scholarly journals Genetic divergence among pumpkin landraces

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Lourenço de Oliveira ◽  
Leandro Simões Azeredo Gonçalves ◽  
Rosana Rodrigues ◽  
Viviane Yumi Baba ◽  
Cláudia Pombo Sudré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Estimating the genetic variability in germplasm collections is important not only for conserving genetic resources, but also for plant breeding purposes. However, generating a large number of different categories data (qualitative and quantitative) often complicate the analysis and results interpretation, resulting in an incomplete distinction of accessions. This study reports the characterization and evaluation of 14 pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) accessions collected from farms in the northern region of Rio de Janeiro state. Genetic diversity among accessions was also estimated using qualitative and quantitative variables considering joint analysis. The plants were grown under field conditions in a randomized block design with three replications and six plants per plot. Eight qualitative traits (leaf size; seed shape; seed color; color of the fruit pulp; hollow; fruit shape; skin color, and fruit skin texture) and eight quantitative traits (fruit weight; fruit length; fruit diameter; soluble solids, 100 seed weight, and wall thickness measured in the middle and in the lower stem) were evaluated. The data were analyzed considering the Gower distance, and cluster analysis was performed using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). Variability among accessions was observed considering morphoagronomic data. The Gower distance together with UPGMA cluster allowed for good discrimination between accessions in the groups, demonstrating that the simultaneous analysis of qualitative and quantitative data is feasible and may increase the understanding of the variation among accessions.

Evaluation of Agronomic Traits of Sponge Gourd (Luffa cylindrica) Inbred Lines Under Plastic House in Thua Thien Hue

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (3E) ◽  
Author(s):  
Trương Thị Hồng Hải ◽  
Nguyễn Thị Diệu Thể ◽  
Phan Thu Thảo
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Pure Line ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Sponge Gourd

In order to establish the pure line of sponge gourd containing aroma feature, we selected the desirable inbred lines by using a self-pollinating method. The present study was investigated to estimate the morphological traits and fruit quality of 6 sponge gourd inbred lines which generated at 4th generation of an aroma Luffa accession B29 under plastic house conditions. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications, from May to November in 2016. Five plants per replication were examined. The results indicated that all inbred lines could grow well under plastic house conditions. The inbred lines had the same stem and leaf traits; whereas fruit shape, skin color and fruit veins color were observed differently among inbred lines. The aromatic trait was retained in all inbred lines either before or after cooking. The high yield was found in lines BC1 and BC2 by 10.1 tons/ha and 10.7 tons/ha, respectively. These inbred lines should be examined in open field condition to confirm the presence of aromatic trait and yield potential before completion of the procedures for recognition of new Luffa varieties.  

scholarly journals Agronomic potential of BC1F2 dwarf round tomato populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Resende Finzi ◽  
Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel ◽  
Hugo Gabriel Peres ◽  
Marina Freitas e Silva ◽  
Joicy Vitória Miranda Peixoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Agronomic Potential ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT The use of dwarf lines to obtain mini-tomato hybrids has provided agronomic and economic benefits. In Brazil, round tomatoes predominate over other varieties. The benefits of using a dwarf parent in round tomato hybrids has yet to be explored, making it important to develop dwarf round tomato lines. Backcrossing is the most suitable method to develop these lines. Evaluation and selection of the dwarf populations can improve the development of such lines. Thus, the aim of this study was to select BC1F2 populations of dwarf round tomatoes with agronomic potential and high-quality fruit. The study was conducted at the Vegetable Experimental Station of the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU). A randomized block design was used, with 15 treatments and three replicates. The genetic material analyzed consisted of 12 BC1F2 dwarf tomato populations, plus both parents (recurrent and donor) and a commercial hybrid. The characteristics assessed were: average fruit weight (g), total soluble solids (ºBrix), number of locules (locules per fruit-1), fruit shape, pulp thickness (cm), longitudinal (cm) and transverse fruit diameter (cm), internode length (cm) and plant height (cm). The data were submitted to mean testing, multivariate analyses and a selection index. In general, average fruit weight in the dwarf populations increased significantly after the first backcross, with some fruits exhibiting a similar shape to round tomatoes. Selection of the populations UFU-DTOM7, UFU-DTOM10, UFU-DTOM5, UFU-DTOM9, and UFU-DTOM3 resulted in an estimated 6% increase in the number of locules, transverse diameter, TD/LD ratio and average fruit weight. The BC1F2 dwarf populations UFU-DTOM7 and UFU-DTOM10 were the most promising for develop inbred lines with round fruits. Despite the considerable progress achieved in this study, we suggest a second backcross, in order to obtain lines and, posteriorly, hybrids with round fruits and compact plants.

