scholarly journals Plasma digoxin levels and ejection fraction in pediatric heart failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 322
Author(s):  
Nafrialdi Nafrialdi ◽  
Sake Juli Martina ◽  
Mulyadi Djer ◽  
Melva Louisa
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Therapeutic Range ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Therapeutic Level ◽  
Digoxin Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plasma Digoxin ◽  
Pediatric Heart Failure ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Fractional Shortening

Background Digoxin has long been prescribed in children with heartfailure, but its efficacy has not been evaluated. A previous study atthe Department of Child Health, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospitalrevealed that plasma digoxin levels, following a maintenance doseof 15 μg/kg/d, were sub-therapeutic. Regarding its narrow margin ofsafety, the trend is to use digoxin in even lower dose. Thus, the drug’simpact on cardiac performance need to be evaluated.Objective To evaluate whether a lower maintenance dose of digoxin(10 μg/kg/d) is sufficient to achieve a therapeutic level and to assess forpossible correlations between plasma digoxin level and left ventricularejection fraction (LVEF) as well as fractional shortening (LVFS).Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 20 pediatricheart failure patients at the Department of Child Health, Dr. CiptoMangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, from January to May 2012. Plasmadigoxin levels were measured by ELISA method after one month ormore of treatment; LVEF and LVFS were measured by echocardiography.Correlations between plasma digoxin level and LVEF or LVFSwere analyzed by Spearman’s correlation test. The LVEF before andafter digoxin treatment were compared by paired T-test.Results Thirteen out of 20 patients had plasma digoxinlevels within therapeutic range (0.5-1.5 ng/mL; 95%CI0.599 to 0.898) and 7 had sub-therapeutic levels (<0.5 ng/mL; 95%CI 0.252 to 0.417). No significant correlationswere observed between plasma digoxin level and LVEF(r=-0.085; P=0.722) or LVFS (r=-0.105; P=0.659). There was asignificant increase in LVEF before [42.18 (SD 14.15)%] and afterdigoxin treatment [57.52 (SD 11.09)%], (P < 0.0001).Conclusion Most patients in this study have plasma digoxin levelswithin therapeutic range. There are no significant correlationsbetween plasma digoxin level at the time point of measurementand LVEF or LVFS. However, an increase of LVEF is observed inevery individual patients following digoxin treatment.

scholarly journals Use of a child health surveillance instrument focusing on growth. A cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-547
Author(s):  
Erika Morganna Neves de Araujo ◽  
Marcia Teles de Oliveira Gouveia ◽  
Dixis Figueroa Pedraza
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Health Surveillance

scholarly journals Prevalence and quality of life in high school pupils with acne in Serbia

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 935-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Peric ◽  
Natasa Maksimovic ◽  
Janko Jankovic ◽  
Biljana Mijovic ◽  
Vesna Reljic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
High School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Serbian Version ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Background/Aim. Acne is a common problem in adolescent children with considerable emotional and psychological effects. The aim of this study was to determine the self-reported prevalence of acne and to assess its impact on the quality of life in high school pupils in Serbia. Methods. The cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2011 in two medical high schools in Serbia. Only pupils who gave a written informed consent to participate in the study (n = 440) were asked to fill in two questionnaires: short demographic questionnaire and Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI), a disease-specific questionnaire measuring disability induced by acne. Internal consistency (tested by Cronbach?s alpha) and item-total score correlations (Spearman's correlation analysis) were used for reliability analyses. Results. The study population consisted of 440 pupils, 281 from Belgrade and 159 from Uzice. Among them 371 (84.3%) were girls and 69 (15.7%) boys, with similar sex distribution in Belgrade and Uzice. The total mean age of pupils was 16.48 years (SD = 0.55). Out of 440 pupils 228 (51.8%) self-reported their acne. The acne prevalence was significantly higher in pupils from Uzice (73.6%) than in those from Belgrade (39.6%). The overall mean CADI score for the whole sample was 2.87 ? 2.74, with the similar quality of life impairment in adolescents from Belgrade and from Uzice. The mean Cronbach?s alpha was 0.82. Conclusion. This study shows that the quality of life impairment due to acne is mild for the majority of the affected pupils. The Serbian version of the CADI is a reliable, valid, and valuable tool for assessing the impact of acne on the quality of life.

scholarly journals The coverage of continuum of care in maternal, newborn and child health: a cross-sectional study of woman-child pairs in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. e000786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Shibanuma ◽  
Francis Yeji ◽  
Sumiyo Okawa ◽  
Emmanuel Mahama ◽  
Kimiyo Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Continuum Of Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Newborn And Child Health ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
The Continuum

