scholarly journals Reviews of the Regions of the Russian Empire as a Historical Source on the History of Education (on the Example of the Regions of the Steppe Territory and Turkestan)

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
M.V. Rygalova
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Region Matching ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Auxiliary Source

Reviews of the provinces and regions of the Russian Empire (appendices to the reports of governors) are a comprehensive source on the history of the regions. As the official statistical publication, the reviews are controversially assessed by historians for the reliability of the data. However, comparisons with other sources, as well as critical analysis, allow researchers to view the survey as a representative source. The article analyzes the source potential of reviews as a source on the history of the development of education in the outskirts territories of the Russian Empire. The characteristics of the information contained in the source on the development of education are given. As a result of working with the source, a set of issues in the field of education development that should be considered using the survey data as an independent or auxiliary source (quantitative growth of educational institutions, students, development of the network of educational institutions, its structure, features). The requirements for the structure of gubernatorial reports and their appendices were established at the beginning of the 19th century. However, the structure of reviews and the information presented in them differs significantly depending on the year or region. Matching of the information with other sections of the source and the historical context of the period under review allow us to conclude that the reviews in the education section are highly informative.

Czechs and Slovaks in the Russian Empire (last third of the 19th century – early 20th century)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena P. Serapionova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Official Policy ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The book deals with the historical contacts of Czech, Slovak and Russian peoples, the beginning of mass Czech and Slovak relocation to Russia, Russian official policy towards settlers. The author marks the main centers of their residence, pauses in detail on public organizations created by them, ties with the historical homeland, their participation in the Slavic movement. Special attention is paid to the prominent representatives of the compatriots. The monograph analyzes the social, professional composition of the Czech and Slovak diasporas, evaluates their contribution to the economic and cultural development of Russia. It is based on documents published and identified in the archives of Russia, Czech and Slovak republics, printing masters, memories and literature on the topic. The book is intended for specialists in the history of Russia, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, as well as all those interested in the ties of the peoples of the three countries.

On the history of the title and surname inheritance of Counts Perovsky by Mikhail Mikhailovich Petrovo-Solovovo in 1907: legal norms and archival reconstruction of circumstances

2019 ◽  
pp. 250-259
Author(s):  
Kseniia Donik
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Transfer Process ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Local History ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

We highlight unknown circumstances of the title and surname transfer of Counts Perovsky to M.M. Petrovo-Solovovo – a statesman, a representative of an ancient aristocratic family who owned an estate in the Kirsanovsky County of the Tambov Governorate on the basis of new archive sources that were not previously introduced into scientific circulation. In various local history interpretations, modern periodicals that somehow transmit a historical narrative about the last owner of the Karay-Saltykovsky estate, there is a wide variety of versions of how M.M. Petrovo-Solovovo became Count Perovsky (mainly the title inheritance from mother is men-tioned). The purpose of this study is a detailed reconstruction of the titled surname Perovsky transfer in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the twentieth century. Methodologically the study is based on historiographic criticism of documents and analysis of legislation on noble surnames based on the data of genealogical studies of different years. We pay special attention to the historical context of the analyzed events. We prove that the transfer initiative came from M.M. Petrovo-Solovovo’s aunt – maid of honor of the Empress, Countess V.B. Perovskaya, who, having previously secured the permission of the emperor, was able to begin the formal transfer process, although under the law as a female person she did not have such rights. We introduce new information both in Russian genealogical historiography as a whole, and in the history of the Petrovo-Solovovo clan and Tambov’s local history in particular.

scholarly journals The influence of the Italian vocal school on the professional formation of Ukrainian singers (the end of the XVIII – the beginning of the XIX century)

2021 ◽  
pp. 219-225
Author(s):  
Maryna Rossikhina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
New Era ◽  
Italian Opera ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Opera Singers ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

