COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PLANT RAW MATERIAL IRIS SIBIRICA L.

Species of the genus Iris in the scientific literature, recognized as rich sources of secondary metabolites. However, in chemical terms, Iris sibirica L. is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is a comparative analysis of the chemical composition of plant material of Iris sibirica L. to optimize the timing of collection in the conditions of Altai region.The object used samples of leaves and rhizomes and roots of I. sibirica varieties Cambridge and Sterkh variety, harvested in the vicinity of the city of Novoaltaisk.As a result of these tests the ash content from I. sibirica spring collection 1,3 times more than in autumn. The method of emission spectrometry revealed the presence of 26 elements. Of them macro – 4, microelements and ultramicroelements 8 – 14. Regardless of the variety of plant organs as observed the accumulation of Al. In a raw spring collection piling up Ba and Zn, and in the fall of Sr and Mn. In the studied samples I. sibirica cultivars Siberian crane Cambridge and the concentration of Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr and As exceeded the permissible level for dietary Supplements and tea on plant-basedWith the aim of obtaining flavonoids plant I. sibirica better harvest in the spring, and for optimal coumarins is the autumn collection. Tannins more is accumulated in the rhizomes with roots, and triterpenoid glycosides in the grass. The yield of essential oil from I. sibirica depends on weather conditions of vegetation period, time of procurement of raw materials and on plants and can be increased by 2–3 times.The study of element distribution and synthesized biologically active substances in the process of development of I. sibirica cultivars Siberian crane and Cambridge during the vegetation period has allowed to identify the vegetative phase with maximum accumulation, and organs of plants, accumulation of these biologically active substances.

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LEVISTICUM OFFICINALE (F. APIACEAE): HABITAT, BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (REVIEW)

"Medical & pharmaceutical journal "Pulse" ◽

10.26787/nydha-2686-6838-2021-23-9-67-75 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 67-75

Author(s):

Kubasova E.D. ◽

Korelskaya G.V. ◽

Kubasov R.V.

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Universal System ◽

Plant Raw Materials ◽

Active Substances

The Medicinal Lovage (Levisticum Officinale) grows almost everywhere. In order to use Levisticum Officinale in economic needs, including in medicine, a number of countries are specially engaged in its cultivation. The analysis of the scientific literature revealed a large number of publications confirming the diverse chemical spectrum of rhizomes, roots and herbs of the medicinal lovage. In this regard, it is used as a medicinal raw material and is included in a number of European Pharmacopoeias. For medical purposes, all parts of this plant that contain biologically active substances can be used. Levisticum officinale contains various phytochemical compounds and secondary metabolites – terpenoids, flavonoids, essential oils, phthalides, polyacetylenes, coumarins, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic acids, polyacetylenes. All of them have properties that can have a therapeutic effect on the organism. The composition of essential oils of Levisticum Officinale is the most studied. It is mainly represented by monoterpene hydrocarbons, sexwiterpenes and phthalides. There are some differences in the chemical composition of Levisticum Officinale. Most scientists agree that such a discrepancy may be related to the period and process of harvesting plant raw materials, age, genotype of the plant, climatic conditions and place of growth, as well as the method of extraction and the method of identification and quantitative determination of biologically active substances. Therefore, there is a problem of a single universal system of preparation and further use of raw materials. The development of modern methods for analyzing the raw materials of lovage and the study of its chemical composition creates prerequisites for expanding its use as a medicinal plant.

