scholarly journals Determination of Fenpyroximate Acaricide in Vegetables, Soil and Water Samples using UV-Visible Spectroscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1991-1995
Author(s):  
D.K. Sahu ◽  
C. Bhatt ◽  
J. Rai ◽  
M.K. Rai ◽  
J. Goswami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Soil And Water

Modern agriculture makes use of chemical pesticides to increase the crop productivity so as to meet the daily needs of uncontrolled population growth. These increase the productivity neglecting the fertility of soil and food quality, hence risking the health of human beings including animals. Fenpyroximate is a kind of acaricide which attacks and kills mites and decreases the growth of larvae. A method is established for the detection of fenpyroximate and stop excessive use of pesticide. After performing several tests on various wavelengths, the λmax for the detection of fenpyroximate was 435 nm for azo dye. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) was found to be 0.687 μg mL-1 and 2.083 μg mL-1, respectively. Furthermore, molar absorptivity, Sandell′s sensitivity were calculated to be 2.3 × 10-7 mol-1 cm-1 and 1 × 10-5 μg cm-2, respectively. The azo dye follows Beer′s law in the range 5 μg to 14 μg in 10 mL that can be easily detected by using spectrophotometric analysis. This method is very sensitive, low cost and less time consuming. The present method is applied successfully in various vegetables (i.e. apple, cucumber, potato, spinach, etc.) soil and water samples.

UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Determination of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Insecticide in Vegetables, Soil and Water Samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar Sahu ◽  
Joyce Rai ◽  
Chhaya Bhatt ◽  
Manish K. Rai ◽  
Jyoti Goswami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Yellow Colour ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin

In modern age pesticide is used widely in agriculture. Lambda-cyhalothrin (LCT) is one of the most used pesticides which are used as a insecticide to kill pest, tricks, flies etc in agricultural field and it is also used for crop production. We have developed new method to detect LCT insecticide in agriculture field and reduce its uses. In this method we found the maximum absorbance at 460 nm for yellow colour dye. We also calculated limit of detection and limit of quantification 0.001 mg kg-1 and 0.056 mg kg-1 respectively. Molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity was also calculated and obtained 1.782 ×107 mol-1 cm-1 and 9.996 ×10-6 µg cm-2 respectively. The obtained yellow colour dye obeyed Beer’s law limit range of 0.5 µg ml -1 to 16 µg ml-1 in 25 ml. This method is less time consuming, selective, simple, sensitive and low cost. Present method is successfully applied in various soil, water and vegetable samples.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Determination of Certain Antiepileptic's in Tablets Using Vanillin Reagent

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 3540-3551
Author(s):  
Taghreed A. Mohammed ◽  
Mona A. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Drug Products ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

A selective and new spectrophotometric method is described for determination of three antiepileptic drugs; namely lamotrigine (LAM), gabapentin (GAB), and oxcarbazepine (OXC) in drug substances and in drug products using vanillin reagent as the chromogenic agent. The method is based on a coupling reaction between the cited drugs and vanillin reagent in acidic condition. Under optimized conditions, the yellow colored products were measured at 405, 396, and 400 nm respectively. Beer’s law was obeyed at (0.4 – 10), (0.1-10), and (0.5-11) μg/mL, and  the calculated molar absorptivity values are 2.52 x 104, 1.74 x 104, and 2.54 x 104 L/mol/cm for LAM, GAB, and OXC respectively. Sandell sensitivity, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were calculated. No interference was observed from common additives found in drug products. The presented method was validated according to ICH guidelines. Statistical comparison of the results was performed using Student's t-test and F-ratio at 95% confidence level, and there was no significant difference between the reference and proposed method with regard to accuracy and precision. The method offers the advantages of rapidity, simplicity and sensitivity and low cost and can be easily applied to resource poor settings without the need for expensive instrumentation and reagents.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determination of diclofenac in pharmaceutical preparations assisted by microwave oven

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Ciapina ◽  
A. O. Santini ◽  
P. L. Weinert ◽  
M. A. Gotardo ◽  
H. R. Pezza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Magnesium Stearate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Limit Of Quantification

In this work, an effective and low-cost method for the determination of sodium or potassium diclofenac is proposed in its pure form and in their pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on the reaction between diclofenac and tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone (p-chloranil), in methanol medium. This reaction was accelerated by irradiating of reactional mixture with microwave energy (1100 W) during 27 seconds, producing a charge transfer complex with a maximum absorption at 535 nm. The optimal reaction conditions values such as reagent concentration, heating time and stability of the reaction product were determined. Beer's law is obeyed in a concentration range from of 1.25x10-4 to 2.00x10-3 mol l-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9993 and molar absorptivity of 0.49 x10³ l mol-1 cm-1. The limit of detection (LOD) was 1.35x10-5 mol l-1 and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 4.49x10-5 mol l-1. In the presence of the common excipients, such as glucose, lactose, talc, starch, magnesium stearate, sodium sulphite, titanium dioxide, polyethyleneglycol, polyvinylpirrolidone, mannitol and benzilic alcohol no interferences were observed. The analytical results obtained by applying the proposed method compare very favorably with those given by the United States Pharmacopeia standard procedure. Recoveries of diclofenac from various pharmaceutical preparations were within 95.9% to 103.3%, with standard deviations ranging from 0.2% to 1.8%.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric Determination of Bismuth(III) with Arsenazo(III) Reagent in Water samples and Veterinary Preparation

