Evaluation of seed morphology characteristics of Alnus taxa in Iran

Alnus Mill. is a problematic genus of Betulaceae, and there are several intrageneric classifications for the genus. Alnus species are widely distributed in the Hyrcanian forest of Iran, and different species with some intraspecific taxonomic ranks including subspecies and varieties have been reported from this country. We evaluate seed micromorphology characteristics of ten taxa using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy in the current study. The data were analyzed using SPSS and MVSP software. Results revealed that qualitative characteristics such as seed shape, surface sculpturing pattern, presence of indumentum, and its type vary among the studied taxa and have diagnostic value. However, seed color was nearly stable among the taxa. Besides, quantitative variables highly differed among the taxa. In the UPGMA tree, Alnus taxa were clustered into three groups, and these groups were supported by PCA and PCO plots. According to the PCA bi-plot, some taxa were characterized by the particular characteristic(s) that was useful for their identification. In some cases taxa clustering was similar to those of previous phylogenetic and morphological studies. Our findings revealed that seed morphology characteristics are a valuable taxonomical tool in identifying most Alnus taxa, except for A. glutinosa subspecies, which have similar seed morphology features in common.

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Seed micromorphology of central European Orobanche and Phelipanche (Orobanchaceae) in relation to preferred hosts and systematic implications

Australian Systematic Botany ◽

10.1071/sb15007 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 124 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Renata Piwowarczyk

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

Seed Morphology ◽

Diagnostic Features ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Vegetative Organs ◽

Periclinal Wall ◽

Taxonomic Criterion ◽

Seed Micromorphology ◽

Wall Perforation ◽

Almost All

Holoparasitic genera within family Orobanchaceae are characterised by greatly reduced vegetative organs; therefore, seed micromorphology has proved to be a useful complementary taxonomic criterion. Seeds of 160 samples from 54 localities of 26 taxa of the Orobanche and Phelipanche genera occurring in central Europe, specifically from Poland, the Czech Republic, Austria and Slovakia, supplemented by samples from Spain, France and Ukraine, were investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Thirteen quantitative or qualitative morphological characters of seeds were analysed. The following three types of periclinal wall sculpture of seeds were identified: veined and fibrillar in Phelipanche; with oval or elliptic perforations (pitted) in almost all species of Orobanche; with outer periclinal wall smooth, granular or rugged (very rarely visibly pitted), impeding vision of the inner one, occurring only in O. gracilis Sm. and O. coerulescens Stephan in Willd. The influence of different hosts on the features of seeds of eight species is also presented, as well as relationships between seed morphology and taxonomic classification, including problematic taxa. The best diagnostic features include type of ornamentation of the periclinal wall, perforation diameter (in pitted sculpture), fibrillar diameter (in fibrillar sculpture) and width of anticlinal walls. Size and shape of the seeds and cells and the presence of median troughs are variable; however, these features can be helpful when using larger samples. The usefulness of micromorphological studies on seeds of Orobanche and Phelipanche is demonstrated.

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Remarks Using the SEM method Species Seeds of Gentiana occurring in Turkey

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582017350100007 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (0) ◽

Author(s):

E. ALÇITEPE ◽

S. ERKEN ◽

F. GÜLBAG ◽

M.E. ÖZZAMBAK

Keyword(s):

Cell Size ◽

Morphological Character ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Different Types ◽

Seed Micromorphology ◽

Periclinal Walls ◽

First Time ◽

Seed Characteristics ◽

Wing Cell

ABSTRACT Seeds of eleven perennial Gentiana collected from Turkey were analyzed using the SEM method. Other species excluding G. septemfida, G. boissieri, G. gelida were studied for the first time. They were identified and compared in terms of seed characteristics and surface ornamentations. Major characteristics including the outer periclinal walls of testa, sculpting of inner periclinal walls, seed shape, seed and testa cell, wing cell size, thickness of testa wall and seed shape have been proposed for Turkey Gentiana. They are divided into different types, such as no wing, chalazal wing, incomplete discoid wing, complete discoid wing according to the outer periclinal walls of testa. Considering primary sculpting of seeds, irregularly striate and shallowly reticulate type is observed. Anticlinal walls of G. olivieri, G. boissieri and G. gelida are curved, while others are straight. G. lutea has the largest mean seed (4.20 x 4.40 mm), while G. cruciata (0.67 x 0.60 mm) and G. olivieri have the smallest mean seeds (0.67 x 0.67 mm). Seed micromorphology can be used together with morphological character to form classifications in studied specimens for Gentiana genus.