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THE ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION STUDY OF PLANTS IN THE SIBERIAN FLORA (ALFREDIA CERNUA AND FILI-PENDULA ULMARIA), EXTRACTS AND FRACTIONS TO CREATE DRUGS BASED ON THEM

chemistry of plant raw material ◽

10.14258/jcprm.2019035355 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 205-216

Author(s):

Vladimir Il'ich Otmahov ◽

Inessa Vladimirovna Shilova ◽

Elena Vasil'yevna Petrova ◽

Anastasiya Alekseyevna Loginova ◽

Evgeniya Sergeyevna Rabtsevich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elemental Composition ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Atomic Emission ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Herbal Remedies ◽

Emission Spectrometry ◽

Analytical Control ◽

Active Substances

Using the methods of arc atomic emission spectrometry (AAES), atomic emission flame photometry (AEFP), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), the elemental composition of the aerial part of widely used in medical practice Alfredia cernua and Filipendula ulmaria, extracts and fractions obtained from them, is investigated. It was shown that not only biologically active substances, but also mineral elements are extracted by extractants, which may be due both to the formation of complexes with biologically active substances and affinity for extractants. Therefore, the elemental composition must be considered as an important component of plant extracts and medicinal products obtained from them. Simultaneously with biologically active substances in ethanol extracts there is an accumulation of not only biogenic, but also toxic elements, which degree of extraction is often higher. It increases even more during the transition from periodic to countercurrent extraction, which allows to obtain extracts with the highest yield of biologically active substances. Since the enriched extract is directly used to obtain the dosage form, a preliminary elemental analysis is necessary. Analytical control of the content of TM is also necessary when choosing the place of growth of plants raw materials, which are used to create medicinal herbal remedies.

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Scientific substantiation and the release of saponins from plant raw material for food and cosmetic cream technology

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i2.13.12687 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2.13) ◽

pp. 297

Author(s):

Svetlana N. Butova ◽

Vera A. Salnikova ◽

Lyudmila A. Ivanova ◽

Irina D. Schegoleva ◽

Lyudmila A. Churmasova

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Scientific Work ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

State University ◽

Secondary Products ◽

Vegetable Raw Materials ◽

Active Substances

The article presents the results of author scientific research dealing with the use of saponins, biologically active substances in food and cosmetics technology. The problems of their formation in plants, the chemical nature and the features are considered, biological and physico-chemical properties of saponins are studied. By their nature, saponins are divided into steroid and triterpene, differing by glycoside part of a molecule, thus, with different biological and chemical properties, but they are all capable to develop foam in aqueous solutions, and this feature is the origin of their name. The name originated from the word «Sapo», which means soap. It should be noted that at present saponins are not studied fully as other biologically active substances (BAS), although they are of interest and relevance. In the course of scientific work, about 20 species of saponin-containing plant material, both steroid and triterpene ones, were selected and analyzed for the determination of saponins. The selection of raw materials with the highest content was performed for their further use in cosmetics and as the surfactants in the production of emulsion food products. The following research methods were used in the work: qualitative reactions to the presence of saponins, foaming, saponin extraction, the release from dry aqueous extract of both steroid and triterpin ones. The method and the scheme of their release and precipitation are presented in the article.The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of FSBEI HE «Moscow State University of Food Production» No. 14.7404.2017/бч «Scientific and applied bases of application of traditional and nonconventional vegetable raw materials and secondary products of its processing (fruit and berry, grain, bean, oil, essential oil, herbs) in technology of specialized products of the food industry, cosmetology and pharmacy»

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Biologically active substances of some species of the genus Asteraceae

Bulletin of the National Engineering Academy of the Republic of Kazakhstan ◽

10.47533/2020.1606-146x.62 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (79) ◽

pp. 62-69

Author(s):

A. K. Kamysbaevа ◽

◽

G. E. Azimbaeva ◽

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Modern Medicine ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Plant Raw Materials ◽

Chemical Composition Of Plants ◽

Asteraceae Family ◽

Active Substances

Currently, 40% of drugs used in modern medicine are obtained from plant raw materials. Among the wild flora there are medicinal plant species containing a variety of chemical composition, including biologically active substances with antimicrobial activity and phytoncidal properties. This article presents biologically active substances of some species of the genus Asteraceae . The chemical composition of plants belonging to the Asteraceae family is represented by anthocyanins, inulins, pectins, flavonoids, proteins, cloves, fatty oils, coumarins, carotenes and polyphenols. The plant of the Asteraceae family is used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antitumor and cardiotonic agent.