IntroductionThe continuum of care has recently received attention in maternal, newborn and child health. It can be an effective policy framework to ensure that every woman and child receives timely and appropriate services throughout the continuum. However, a commonly used measurement does not evaluate if a pair of woman and child complies with the continuum of care. This study assessed the continuum of care based on two measurements: continuous visits to health facilities (measurement 1) and receiving key components of services (measurement 2). It also explored individual-level and area-level factors associated with the continuum of care achievement and then investigated how the continuum of care differed across areas.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study in Ghana in 2013, the continuum of care achievement and other characteristics of 1401 pairs of randomly selected women and children were collected. Multilevel logistic regression was used to estimate the factors associated with the continuum of care and its divergence across 22 areas.ResultsThroughout the pregnancy, delivery and post-delivery stages, 7.9% of women and children achieved the continuum of care through continuous visits to health facilities (measurement 1). Meanwhile, 10.3% achieved the continuum of care by receiving all key components of maternal, newborn and child health services (measurement 2). Only 1.8% of them achieved it under both measurements. Women and children from wealthier households were more likely to achieve the continuum of care under both measurements. Women’s education and complications were associated with higher continuum of care services-based achievement. Variance of a random intercept was larger in the continuum of care services-based model than the visit-based model.ConclusionsMost women and children failed to achieve the continuum of care in maternal, newborn and child health. Those who consistently visited health facilities did not necessarily receive key components of services.

scholarly journals Increased Interleukin-6 as Infl ammatory Response and Magnesium Defi ciency in Pre-dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease of Indonesian Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Astrid Kristina Kardani ◽  
Ninik Asmaningsih Soemyarso ◽  
Jusli Aras Aras ◽  
Risky Vitria Prasetyo ◽  
Mohammad Sjaifullah Noer
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious health problem in children, with increasing morbidity and mortality rates throughout the world. Children with CKD tend to experience magnesium (Mg) defi ciency that can stimulate an infl ammatory response in the body. One of the infl ammatory responses is an increase of Interleukin-6 (IL-6).  Study to analyze the correlation between Mg and IL-6 in pre-dialysis CKD children. The methods a cross sectional study was conducted in Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital from November 2018 to April 2019. Children with pre-dialyis CKD were included in this study. Variables of serum Mg level (mg/dL) and infl ammatory marker (IL-6) were measured from the blood and analyzed by ELISA method. The correlation between Mg and IL-6 was analyzed with Spearman’s correlation test with p <0.05.  Result a total of 47 children (27 boys vs 20 girls) between 3 months to 18 years old, with pre-dialysis CKD and no history of magnesium supplementation were included. The primary disease that causes of CKD were lupus nephritis (38.3%), nephrotic syndrome (23.4%), urologic disorder (23.4%),  tubulopathy (10.6%) and others (4.3%). The average IL-6 level was 55.42±43.04 pg/dL and Mg level was 2.06±1.54 mg/dL. There were no signifi cant correlation between IL-6 level and Mg level with staging of CKD and duration of illness (p>0.05), but there was a signifi cant correlation between serum Mg level and IL-6 level (r=-0.748; p<0.001). Magnesium levels have a signifi cant inverse correlation with IL-6 levels in pre-dialysis CKD children. The lower the Mg levels in the blood, the higher IL-6 levels and vice versa. 

scholarly journals Effect of caregiver characteristics on dementia management strategies

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Dalpai ◽  
Ramon Castro Reis ◽  
Analuiza Camozzato de Pádua
Keyword(s):  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Correlation Tests ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Moderate Positive Correlation

ABSTRACT Caregiving has an important influence on the prognosis of dementia, particularly regarding the management strategy implemented. Therefore, evaluating which characteristics of caregivers can influence the choice of a particular strategy for managing dementia is needed. Objective: To evaluate the association between characteristics of caregivers and their management strategies as applied to patients with dementia. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 45 professional caregivers from two nursing homes in Porto Alegre, Brazil, was conducted. Age, gender, education, years as a caregiver, income, burden, depressive and anxiety symptoms and dementia management strategies were evaluated for all participants. Pearson's or Spearman's correlation tests were applied according to the variable distribution (parametric or non-parametric). Bivariate correlation analysis was applied. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a significant and moderate positive correlation between burden measured by the Zarit Burden Interview and criticism measured by the Dementia Management Strategies Scale (Spearman's rho = 0.555, p < 0.001). No other correlations were observed. Conclusion: Among the caregiver characteristics that directly affect the approach to managing dementia, high caregiver burden was found to be associated with high criticism, an authoritative way of managing dementia. This exploratory study indicated that a possible way of decreasing negative dementia management is to reduce caregiver burden.

scholarly journals Men’s knowledge and awareness of maternal, neonatal and child health care in rural Bangladesh: a comparative cross sectional study

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashima E Nasreen ◽  
Margaret Leppard ◽  
Mahfuz Al Mamun ◽  
Masuma Billah ◽  
Sabuj Kanti Mistry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Child Health Care ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Men’S Knowledge ◽  
And Child Health

scholarly journals STUDY OF GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE ENZYME AND ISOPROSTANE ON PREECLAMPSIA WITH NIFEDIPINE, METHYLDOPA, AND MAGNESIUM SULFATE THERAPY