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A revision of the Rhododendron taipaoense complex (subg. Tsutsusi sect. Tsutsusi, Ericaceae), based on observations of morphological characters and seed micromorphology

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.92.2.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

XIAO-FENG JIN ◽

BING-YANG DING ◽

YING-YING ZHOU ◽

SHUI-HU JIN ◽

WANG-WEI YANG

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

Principal Coordinate Analysis ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Herbarium Specimens ◽

Leaf Color ◽

Flower Number ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Corolla Length ◽

Seed Micromorphology ◽

Different Populations

In this paper, we present a revision of the Rhododenron taipaoense complex, including R. taipaoense and eight other named species, based on literature survey, field collections and observations, inspection of herbarium specimens, statistical analysis of morphological characters, and SEM observation of seed shape and testa. We evaluated all characters that have previously been used to diagnose these species: indumentum of young shoots and abaxial surfaces of leaves; filament dimensions; style base; leaf color, size, and apex shape; flower number per inflorescence; corolla length; and length of the stamen and pistil. Cluster analysis of 146 individuals showed that individuals from different populations are interdigitated, irrespective of traditional taxonomic limits. Analysis of morphological data using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) likewise shows a continual gradation between populations, rather than disjunctures between named species. Consequently, only one species is recognized in the present paper, and R. apricum, R. falcinellum (R. apricum var. falcinellum), R. florulentum, R. hepticum, R. piceum, R. rufulum, R. spadiceum, and R. rufoindumentum (nom. nud.) are all reduced to synonyms of R. taipaoense.

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Genetic divergence among pumpkin landraces

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n2p547 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 547 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rebeca Lourenço de Oliveira ◽

Leandro Simões Azeredo Gonçalves ◽

Rosana Rodrigues ◽

Viviane Yumi Baba ◽

Cláudia Pombo Sudré ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skin Color ◽

Block Design ◽

Fruit Shape ◽

Northern Region ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Joint Analysis ◽

Group Method ◽

Seed Color ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative

Estimating the genetic variability in germplasm collections is important not only for conserving genetic resources, but also for plant breeding purposes. However, generating a large number of different categories data (qualitative and quantitative) often complicate the analysis and results interpretation, resulting in an incomplete distinction of accessions. This study reports the characterization and evaluation of 14 pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) accessions collected from farms in the northern region of Rio de Janeiro state. Genetic diversity among accessions was also estimated using qualitative and quantitative variables considering joint analysis. The plants were grown under field conditions in a randomized block design with three replications and six plants per plot. Eight qualitative traits (leaf size; seed shape; seed color; color of the fruit pulp; hollow; fruit shape; skin color, and fruit skin texture) and eight quantitative traits (fruit weight; fruit length; fruit diameter; soluble solids, 100 seed weight, and wall thickness measured in the middle and in the lower stem) were evaluated. The data were analyzed considering the Gower distance, and cluster analysis was performed using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). Variability among accessions was observed considering morphoagronomic data. The Gower distance together with UPGMA cluster allowed for good discrimination between accessions in the groups, demonstrating that the simultaneous analysis of qualitative and quantitative data is feasible and may increase the understanding of the variation among accessions.