The purpose of the article is to study the influences of the Italian vocal school, the traditions of Italian opera performance on the professional development of Ukrainian singers in this period. Methodology. Analysis was carried out on the basis of such methods as historical and chronological to study trends and patterns of Ukrainian music at the end of the 17th – the beginning of the 19th century, analytical – for a comprehensive consideration of the influence of Italian culture on the emergence of opera in East Slavic areas, source – for elaboration and analysis of sources, bio-bibliographic – for studying creative biographies of artists, the method of systematization – for the reduction of all found facts to a logical unity. Scientific novelty. By studying the creative biographies of prominent Ukrainian musicians (M.Berezovsky, D.Bortnyansky, M.Ivanov, S.Gulak-Artemovsky) for the first time the Italian pages of their creative biography were systematized, new facts were introduced into scientific circulation, which allow to clarify the contribution of Italian vocal culture in the development of the Ukrainian opera school at the initial stage of its formation. Conclusions. The interest of the Russian Empire in Western European, especially Italian, opera led to the rapid development of a new era in the history of musical theater in the East Slavic territories. Internships of Ukrainian musicians in Italy, invitations of Italian artists, composers, vocal teachers to the Russian Empire, joint performances on stage with foreign singers give grounds to assert the influence of the Italian vocal school on the skills of Ukrainian opera singers of the end of the 18th – the beginning of the 19th century and laying of the fundamental foundations for the development of the Ukrainian vocal school.

scholarly journals Alphabetical Lists of Confirmed and Ascribed Nobles of the Ufa and Orenburg Gubernias of the Russian Empire as a Historical source: The Second Half of the 19th – Early 20th Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 627-639
Author(s):  
Albina Ya. Ilyasova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Historical Source ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Family ◽  
Plain Paper ◽  
Source Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article presents the results of the source studies analyses of the alphabetical lists of confirmed and ascribed nobles of the Ufa and Orenburg gubernias from the Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA). Imperially approved opinion of the State Council of the Russian Empire (January 2, 1861) ordered national noble assemblies to send annually to the Department of Heraldry of the Governing Senate “alphabetical lists of noble families during the year confirmed in their nobility by the Governing Senate” and “similar lists of those families, to which, in the course of the year, were attached some individuals.” Most of these lists are preserved in the materials of the “Third Department of the Senate” fond of the Russian State Historical Archive. The archives holds original copies of 39 reports and 65 lists, including 28 lists of confirmed nobles, and 37 — of ascribed, which were sent to the to the Department of Heraldry of the Governing Senate by the Orenburg Noble Assembly in 1862-1917; and 48 reports and 89 lists, including 41 of confirmed nobles and 48 — of ascribed, which were sent to the Department of Heraldry by the Ufa Noble Assembly in 1866-1917. These documents are written on plain paper on both sides of the sheet sized 22.2 (width) * 35.4 (height) cm. Most are handwritten. Reports of the Ufa Noble Assembly became typewritten from 1899 on, those of the Noble Orenburg Assembly — since 1911; lists of Ufa Noble Assembly became typewritten from 1897 on, of the Orenburg Noble Assembly — from 1908 on. The lists have a title page. Information about the nobles is given in tabular form. A list of confirmed nobles contains the following information: surname, name, patronymic of the person confirmed in hereditary nobility; date of the resolution of the Noble Assembly on declaring them a noble; part of the genealogical book, in which that person was entered; the date of receipt of documents for consideration in the Department of Heraldry; date and number of the confirming decree of Department of the Heraldry. The list of ascribed nobles includes such data as: surname, name, patronymic of the person added to the nobility; the date of the resolution of the Noble Assembly to ascribe the person to a noble family, confirmed by the Department of Heraldry; name, date, and document number(s) on the basis of which they were ascribed; part of the genealogical book, in which the family was entered; date and number of the decree of the Department of Heraldry of the Governing Senate confirming the family to rank among the nobility. The list was to be certified by signatures of the gubernia marshal of nobility, or those acting in that position, and by the secretary of the Noble Assembly. The list was not sealed. These documents are unique and quite valuable written sources on the history of the Russian nobility.