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PROCESSING TCHNOLOGIES OF MINCED FISH-AND-VEGETABLE PRODUCT ENRICHED WITH CO2-EXTRACTS

VESTNIK OF ASTRAKHAN STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY SERIES FISHING INDUSTRY ◽

10.24143/2073-5529-2019-2-86-93 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 86-93

Author(s):

Gennady Ivanovich Kasyanov ◽

Arthur Magomedovich Magomedov ◽

Svetlana Vasilievna Zolotokopova

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Grass Carp ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Far East ◽

Sweet Pepper ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Krasnodar Region ◽

Minced Fish ◽

Active Substances

The article presents the results of technological and merchandising research on the development of formulations of frozen semi-finished products from sweet pepper stuffed with minced fish, bulgur, quinoa and couscous, enriched by CO2-extracts with spices and smoking preparation. Feasibility of making frozen semi-finished products from fish is confirmed by an increase in consumer demand for these products, besides, shock freezing of semi-finished products with liquid nitrogen helps to preserve the most valuable components of the original animal and plant raw materials. The technology of cooking stuffed pepper from zoned raw materials is presented: sweet pepper sorts “Pride of Russia”, “Yellow Bull”, “Topolyn” grown in the open ground of the environmentally friendly Novopokrovsky district of the Krasnodar region by experts of the company “Vegan Line”, and muscle tissue of grass carp migrated from the Far East, acclimatized in the water bodies of Kuban and the Astrakhan region. For the first time in technological practice there the wheat grain modified products - bulgur and couscous with biologically active substances have been added to minced meat. A detailed analysis of chemical composition of pepper sorts mixture and grass carp caught in the Anapa district of the Krasnodar region was performed. In the course of studying the chemical composition of bulgur, quinoa and couscous there was stated a high content of alible proteins, vitamins, macro- and microelements. There have been formulated three recipes of stuffed sweet pepper of yellow, green and red colors: with bulgur, couscous and quinoa. A hardware-technological scheme has been developed for producing semi-finished sweet pepper stuffed with minced fish, cereals and CO2-extracts of spices and smoke preparation. There has been analyzed the chemical composition of the finished semi-finished products, provides information about the nutritional and biological value of the product, indicating a higher content of basic food and biologically active substances.

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DEVELOPMENT OF A DRUG BASED ON THE FRUITS OF CHOKEBERRY (ARÓNIA MELANOCÁRPA (MICHX.) EL-LIOT) IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY

chemistry of plant raw material ◽

10.14258/jcprm.2020046339 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 219-226

Author(s):

Valeriya Yur'yevna Andreyeva ◽

Vladimir Viktorovich Sheykin ◽

Galina Il'inichna Kalinkina ◽

Tat'yana Georgiyevna Razina ◽

Yelena Petrovna Zuyeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Combined Treatment ◽

Latin Square ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

New Drugs ◽

Raw Material ◽

Black Chokeberry ◽

Active Substances

Black chokeberry is an official drug raw material and is used as a multivitamin drug. Black chokeberry guarantees the supply of raw materials as it grows all over the Russian Federation end is a promising sourse of phenolic compounds for new drugs. Objective: to develop the most favorable conditions for extraction of bioactive compounds from black chokeberry and to assess its anti-metastatic activity. To extract bioactive compounds from black chokeberry the method of multistep repercolation with completed cycle was used. To assess the factors controlling the raw material extraction the technique of mathematic simulation for latin square. The technique of liquid anthocyanins and catechins rich black chokeberry extraction was given with the following parameters: extragent – 95% acidified alcohol, phase relation – 1 : 5, number of percolators – 5. The content of biologically active substances in the extract obtained with 95% acidified ethyl alcohol was determined by conventional methods. In the composition of the extract, the content of anthocyanins (5.83±0.25%), catechins (0.22±0.02%), tannins (4.65±0.30%), phenolic acids (0.27±0.01%) and other biologically active substances was determined. To assess the antitumor properties of the chokeberry fruit extract, the Lewis lung carcinoma model was used. It was found that the proposed extract reliably inhibits the development of metastases and increases the antimetastatic activity of cyclophosphamide in combined treatment, is of interest as a means for increasing the effectiveness of tumor chemotherapy.