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Seed micromorphological study on endemic and subendemic species of Veronica L. (Plantaginaceae Juss.) in Iran

Bangladesh Journal of Plant Taxonomy ◽

10.3329/bjpt.v26i2.44597 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 315-324

Author(s):

Soghra Ramzi ◽

Shahryar Saedi-Mehrvarz

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Scanning Electron Microscope ◽

Seed Coat ◽

Seed Morphology ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Sem Micrographs ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Quantitative Characters ◽

Micromorphological Characters ◽

Scanning Electron

Seed morphology of 12 Iranian endemic and subendemic species of Veronica was studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Seven qualitative and quantitative characters were measured using SEM micrographs and stereomicroscopy. The seed shape of most species is ovate and plano-convex. The size of seeds ranges from 1.25 x 0.75 mm in V. khorassanica to 2.5 x 1.75 mm in V. viscosa Boiss. The ornamentation of seed coat is reticulate-verrucate in V. khorassanica, V. czerniakowskiana, V. mazanderanae and V. rubrifolia, reticulate-rugate in V. acrotheca, V. aucheri, V. viscosa and V. intercedens, rugose in V. microcarpa, V. chionantha and V. rechingeri, and reticulate-porate in V. gaubae. The testa cells are polygonal in ten species and irregular in two species. Micromorphological characters of seeds are useful in specific and subspecific delimitations of Iranian Veronica.

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Seed Shape Diversity in families of the Order Ranunculales

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.425.4.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 425 (4) ◽

pp. 193-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

JOSÈ JAVIER MARTÍN-GÓMEZ ◽

AGNIESZKA REWICZ ◽

EMILIO CERVANTES

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Medicago Truncatula ◽

Life Style ◽

Lotus Japonicus ◽

Seed Morphology ◽

Life Cycles ◽

Plant Structure ◽

Seed Shape ◽

The Third ◽

Taxonomic Groups

Seed shape in the order Ranunculales is described with the objective of characterizing the morphological seed types in the families of this order and to establish a correlation between seed shape, plant structure and life style. Based on previous work in model plants (Arabidopsis thaliana, Lotus japonicus, Medicago truncatula), we have used the J index to estimate the percentage of similarity of the image of a seed with a geometric shape. The images of seeds of model plants resemble cardioid or cardioid-derived models, while seeds from other species with rapid life cycles resemble other, also simple geometrical figures. In general, seed shape may help establishing the relationships between taxonomic groups. Three types of seed morphology are distinguished in the Ranunculales based on values of J index. In the first type, seeds in the Berberidaceae, Euptelaceae and Lardizabalaceae, adjust well to an oval. The second type, seeds in the Papaveraceae, adjust well to the cardioid model, and the third type, seeds in the Ranunculaceae, adjust well to diverse geometric shapes, including the oval, truncated cardioid, Fibonacci spiral and ellipse. In the Ranunculales, seed shape is varied and often related to geometrical figures. The presence of cardioid derived models in the Papaveraceae supports our hypothesis that seeds resembling the cardioid are frequent in plants with rapid life cycles.Ranunculales

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Seed morphology of perennial taxa of Euphorbia section Pithyusa (Euphorbiaceae) in Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.336.3.4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 336 (3) ◽

pp. 263

Author(s):

İLKER GENÇ ◽

ŞÜKRAN KÜLTÜR

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Seed Morphology ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Seed Surface ◽

Surface Ornamentation ◽

Seed Characteristics ◽

Scanning Electron ◽

Comprehensive Study

A comprehensive study based on seed morphology of perennial Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) sect. Pithyusa species occurring in Turkey is presented. A total of 14 species were studied. Seed characteristics were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as dissecting light microscopy. Significant features are: seed size, seed shape, shape of caruncle and seed surface ornamentation. Three different seed surface types (smooth, pitted, and wrinkled) were observed. Four main seed shapes (ovoid, oblong, quadrangular, and globose), as well as seven types of seed coat ornamentation (reticulate-areolate, areolate, alveolate, falsifoveate, pusticulate, colliculate and smooth) were found. The number of testa cells per 100 µm2 and also its range, from 8–12 to 57–63, are given.