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 986-996
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Arsenazo Iii ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Composite Mixture

A simple , sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric method for the trace determination of bismuth (III) has been developed .This method is based on the reaction of bismuth (III) with arsenazo(III) in acid solution (pH=1.9) to form a blue water soluble complex which exhibits maximum absorption at 612nm .Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range of 2-85 ?g bismuth (III) in a final volume of 20 mL( i.e. 0.1 – 4.25?g.mL-1) with a correlation coefficient of (0.9981) and molar absorptivity 1.9×104 L.mol-1.cm-1 . The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) are 0.0633 and 0.0847 ?g.mL-1 , respectively . Under optimum conditions,the stoichiometry of the reaction between bismuth (III) and arsenazo(III) reagent was found to be 1:2. The recoveries were obtained in the range of 98.9 - 100.0% and a relative standard deviation of ±0.59 to ±2.73% depending on the concentration level of bismuth. The effect of interferences by a number of common cations and anions in the presence of composite mixture has been studied .The proposed method has been applied successfully for determination of bismuth in water samples and veterinary preparation .

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determination of methyldopa in pharmaceutical preparation via ion pair formation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1367-1371
Author(s):  
Khalaf F Al Samarrai ◽  
Eman Thiab A Al Samarrai ◽  
Baidaa Adnan Al Samarrai
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Ion Pair ◽  
Pair Formation ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Ion Pair Formation

A simple, rapid and low-cost spectrophotometric method for determination of Methyldopa (MDA) based on ion-pair formation using Bromothymol blue (BTB) as a reagent in alkaline medium (pH 8.7). The absorbance of the green-blue-coloured product is measured at 616 nm. Beer's Law is obeyed at concentration range up to 5-20μg/ml with molar absorptivity 0.8279x104 L/mol.cm. The correlation coefficient, limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.9982, 0.4318 μg/ml and 1.4393 μg/ml respectively. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of Methyldopa in pharmaceutical preparations.

Spectrophotometeric Determination of Trifluoperazine HCL in Pure Forms and Pharmaceutical Preperations

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hamzah Hamzah ◽  
Rawa M M Taqi ◽  
Muna M. Hasan ◽  
Raid J. M. Al-Timimi
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Cerium Ion ◽  
Blank Solution

A simple and accurate spectrophotometric method for the determination of Trifluoperazine HCl in pure and dosage forms was developed. The method is based on the reaction between Trifluoperazine HCl and p-chloroaniline in the presence of cerium ion as oxidizing agent which lead to the formation of violate color product that absorbed at a maximum wavelength 570nm while the blank solution was pink. Under the optimum conditions a linear relationship between the intensity and concentration of TRF in the range 4-50μg/ml was obtained . The molar absorptivity 3.74×103 L.mol-1.cm-1 , Limit of detection (2.21μg/ml), while limit of quantification was 7.39μg/ml. The proposed analytical method was compared with standard method using t-test and F-test , the obtained results shows there is no significant differences between proposed method and standard method. Based on that the proposed method can be used as an alternative method for the determination of TRF in pure and dosage forms.

scholarly journals Perchlorate Levels in Polish Water Samples of Various Origin

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Przemysław Niziński ◽  
Patrycja Wiśniewska ◽  
Joanna Kończyk ◽  
Rajmund Michalski
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Swimming Pool ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Pool Water ◽  
Drinking Waters ◽  
Swimming Pool Water

Perchlorate ion (ClO4−) is known as a potent endocrine disruptor and exposure to this compound can result in serious health issues. It has been found in drinking water, swimming pools, and surface water in many countries, however, its occurrence in the environment is still poorly understood. The information on perchlorate contamination of Polish waters is very limited. The primary objective of this study was to assess ClO4− content in bottled, tap, river, and swimming pool water samples from different regions of Poland and provide some data on the presence of perchlorate. We have examined samples of bottled, river, municipal, and swimming pool water using the IC–CD (ion chromatography–conductivity detection) method. Limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.43 µg/L and 1.42 µg/L, respectively, and they were both above the current health advisory levels in drinking water. The concentration of perchlorate were found to be 3.12 µg/L in one river water sample and from 6.38 to 8.14 µg/L in swimming pool water samples. Importantly, the level of perchlorate was below the limit of detection (LOD) in all bottled water samples. The results have shown that the determined perchlorate contamination in Polish drinking waters seems to be small, nevertheless, further studies are required on surface and river samples. The inexpensive, fast, and sensitive IC–CD method used in this study allowed for a reliable determination of perchlorate in the analyzed samples. To the best of our knowledge, there are no other studies seeking to assess the perchlorate content in Polish waters.