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USE OF NON-TRADITIONAL VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF FLOURY CONFECTIONARY PRODUCTS FOR RESTAURANT ECONOMY ENTERPRISES

EUREKA Life Sciences ◽

10.21303/2504-5695.2020.001113 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 32-40

Author(s):

Yuliya Myroshnyk ◽

Viktor Dotsenko ◽

Larisa Sharan ◽

Vita Tsyrulnikova

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Food Ration ◽

Product Technology ◽

Fresh Products ◽

Vegetable Raw Materials ◽

Active Substances

Products of biscuit dough are ones of most popular among floury confectionary products that is conditioned by their taste advantages, and ones of constant elements of food rations. Biscuit semi-products are a base of such confectionary products as tarts, fancy cakes, cookies. It is expedient to use supplements of non-traditional raw materials that can not only influence the technological process and quality of ready products, but also enrich them with biologically active substances as additional components of floury confectionary products. The most promising raw material for enriching products of this group is vegetable powders, because fresh products are seasonal and don’t regularly provide the food ration of the population with biologically active substances. The article considers a possibility of using snowball, ashberry and buckthorn powders for making biscuit semi-products. The aim of the work was to study the expedience and technological possibility of using vegetable raw materials in the biscuit semi-product technology. The chemical composition of chosen powders was studied. The influence of vegetable powder on the quality and quantity of cellulose, structural-mechanical and physical properties of dough was established. The expedience of using surface-active substances in the biscuit semi-product technology for improving the quality of ready products was substantiated.

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EDIBLE ONION FLOWERS (ALLIUM L.) AS A SOURCE OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

chemistry of plant raw material ◽

10.14258/jcprm.2021048808 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 291-297

Author(s):

Tat'yana Ivanovna Fomina ◽

Tat'yana Abdulkhailovna Kukushkina

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Total Sugars ◽

Active Substances ◽

Pectin Substances

The results of comparative study of the content of biologically active substances in the flowers of 10 species of perennial onions Allium aflatunense B. Fedtsch., A. altaicum Pall., A. flavum L., A. microdictyon Prokh., A. nutans L., A. obliquum L., A. ramosum L., A. rosenbachianum Regel, A. schoenoprasum L., A. senescens L. var. glaucum Regel (A. senescens ssp. glaucum (Schrad.) N. Friesen) are presented. The freshly collected raw materials in the phase of mass flowering were analyzed. The dry matter content was determined by drying 1 g of raw material at 100–105 °C to a constant mass. The amount of phenolic compounds, pectin substances, total sugars, and carotenoids was determined spectrophotometrically using SF-56 (Russia) and SF "Agilent" 8453 (USA). For the first time, data on the quantitative content of the main groups of secondary metabolites in onion flowers were obtained. It has been established that in the forest-steppe of Western Siberia, flowers of Allium species contain: 10.7-22.5% dry substances, 6.6-26.2% total sugars, 3.3–18.6% pectin substances, 3.6–10.6% phenolic compounds, 3.0–23.4 mg% carotenoids (per mass of absolutely dry materials) and 35.4–157.8 mg% ascorbic acid (per mass of raw materials). The highest values were found for A. rosenbachianum, A. flavum, and A. aflatunense. The high variability of the accumulation of biologically active substances is due to the species and the influence of weather conditions during the growing season. The study showed the prospects for using onion flowers as a source of various bioactive compounds, including when added to food.

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SELECTION OF COMPOSITION AND TECHNOLOGY OF GRANULES WITH GARDEN LEAVE STRAWBERRY EXTRACT DRY

"Medical & pharmaceutical journal "Pulse" ◽

10.26787/nydha-2686-6838-2021-23-9-154-161 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 154-161

Author(s):

Yaborova O.V. ◽

Zamakhaeva E.A. ◽

Oleshko O.A.

