorrelation becomes stronger when the times between measurements are relativelyshort and becomes less noticeable when the times between process are longer. In this paper, we assume that the error terms are autocorrelated and have an autoregressive of order one, AR(1). This case is a more general case of the assumption that the error terms are identically and independently normally distributed. Since when the error terms are uncorrelated over the time, the estimate of the parameter of AR(1) is approximately zero.If the parameter of AR(1) is unknown, one can estimate it from the data set. Using two real data sets, the model parameters are estimated and compared with the case when the error terms are independent and identically distributed. Such computations are available by using procedures AUTOREG and model in SAS. Computations show that an AR(1) can be used as a useful tool to remove the autocorrelation between the residuals.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF OPERATIONAL PARAMETERS ON PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF TOLUIDINE BLUE UTILIZING BiOCl NANOPLATES IN SOLAR LIGHT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Brijesh Pare ◽  
Vaishali Joshi ◽  
Satish Piplode
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Solar Light ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images

This work is devoted to the study of the effects of various operational parameters such asH2O2, K2S2O8, NaCl, Na2CO3, FeCl3, Fenton’s reagent, O2, N2 purging, effect of otherphotocatalysts on the photocatalytic degradation of toluidine blue dye by as synthesized nanoBiOCl under solar light in following conditions pH= 11, catalyst loading= 30 mg/100ml andinitial dye concentration= 4 × 10-5 mol L-1. Nano BiOCl was prepared by a simple hydrolysismethod at room temperature and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and HighResolution Field Emission Scanning Microscope (HR FESEM). XRD pattern suggested thatthe synthesized nano BiOCl was highly pure and crystalline, SEM images depicted theplatelike morphology of nano BiOCl. The average particle size of nano BiOCl was obtained as45 nm. It was observed that these operational parameters greatly influenced the rate ofphotocatalytic degradation. The optimum concentrations of oxidants, salts, FeCl3 andFenton’s reagent for photocatalysis of toluidine blue have also been obtained.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document