scholarly journals Extraction-Chromogenic System for Cobalt Based on 5-Methyl-4-(2-thiazolylazo) Resorcinol and Benzalkonium Chloride

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Danail G. Georgiev Hristov ◽  
Petya Vassileva Racheva ◽  
Galya Konstantinova Toncheva ◽  
Kiril Blazhev Gavazov
Keyword(s):  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Ion Association ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Sensitivity Limit ◽  
Deprotonated Form ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Ion Associate ◽  
Ph Range

The interaction between CoII and 5-methyl-4-(2-thiazolylazo)-resorcinol (MTAR) was studied in a water-chloroform system, in the presence or absence of benzalkonium chloride (BZC) as a cationic ion-association reagent. The optimum pH, concentration of the reagents and extraction time for the extraction of Co were found. In the presence of BZC, the extracted ion-associate could be represented by the formula (BZ+)[CoIII(MTAR2–)2], where MTAR is in its deprotonated form. The following extraction-spectrophotometric characteristics were determined: absorption maximum, molar absorptivity, Sandell’s sensitivity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, constant of extraction, distribution ratio and fraction extracted. In the absence of BZC, the extraction is incomplete and occurs in a narrow pH range. The extracted chelate contains one deprotonated and one monoprotonated ligand: [CoIII(MTAR2–)(HMTAR–)].

scholarly journals Phenylmethoxybis(tetrazolium) ion-association complexes with an anionic indium(III) — 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol chelate

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodora Stefanova ◽  
Kiril Gavazov
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Ion Association ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Tetrazolium Salt ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium ◽  
Blue Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Molar Absorptivity Coefficient

AbstractComplex formation and liquid-liquid extraction were studied in systems containing indium(III), 4-(2-pyridylazo)resorcinol (PAR), phenylmethoxybis(tetrazolium) salt (MBT), water and chloroform. The following MBTs, which differ only by the number of -NO2 groups in their cationic parts, were used: 3,3′-(3,3′-dimetoxy-4,4′-biphenylene)bis(2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride) (Blue Tetrazolium chloride, BT), 3,3′-(3,3′-dimetoxy-4,4′-biphenylene)bis[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride] (Nitro Blue Tetrazolium chloride, NBT) and 3,3′-(3,3′-dimetoxy-4,4′-biphenylene)bis[2,5-di(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium chloride] (Tetranitro Blue Tetrazolium chloride, TNBT). The composition of the formed ternary complexes was determined, In:PAR:MBT=1:2:2, and the optimum conditions for their extraction found: pH, shaking time, concentration of the reagents and the sequence of their addition. Some key constants were estimated: constants of extraction (Kex), constants of association (β) and constants of distribution (KD). BT appears to be the best MBT for extraction of the In(III)-PAR species, [In3+(OH)3(PAR)2]4−, (Log Kex=10.9, Log β=9.8, Log KD=1.12, R%=92.7%). Several additional characteristics concerning its application as extraction-spectrophotometric reagent were calculated: limit of detection (LOD = 0.12 µg cm−3), limit of quantification (LOD = 0.40 µg cm−3) and Sandell’s sensitivity (SS =1.58 ng cm−2); Beer’s law is obeyed for In(III) concentrations up to 3.2 µg mL−1 with a molar absorptivity coefficient of 7.3×104 L mol−1 cm−1 at λmax=515 nm.

scholarly journals A simple AuNPs-based colorimetric aptasensor for chlorpyrifos detection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Taotao Li ◽  
Gaojian Yang ◽  
Yan Deng ◽  
Xianbo Mou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticide ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Free Gold ◽  
Dissociation Constant Kd ◽  
Colorimetric Aptasensor

Abstract Background Chlorpyrifos (Chl) is an organophosphorus pesticide, which has toxicity to environment, animals and human beings. To overcome the shortages of traditional detection methods of small molecular, this study aimed to develop a sensitive, simple, low cost and on-site rapid method for Chl analysis and detection. Thus, we developed a simple label-free gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) based colorimetric biosensor aptasensor for Chl detection using an aptamer as the caputure probe. Results The Chl-aptamer with low dissociation constant (Kd) of 58.59 ± 6.08 (nM) was selected by ssDNA library immobilized systematic evolution of ligands by enrichment (SELEX). In the absence of Chl, the Chl-aptamer acted as the stabilizer for AuNPs in salt solution. In the presence of Chl, the highly specific Chl-aptamer bound with Chl targets immediately thus a self-aggregation of AuNPs induced by salt was displayed. The fabricated colorimetric aptasensor exhibited an excellent sensitivity for Chl detection with the limit of detection as low as 14.46 nM. In addition, the aptasensor was applied to test Chl in tap water, cucumber and cabbage samples, which showed satisfying results with excellent recovery values between 96.2% and 105.6% and acceptable RSD values below 5%. Conclusions The developed colorimetric aptasensor can serve as a promising candidate for Chl detection in the area of biosensors, which also showed a great potential in simple, cheap and rapid detection of Chl.

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