scholarly journals BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BIOCONVERSION OF POST-EXTRACTION BIOMASS AND CELL CULTURE ORTHILIA SECUNDA (L.) HOUSE WITH BASIDIOMYCETES

2020 ◽  
pp. 359-369
Author(s):  
Zhanna Aleksandrovna Koh ◽  
Yuliya Aleksandrovna Litovka ◽  
Rustam Khamidzhanovich Enazarov ◽  
Polina Vasil'yevna Makolova ◽  
Yuliya Sergeyevna Shimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Phenol Oxidase ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Indigestible Fraction ◽  
Fruit Formation ◽  
Active Substances

The possibility of bioconversion after the extraction residue of the medicinal plant Orthilia secunda (initial plant biomass and callus after extraction of biologically active substances) by fast growing strains of basidiomycetes Tv2-16K Trametes versicolor and Pe-17T Pleurotus eryngii was studied. The main target products are: a mycelial-plant product with a reduced content of the indigestible fraction and enriched in protein and full-fledged fruit bodies. Fungi colonize plant waste with a radial growth rate of 2.0–2.3 mm / day and a growth rate of 65–77 units. Phenol oxidase activity is 0.7–1.2 units/g·s, depending on the type after the extraction residue. In substrates after biodegradation, the proportion of difficult hydrolysable polysaccharides, easily hydrolysable polysaccharides, and lignin is on average 1.6 times lower than in the original substrate. The content of protein and extractive substances is significantly higher, especially after the extraction residue of O. secunda callus under the influence of the T. versicolor strain Tv2-16K: 12.8 and 24.3%, respectively, of the mass of dry substrate. Fruit bodies of P. eryngii strain Pe-17T were obtained on various compositions of plant substrates. The maximum fruit formation was noted on four-component substrates containing two types after extraction residues of O. secunda, wheat bran, birch or aspen sawdust: the average weight of fruit bodies from one block was 230–236 g; biological efficiency – 46–47.2%.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FORMED BY BACCILUS COAGULANS TI ON THE GROWTH OF CROPS

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Tatiana Lisitskaya ◽  
Tatiana Trosheva
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Submerged Cultivation ◽  
Peptone Medium ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract The influence of cultural liquid of bacteria, Bacillus coagulans TI on the growth of several crops are studded. It was established that during the submerged cultivation on glucose-peptone medium these bacteria form gibberellins and amino acids. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with diluted cultural liquid causes the stimulation of plants growth and improves the quality of plant biomass.

scholarly journals THE CONTENT OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES WATER-ALCOHOL EXTRACTS OF ASPEN BARK

2020 ◽  
pp. 373-380
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vital'yevna Soboleva ◽  
Valeriy Mikhaylovich Voronin ◽  
Ol'ga Aleksandrovna Esyakova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Phenolic Group ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Active Substances

The aim of this work was to study the bark of aspen growing in the suburban area of Krasnoyarsk and obtain water-ethanol extracts based on it, with different growth-regulating activity. The paper deals with the possible processing of aspen bark with the release of biologically active substances of the phenolic group. Water-ethanol solutions of aspen bark of different concentrations were used as an extractant. The regression equations and the optimum conditions of extraction of the bark of aspen with the allocation of the maximum amount of extractives. Studies have shown that aspen bark contains a variety of groups of biologically active substances, including phenolic group: tannins (tannins from 17.0 to 18.0%) polyphenols (glycosides – 0.71–0.84%), flavonoids – 0.33–0.43%; pigments: (chlorophylls from 0.63 to 0.74%; carotenoids (from 0.52 to 0.55%). The obtained mathematical models were adequate to the studied processes at 95% confidence probability. The optimal values for maximum extraction of extractive substances: the concentration of ethanol was 65%; the duration of the process – 3.5 hours, hydro – 15. In the optimal mode was obtained aspen bark extract, its characteristics coincide with the requirements of TU 9377-162-20680882-10 "raw Materials for the production of biologically active additives "aspen bark Extract "thick". It was established that water-ethanol extracts of aspen bark have depending on the concentration of growth-inhibiting or stimulating activity. In the range of concentrations from 0.1 to 10 g/l, they have an inhibitory effect, with further dilution from 1∙10-2 to 1∙10-4 g/l, a stimulating effect is observed. The tendency of increasing the growth of seedlings of cereals, %: corn – 30, barley – 40 and wheat – 35; legumes, %: peas – 35, beans – 45 and lentils – 25 compared with the control at a concentration of extractive substances of aspen bark 1∙10-3 g/l. the Data obtained may be useful after appropriate sanitary-toxicological studies to increase the germination and germination of seeds of legumes and cereals.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPOSITION AND STANDARTIZATION OF THE COLLECTION FOR THE PREVENTION OF INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL DISEASES