scholarly journals The question of the teaching of God's Law in the Journals and Minutes of the Presidium of the Supreme Court

2019 ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Владислав Иванович Пшибышевский
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Of God ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

Предмет «Закон Божий» являлся один из самых главных предметов в низших и средних учебных заведениях Российской империи на протяжении двух веков. Под влиянием предмета, дающего знания о Боге, предмета важного не только в образовательном, но и в воспитательном значении, выросло не одно поколение православного населения России. Изучение этого предмета было обязательным для всех детей, принявших Святое Крещение в Православной Церкви. Закону Божию обучали и на дому, но главным местом, где ребёнок мог впитать религиозные знания, была школа. Преподавали Закон Божий в основном священники, а должность их называлась «законоучитель». Законоучитель наравне с другими преподавателями пользовался всеми правами государственной службы. К концу XIX века появились проблемы, связанные с процессом преподавания Закона Божия, в отношении предмета учебные программы устарели, в отношении законоучителей появлялись, в силу определённых обстоятельств, неоднократные случаи нерадивого отношения к своему делу, в отношении самих учащихся было зафиксировано большое количество случаев активных выступлений против изучения Закона Божия. Все вышеперечисленные проблемы пытались решить в свете церковных реформ начала прошлого столетия. Данная статья посвящена вопросу преподавания Закона Божия в работе Высочайше учреждённого Предсоборного Присутствия. В исследовании рассмотрено место предмета «Закон Божий» в заседаниях данного органа, заинтересованность им членами Присутствия, предложения по улучшению качества преподавания столь важного предмета и его сохранению в списке обязательных предметов в учебных заведениях Российской империи. The subject of the Law of God was one of the most important subjects in the lower and secondary schools of the Russian Empire for two centuries. It was a subject which gave knowledge of God, a subject important not only in its educational, but also in its educational meaning, and under the influence of which several generations of the Orthodox population of Russia grew up. The study of this subject was obligatory for all children who received holy Baptism in the Orthodox Church. The Law of God was also taught at home, but the main place where a child could absorb religious knowledge was in school. The Law of God was taught mainly by priests, and their post was called a teacher of the law. The teacher of the law enjoyed all the rights of public service on an equal footing with other teachers. By the end of the 19th century, problems associated with the process of teaching the Law of God had appeared, the syllabus for the subject was out of date, there were repeated cases of negligence on the part of the teachers, and there were many cases of active protests against the teaching of God's Law by the students themselves. All the above-mentioned problems tried to be solved in the light of the church reforms of the beginning of the last century. This article is devoted to the question of teaching God's Law in the work of the Presidium of the Most High Council. The research examines the place of God's Law subject at the meetings of this body, the interest of the Presence members in it, the suggestions to improve the quality of teaching such an important subject and its preservation in the list of obligatory subjects in the educational institutions of the Russian Empire.

Libraries of Educations Institutions in Russia in the First Half of 19th Century

2010 ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Elena A. Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
School Libraries ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century

Libraries are the integral part of cultural history of Russia. Widespread opening of school libraries in the Russian Empire began in the early 19th century. They began opening school libraries across Russia in the beginning of the 19th century. The paper aims to show the formation and development of libraries in educational institutions of Russia in the first half of the 19th century. The research is based on legislative documents regulating the functions of activity of school libraries and archival materials on the Russian history of the 19th century.

scholarly journals Higher educational institutions of the Belarusian­Lithuanian provinces in the system of scientific certification and training of scientific personnel of the Russian Empire (XIX – early XX centuries)