2019 ◽  
pp. 163-166
Author(s):  
LINA LUKITASARI ◽  
ADITIAWARMAN ADITIAWARMAN ◽  
MASYHUDI MASYHUDI ◽  
SITI KHAERUNNISA ◽  
SUHARTATI SUHARTATI
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Drug Target ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dehydrogenase Enzyme ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Objective: The objective of this research is to measure erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme activity and isoprostane andto correlate enzyme activity of G6PD with proteinuria and isoprostane in pregnant with proteinuria after the administration of nifedipine, methyldopa,and magnesium sulfate.Methods: This cross-sectional study was held in Soewandi Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. This study used total sampling as much as 30pregnant women with proteinuria who got nifedipine, methyldopa, and magnesium sulfate administration, age ranged from 17 to 48 years during theirthird trimester (>20 weeks). G6PD enzyme activity was measured from plasma by spectrophotometric method; plasma isoprostane was measuredby competitive-ELISA method; and proteinuria urine spot was analyzed by urine dipstick from standardized laboratory of the hospital. Statisticalanalysis used in this study was Spearman’s correlation coefficient.Results: In this research, the effect of proteinuria +1 (OR=0.056) is lower than proteinuria +3 level on the presence of high G6PD enzyme activity,and proteinuria +2 (OR=0.933) is lower than proteinuria +3 level on the presence of high G6PD enzyme activity in pregnant women with proteinuria.G6PD enzyme was positively correlated (p=0.08) with proteinuria, and the connection was statistically significant. There was no significant statisticcorrelation between G6PD enzyme activity and isoprostane concentration (p=0.797).Conclusion: This study found correlations between the enzyme activity of G6PD and proteinuria as the marker of renal damage in pre-eclampsia (PE)with the administration of nifedipine, methyldopa, and magnesium sulfate. However, it had no correlation with isoprostane as the marker of oxidativestress. This study suggests that there should be a concern about understanding the pathophysiology of proteinuria for possibility of drug target forindividuals with PE.

scholarly journals Costs and effects of conventional vision screening and photoscreening in the Dutch preventive child health care system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina P B Van der Ploeg ◽  
Manon Grevinga ◽  
Iris Eekhout ◽  
Eline Vlasblom ◽  
Caren I Lanting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Child Health Care ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Preventive Child Health Care

Abstract Background Little is known about costs and effects of vision screening strategies to detect amblyopia. Aim of this study was to compare costs and effects of conventional (optotype) vision screening, photoscreening or a combination in children aged 3–6 years. Methods Population-based, cross-sectional study in preventive child health care in The Hague. Children aged 3 years (3y), 3 years and 9 months (3y9m) or 5–6 years (5/6y) received the conventional chart vision screening and a test with a photoscreener (Plusoptix S12C). Costs were based on test duration and additional costs for devices and diagnostic work-up. Results Two thousand, one hundred and forty-four children were included. The estimated costs per child screened were €17.44, €20.37 and €6.90 for conventional vision screening at 3y, 3y9m and 5/6y, respectively. For photoscreening, these estimates were €6.61, €7.52 and €9.40 and for photoscreening followed by vision screening if the result was unclear (combination) €9.32 (3y) and €9.33 (3y9m). The number of children detected with amblyopia by age were 9, 14 and 5 (conventional screening), 6, 13 and 3 (photoscreening) and 10 (3y) and 15 (3y9m) (combination), respectively. The estimated costs per child diagnosed with amblyopia were €1500, €1050 and €860 for conventional vision screening, €860, €420 and €1940 for photoscreening and €730 (3y) and €450 (3y9m) for the combination. Conclusions Combining photoscreening with vision screening seems promising to detect amblyopia in children aged 3y/3y9m, whereas conventional screening seems preferable at 5/6y. As the number of study children with amblyopia is small, further research on the effects of these screening alternatives in detecting children with amblyopia is recommended.

The Enhanced Maternal and Child Health nursing program in Victoria: a cross-sectional study of clinical practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Catina Adams ◽  
Leesa Hooker ◽  
Angela Taft
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Outcome Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vulnerable Families ◽  
And Child Health

The Maternal and Child Health (MCH) service in Victoria comprises a universal service, an enhanced program providing additional support for vulnerable families (EMCH) and a 24-h MCH telephone line. There is anecdotal evidence of variation in EMCH programs between Local Government Areas, and this study aims to explore the variation in EMCH programs to inform future EMCH policy and practice. An online survey was sent to MCH coordinators in Victoria in December 2016 (n = 79), with a response rate of 70% (55/79). Quantitative data have been analysed using descriptive statistics, with open-ended questions examined using content analysis. The data confirms that EMCH programs vary significantly across the state. Differences include a variation in referral and intake criteria, different models of service and modes of delivery, differences in EMCH nurse working conditions, issues with data collection and a lack of systematic clinical tools. Variation in the EMCH program is greatest between urban and rural services and between advantaged and disadvantaged urban councils. Lack of consistent service delivery and data collection impairs program evaluation, including outcome measurement and evidence of program effectiveness.

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