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Determination ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Food Product ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Optimal Method ◽

Active Substances

Garden strawberries (Fragaria ananassa) are widely cultivated on the territory of Russia on industrial plantations and private garden plots to obtain the fruits (berries) of this plant and their use as a valuable food product. When harvesting fruits, other parts of the garden strawberry are not used, however, its vegetative parts are a source of biologically active substances (BAS) and are of interest for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries [1, 4]. The biological activity of garden strawberry leaf extracts is due to the presence of secondary metabolites of a phenolic nature; their content in raw materials reaches more than 3% in some samples [2, 3]. Considering that the main group of biologically active substances of this raw material are flavonoids, the Department of Pharmacognosy with a course of botany conducted research to develop a method for quantitative determination of the amount of flavonoids in terms of rutin. Spectrophotometry was chosen as the optimal method for assessing the content of this group of substances in medicinal plant raw materials - leaves of garden strawberries, which allows determining the amount of flavonoids in terms of the dominant compound and obtaining reliable and reproducible results of quantitative analysis [8, 11]. The technological properties were studied and a therapeutic dose of dry strawberry extract was proposed, optimal compositions were selected and technologies of sachet-granules with dry strawberry extract were developed. The method for the quantitative determination of flavonoids in terms of rutin was validated. The results of the study can be used in the future in the development of draft regulatory documents for sachet-granules with dry strawberry extract of garden leaves and the study of their pharmacological activity.

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New Functional Formulations for Dry Seafood Concentrates and their Properties

Food Processing Techniques and Technology ◽

10.21603/2074-9414-2020-4-707-716 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (4) ◽

pp. 707-716

Author(s):

Valery Bogdanov ◽

Andrei Simdiankin ◽

Anna Pankina ◽

Vadim Mostovoi

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Nucleic Acids ◽

Triterpene Glycosides ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Raw Material ◽

Pacific Herring ◽

Mizuhopecten Yessoensis ◽

Biological Value ◽

Active Substances

Introduction. Nutrition has a significant impact on human health, performance, well-being, and lifespan. The research objective was to develop formulations for functional compositions of seafood cryoconcentrates. Study objects and methods. The study featured concentrates obtained by cryotechnology from carcasses of Pacific squid (Todarodes pacificus), muscular shell of cucumaria (Cucumaria japonica), scallop mantle (Mizuhopecten yessoensis), octopus skin (Octopus dofleini), milt of Pacific herring (Pacific herring), and Japanese kelp (Laminaria japonica), as well as their multicomponent mixes. The content of biologically active substances was determined by the spectrophotometric method. The safety and biological value were biotested on Tetrahymena pyriformis. Results and discussion. The dry seafood concentrates had a high content of protein, minerals, and biologically active components, i.e. hexosamines, triterpene glycosides, carotenoids, nucleic acids, etc. The seafood cryoconcentrate mixes were divided into fortifying, restoring, immunomodulating, and mineral. Their chemical composition varied greatly, depending on the functional aim of the mix. For instance, the protein content varied from 28.8 to 57.6%, lipids – from 3.1 to 6.9%, carbohydrates – from 15.0 to 35.9%, minerals – from 10.9 to 22.9%, and hexosamines – from 2.2 to 5.6%. The experiments made it possible to substantiate the composition of the dry mixes. The compilation principle was based on the chemical profile of the raw material, as well as on the choice of biologically active substances. All the dry seafood concentrates showed a high relative biological value. However, the values differed, depending on the type of raw material: from 65.5% for the scallop mantle sample to 86.3% for the octopus skin sample. The difference could be explained by the chemical composition of the cryopowders and their availability to ciliate enzymes. Conclusion. The research resulted in formulations and functional mixes of dry seafood concentrates obtained by cryotechnology. The dry seafood concentrates can be used both independently and as functional compositions. The developed mixes demonstrated rather high content of animal proteins, minerals, and biologically active substance, e.g. hexosamines, triterpene glycosides, carotenoids, nucleic acids, etc. Their functional compositions proved to have excellent sensory properties; they are biologically safe for human consumption and have a high relative biological value.

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