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-306
Author(s):  
N. Ya. Novik
Keyword(s):  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Scientific Personnel ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The system of scientific certification, which was gradually formed in the Russian Empire in the first half of the 19th century, included higher educational institutions on the territory of the Belarusian­Lithuanian provinces: Vilnia University, Vilnia Medical and Surgical Academy, Polatsk Jesuit Academy, Vilnia Roman Catholic Academy. The training of scientific personnel in the natural sciences and humanities was the responsibility of the professorial colleges of these educational institutions, each of which was an independent certification center. The activities of these educational institutions within the framework of the system of scientific certification assumed the existence of a hierarchy of academic degrees, the composition of which was actually reduced to the following scheme: “candidate” – “master” – “doctor of sciences”. The most representative on the scientific and pedagogical weight and the number of professors and teachers was Vilnia University. The practice of defending of the dissertations by specialists from internal Russian provinces and from abroad in it evidenced of the high recognition of Vilna University. Vilnia University and the Vilnia Medical and Surgical Academy were well­known centers for the training of scientific personnel in the field of medical sciences. Under the academic jurisdiction of the Vilnia University, as well as the Polatsk Jesuit Academy, Vilna Roman Catholic Academy was theology. A significant contribution to the training of scientific personnel, the creation of new areas of agricultural science was made by the Hory­Horki Agricultural Institute, although it was not an independent center of scientific certification. After the closing of this institute, there were no higher educational institutions in Belarus capable of training specialists for scientific research, but at the beginning of the 20th century. a certain role in the formation of personnel in the field of special historical disciplines was played by the Vitsebsk branch of the Moscow Archaeological Institute.

scholarly journals Legal bases of activity of adjutants of a separate corps of gendarmes of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century – the early 20th century

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Gennadiy G. Bril’ ◽  
Leonid N. Zaytsev
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The work highlights the activities of adjutants of the political police, their place and role in the work of the gendarmerie apparatus of the Russian Empire. The source base of the research was made up of archival documents and materials, memoirs of the employees of the Kostroma provincial gendarmerie department, rotmistrov A.M. Polyakov and V.V. Parfyonov. The authors have studied the legal framework governing the activities of adjutants of a separate corps of gendarmes, the directions of their activities, as well as their place and role in the structure of the security body. The article studies the historical and legal foundations of the creation, development and functioning of the institute of adjutant of a separate corps of gendarmes on the territory of the Russian Empire, and their main directions. Conclusions are drawn about the formation and development of a separate corps of gendarmes of the Russian Empire, as well as the special role of its adjutants in the field of external and internal security. The continuity and significance of law enforcement agencies in the historical context is emphasised.

scholarly journals City schools and teacher training institutes of the Russian Empire: from project to implementation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р.Р. Исхакова
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
City Schools

Вторая половина 19 в. – время активного формирования системы начального и среднего образования для всех без исключения социальных слоев населения. Актуальность статьи заключается в исследовании парадигмы развития так называемой городской системы образования, форм и методов обучения городского населения Российской империи. Выявлено, что система образования для населения промышленно развитых городов была задумана по образцу аналогичного прусского опыт, однако под влиянием целого ряда обстоятельств, исследованных в статье, трансформировалась в эффективную модель связанных между собой учебных заведений: городские училища – учительские институты. Проанализированы основные принципы вновь образованной системы образования: организационные основы, постановка учебного процесса. Сделаны выводы о социальном значении этой системы образования, ее месте в образовательном пространстве дореволюционной России. The second half of the 19th century was the time of active formation of the primary and secondary education system for all social strata of the population without exception. The relevance of the article lies in the study of the paradigm of the development of the so-called urban education system, forms and methods of teaching the urban population of the Russian Empire. It is revealed that the education system for the population of industrially developed cities was conceived on the model of a similar Prussian experience, however, under the influence of a number of circumstances investigated in the article, it was transformed into an effective model of interconnected educational institutions: urban schools – teachers' institutes. The basic principles of the newly formed education system are analyzed: organizational foundations, the formulation of the educational process. Conclusions are drawn about the social significance of this education system, its place in the educational space of pre-revolutionary Russia.

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