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Groznov A.A. ◽  
Kachulin V.A. ◽  
Nesterova O.V.
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Active Substances

Taking into account the literature data, as well as the research conducted by the authors, the composition of the collection for the prevention of inflammatory periodontal diseases has been developed, which includes medicinal plant raw materials:medicinal pimenta fruits, medicinal sage leaves, yarrow grass, badan rhizomes in a ratio of 1:1:1: 1 by weight. The quantitative ratio of the components is determined in accordance with the results of the evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of the extract from the proposed collection. To confirm the composition of biologically active substances of the collection, pharmacopoeial qualitative reactions to flavonoids and tannins, as well as the TLC method, which allows identifying substances of a polyphenolic nature, are proposed. The quantitative determination of extractive substances, essential oil, tannins, and flavonoids in the studied collection was carried out and the norms of their content were proposed. The definition of commodity characteristics is carried out.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT OF APPROACHES FOR INTEGRATED PROCESSING AND UTILIZATION OF ALDER BARK

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-178
Author(s):  
Marina Aleksandrovna Kushner ◽  
Tamara Semenovna Seliverstova
Keyword(s):  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Adsorption Activity ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Successive Extraction ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Integrated Processing ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Extraction Treatment ◽  
Active Substances

With the aim of developing new approaches to the utilization of bark and the provision of more broad-spectrum of nutrients suggested and tested scheme of sequential extraction of the bark of black alder (Alnus glutinosa) industrial debarking. The study from the bark of the alder isolated and characterized by spectral and some extractive substances – triterpenoids (betulin, etc.), diarylheptanoid and pectin, anthocyanidin dyes. It is shown that the composition of water-ethanol extracts of alder bark includes phenolic compounds (flavonoids), tannins, diarylheptanoids, saponins. These substances have broad and proven biological activity and pharmacological value. Experimental data of the study of adsorption activity indicate that the bark subjected to successive extraction treatment to obtain biologically active substances is an effective sorbent that does not require additional activation. The results allow us to begin the development, creation and implementation of low-and waste-free technologies that allow the maximum and most fully extract valuable components of alder bark, turning them into useful products, also to eliminate or reduce the damage caused to the environment as a result of emissions of industrial waste into the air, water and soil.

Effect of biologically active substances (BAS) on the growth of soybean plants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.G. Gataulina ◽  
◽  
W. F. Konsago
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Active Substances

The effect of biologically active substances (BAS) Siliplant, Epin-Extra and Ekofus on the height and biomass of soybean plants was studied in a field experiment carried out at the Field Experimental Station of the Russian State Agricultural University named after K.A. Timiryazev in 2020. The treatment was carried out at the beginning of flowering according to the method developed by the authors of BAS (Epin-Extra - 40 ml / ha, Siliplant - 1.5 l / ha and Ekofus - 3 l / ha). The growth of plants in height in the variants with biologically active substances significantly exceeded the control by 10,6 – 11,4 %. The maximum plant biomass was registered during the period of seed filling and was significantly higher than the control by 11,1 - 11,4 %.

scholarly journals Choice of Extraction Method for Receiving Extraction from Seeds of Payne Hay with the High Content of Biologically Active Substances

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Belokurov ◽  
E. V. Flysyuk ◽  
I. E. Smekhova
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Ultrasonic Extraction ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Active Substances