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Seed morphology of Epilobium and Chamaenerion (Onagraceae) in Turkey

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.331.2.2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 331 (2) ◽

pp. 169 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

KAMİL COŞKUNÇELEBİ ◽

SERDAR MAKBUL ◽

SEDA OKUR

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Seed Morphology ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Generic Level ◽

Specific Level ◽

Periclinal Wall ◽

First Time ◽

Scanning Electron

Macro- and micro-morphological features of seeds belonging to 26 taxa from Turkey were observed under the light and scanning electron microscopy. Present findings partly agree with segregation of Epilobium and Chamerion at generic level. The members of the genus Epilobium were distinguished by seeds with conical, semispherical, cylindrical or crest-like papillae or without papillae, granulate periclinal surfaces, papillae with parallel, radial, irregular or spirally furrow and the members of Chamerion were distinguished by seeds crest-like papillae or without papillae and without granulate periclinal surfaces and without furrow. The results also showed that seed shape, presence/absence of papillae and beak, papillae shape and ornamentation, and periclinal wall features are valuable for delimiting the examined taxa specific level within both genera. A key to Turkish Epilobium and Chamerion taxa based on seed morphology is presented for the first time

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Laboratory Diagnostics of Primary Hyperaldosteronism and its Peculiarities (Literature Review)

Journal of Medicine and Life ◽

10.25122/jml-2019-0073 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 215-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

O Shidlovskyi Viktor ◽

◽

V Shidlovskyi Oleander ◽

Mikhail Sheremet ◽

V Zhulkevych Igor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Adrenal Glands ◽

False Negative ◽

Photon Emission ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Primary Hyperaldosteronism ◽

Laboratory Diagnostics ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Morphological Studies

The final stage of the diagnostic of primary hyperaldosteronism is to identify the causes of excessive secretion of aldosterone and determination of its variants. Based on the analysis of literature data, the diagnostic value, sensitivity and specificity of the methods of radiation diagnostics for primary hyperaldosteronism were assessed: ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, photon emission tomography, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, scintigraphy with iodine radiopharmaceuticals. The causes of false-positive and false-negative evaluations of changes in adrenal glands in the application of these diagnostics have been analyzed. There are many genetic and morphological studies when searching the literature data on the principles and methods of distinguishing the nosological forms of primary hyperaldosteronism based on the results of the aldosterone level estimation in the separated blood from the central veins of both adrenal glands or segmental veins of one gland with subsequent determination of the concentration gradient. It was noted that topical diagnostics and, especially, the determination of nosological forms of primary hyperaldosteronism are complex and expensive, but their results allow choosing an appropriate treatment approach for each particular case.

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Comparative Seed Morphology of Tropical and Temperate Orchid Species with Different Growth Habits

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9020161 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 161 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Surya Diantina ◽

Craig McGill ◽

James Millner ◽

Jayanthi Nadarajan ◽

Hugh W. Pritchard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Habit ◽

Prolate Spheroid ◽

Seed Morphology ◽

Plant Evolution ◽

Ecological Niches ◽

Seed Shape ◽

Ecological Processes ◽

Orchid Species ◽

Growth Habits ◽

Seed Characteristics

Seed morphology underpins many critical biological and ecological processes, such as seed dormancy and germination, dispersal, and persistence. It is also a valuable taxonomic trait that can provide information about plant evolution and adaptations to different ecological niches. This study characterised and compared various seed morphological traits, i.e., seed and pod shape, seed colour and size, embryo size, and air volume for six orchid species; and explored whether taxonomy, biogeographical origin, or growth habit are important determinants of seed morphology. We investigated this on two tropical epiphytic orchid species from Indonesia (Dendrobium strebloceras and D. lineale), and four temperate species from New Zealand, terrestrial Gastrodia cunnninghamii, Pterostylis banksii and Thelymitra nervosa, and epiphytic D. cunninghamii. Our results show some similarities among related species in their pod shape and colour, and seed colouration. All the species studied have scobiform or fusiform seeds and prolate-spheroid embryos. Specifically, D. strebloceras, G. cunninghamii, and P. banksii have an elongated seed shape, while T. nervosa has truncated seeds. Interestingly, we observed high variability in the micro-morphological seed characteristics of these orchid species, unrelated to their taxonomy, biogeographical origin, or growth habit, suggesting different ecological adaptations possibly reflecting their modes of dispersal.

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