Introduction. According to the literature, modern technologies, in particular, extraction in an ultrasonic field, make it possible to obtain concentrates of biologically active substances (BAS) with almost complete preservation of the chemical composition inherent in natural raw materials and high yield of extractive substances. At the same time, the ability to regulate the concentration of recoverable active substances during the technological process opens up prospects for the use of natural components as the main pharmaceutical substance.Aim. The purpose of this study was to select the optimal extraction method for obtaining extracts with a high content of BAS from fenugreek seeds. Materials and methods. Extracts were obtained at a temperature of 60±2 °С, by the method of dynamic maceration using an ultrasonic device. Ultrasonic extraction was performed using an ultrasonic installation I100-6/4. In both cases, purified water and ethanol solutions in various concentrations from 40 to 90% were used as extractants. The ratio of raw materials: extractant was as 1:10 (by weight). A portion of vegetable raw materials (10 g) was placed in a glass and poured 100 cm3 of extractant. Next, maceration or sonication was performed. Maceration was performed with magnetic stirring, the rotation speed was 100 rpm. Extraction was carried out at a temperature of 55–60 °C for 5 hours. Ultrasonic effects on solid plant materials were carried out with an intensity in the range from 17 to 22 kHz for 30–60 minutes.Results and discussion. Studies have allowed to determine the amount of extractives in the seeds of fenugreek hay, and choose the most promising method of extraction to obtain extracts with a high content of biologically active substances. A comparison was made between dynamic maceration and ultrasonic extraction. The most promising was the method of ultrasonic extraction at an oscillation frequency of 22 kHz. For 1 hour of extraction, it was possible to achieve depletion of raw materials. It is established that the content of extractable substances directly proportional depends on the duration of treatment and the frequency of ultrasonic waves. The correlation coefficient was 0.78.Conclusion. Ultrasonic extraction when exposed for 60 minutes allows you to get a greater amount of extractives compared with dynamic maceration. To achieve the same level of extractive substances by the method of dynamic maceration, the raw materials must be processed within 5 hours.

scholarly journals USE OF ULTRASOUND FOR EXTRACTION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FROM TAMARIX HISPI-DA WILLD.

2021 ◽  
pp. 283-289
Author(s):  
Shynar Nurlanovna Zhumagaliyeva ◽  
Arailym Amanzholkyzy ◽  
Nurgul Adaybaevna Sultanova ◽  
Zharylkasyn Abduakhitovich Abilov
Keyword(s):  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Hydrolyzable Tannins ◽  
Ultrasound Frequency ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Characteristic Maximum

The extractions of biologically active substances from aerial part of Tamarix hispida Willd. over ultrasound have been studied. The results showed that the output of extractive substances using ultrasound was increased to 37.34% under the following conditions: 10% ethyl alcohol in a raw-extractant ratio (1 : 6) for 25 minutes at a 20–25 °С temperature and an ultrasound frequency of 35 kHz. The extraction was compared with maceration by yield and chemical composition. As a result of optimization, the output of components from the raw material is increased by 3–4 times at ultrasound frequency from 20 to 35 kHz and extraction time is significantly reduced from 48 hours to 30 minutes. It was found that the major substances were hydrolyzable tannins, the content of which are 10% (ultrasonic extraction) and 8% (maceration), respectively. Using UV-spectrometry, it was confirmed that the appearance of a characteristic maximum in the spectrum of the substance to be analyzed corresponds to the area of absorption of gallic acid and its derivatives, which indicates the content of these in the structure of hydrolyzable tannins. The substance shown significant antidiabetic activity (in vitro) at IC 50 = 3.94±0.14 μg/ml.

scholarly journals Induction of callusogenesis in a culture of isolated seeds of Cistanche Deserticola

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
S.S. Bekkuzhina ◽  
◽  
A.O. Rakhimzhanova ◽  
A.K. Talkanbayeva ◽  
S.A. Manabayeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
Active Substances

Cistanche (C. deserticola) - is one of the valuable technical plants of the Kazakhstan flora. The value of cistanche is due to the high content of various polysaccharides, iridoids, and other biologically active substances in the stolons, which are widely used in the eastern countries as feedstock for the production of many pharmacologically active compounds with a wide spectrum of action: increasing tone, potency, antioxidant activity. However, to date, the natural reserves of cistanche are substantially depleted, which makes both the problem of preserving this species and the search for alternative sources of its biologically active substances urgent. It is known that the cell culture of higher plants is an alternative way to obtain rare plant biomass. This paper presents the results of work on optimizing methods for obtaining callus cell cultures from C. deserticola seeds. Several lines of callus cultures of cistanche cells were obtained, growth characteristics were studied. It was established that the proposed method for obtaining callus cultures of cistanche cells is quite effective, the obtained lines have good growth characteristics and differ in color, which is evidence of the synthesis of various secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals The use of biologically active substances in the composition of organic fertilizers in the cultivation of tomatoes in greenhouses

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 06022
Author(s):  
Maria Selivanova ◽  
Timur Aysanov ◽  
Elena Romanenko ◽  
Elena Mironova ◽  
Natalia Esaulko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Average Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Active Substances

The purpose of the research is to study the effect of biologically active substances in organic fertilizers on the productivity of tomato Sherami F1 in a winter greenhouse. The production experience was laid in a winter glazed greenhouse, which is located in the sixth light zone.The objects of research were cherry tomato plants Sherami F1, organic fertilizers 5AP, Maxifol Rutfarm, Nutrimir 4-4-10, Quick-Link. In the experiment, the average plant growth per week, the height of the plants, the number of leaves, the number of brushes collected and the average weight of the fetus, the chemical composition of the plants and yield were determined. The largest growth in a week and the tallest plants were obtained with Quick-Link; the most brushes collected and the largest fruits - when applying fertilizer 5AP. The use of organic fertilizers contributed to the better absorption of macronutrients by tomato plants from a nutrient solution: the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaves and fruits increased relative to the control. When using biologically active substances in organomineral fertilizers, tomato productivity increased by 1.1-2.7 kg/m2 compared to the control, and the biochemical composition of the fruits improved.

scholarly journals Influence of grinding methods of birch bark on the yield of biologically active substances

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Ligostaeva ◽  
◽  
M.A. Khanina ◽  
О.R. Grek ◽  
А.P. Rodin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Birch Bark ◽  
Ball Mills ◽  
Extractive Substances ◽  
Active Substances

Introduction. Birch bark contains biologically active substances (BAS). In this regard, the search for ways to increase yield of its bioactive agents is relevant. Aim. To study the effect of birch bark grinding methods on the extract of its BAS during extraction. Materials and methods. Samples of birch bark of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) and downy birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh.) were ground up on devices with various force effects on plant material — disk (mainly squeezing, shear, tensile and shearing forces), three-roll annular (crushing and abrasive forces) and ball (crushing, abrasive and shock-shear forces) mills. Morphological and microscopic studies were carried out, the content of extractive substances and moisture in the ground up samples was determined. The composition and content of BAS were analyzed. Results. The smallest changes in the morphological and anatomical structure of plant material were observed when using a disk mill (the morphological features of birch bark and its cellular structure are preserved), grinding on three-roll ring and ball mills leads to serious changes in the morphological and anatomical structure of birch bark (the morphological and anatomical structure is lost, cell walls are destroyed). Comparative analysis of the yield of extractive substances from ground up birch bark samples, depending on the grinding method and the extractant used (purified water and ethyl alcohol of different concentrations: 96, 80, 70, 40, 20 and 10%) showed that the best extractant is 80% ethyl alcohol. The highest yield of extractive substances was noted for a sample of birch bark ground up in a ball mill — 36.85%, for ground up in a disc mill — 29.96%, on a three-roll ring mill — 30.88%. When studying the yield of the main groups of BAS (saponins, tannins, coumarins, hydroxycinnamic acids) from ground up birch bark samples, it was found that when using grinding methods that do not lead to the destruction of cell walls, the yield of BAS is limited by the capillary-porous structure of the plant material. Conclusion. When using grinding methods that lead to the destruction of cell walls, the greatest yield of BAS from birch bark is observed in the case of using a more severe impact on it, including not only abrasion, crushing, but also impact (ball mills).

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