scholarly journals Effect of intra-row spacing on plant growth, yield and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum mill) varieties at mizan-aman, southwestern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Ashenafi Abriham ◽  
Demelash Kefale
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Number Of Branches

The productivity of tomato is influenced mainly by environmental factors, agronomic practices and cultivar potential. Accordingly, a field experiment was conducted at Mizan-Aman, southern Ethiopia in  2016/ 2017 to evaluate the effect of intra-row spacing (20, 30, 40 and 50 cm) on the performance of three tomato varieties(Fetan, Bishola and Roma VF) with the constant inter-row spacing of 70 cm in completely randomized block design with three replications. Data on crop phenology, growth performance, yield and quality parameters were recorded and subjected to analysis of variance using SAS version-9 software. Results of the study indicated that both intra-row spacing and variety had a significant effect on phenology as well as parameters including; the number of branches, the number of fruit cluster and fruit per plant, fruit weight, total fruit yield, marketable and unmarketable yield and total soluble solids (TSS). However, the number of fruits per cluster, fruit shape index, titratable acidity (TA) and pH were significantly different only among varieties, while plant height was significantly affected by intra-row spacing. Closer spacing enhanced early maturity, while wider intra-row (50 cm) produced a maximum number of branches, cluster and fruits per plant, fruit weight, unmarketable yield and TSS. Generally, 20 and 30 cm intra-row spacing was found to be suitable for the production of maximum total and marketable yield. From the three tomato varieties, Fetan was early maturing with the highest total and marketable yield. The varieties were also significantly different in fruit weight, with the highest value obtained from Bishola followed by Fetan. The outcome of this study revealed that, the intra-row spacing of.30 cm and variety Fetan could be promoted for production in Mizan-Aman and similar agro-ecologies.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence of tomato subsamples

Revista CERES ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Pugnal Mattedi ◽  
Marcelo de Almeida Guimarães ◽  
Carlos Nick ◽  
Derly José Henriques da Silva ◽  
Mário Puiatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Understanding the genetic variability of a species is crucial for the progress of a genetic breeding program and requires characterization and evaluation of germplasm. This study aimed to characterize and evaluate 101 tomato subsamples of the Salad group (fresh market) and two commercial controls, one of the Salad group (cv. Fanny) and another of the Santa Cruz group (cv. Santa Clara). Four experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with three replications and five plants per plot. The joint analysis of variance was performed and characteristics with significant complex interaction between control and experiment were excluded. Subsequently, the multicollinearity diagnostic test was carried out and characteristics that contributed to severe multicollinearity were excluded. The relative importance of each characteristics for genetic divergence was calculated by the Singh's method (Singh, 1981), and the less important ones were excluded according to Garcia (1998). Results showed large genetic divergence among the subsamples for morphological, agronomic and organoleptic characteristics, indicating potential for genetic improvement. The characteristics total soluble solids, mean number of good fruits per plant, endocarp thickness, mean mass of marketable fruit per plant, total acidity, mean number of unmarketable fruit per plant, internode diameter, internode length, main stem thickness and leaf width contributed little to the genetic divergence between the subsamples and may be excluded in future studies.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE MATURATION STAGE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FRUITS OF TWO POPULATIONS OF Passiflora cincinnata Mast

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-360
Author(s):  
ANA CLAUDIA ALVES D’ABADIA ◽  
ANA MARIA COSTA ◽  
FÁBIO GELAPE FALEIRO ◽  
MARIA MADALENA RINALDI ◽  
LÍVIA DE LACERDA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Mass Volume ◽  
Two Populations

ABSTRACT Passiflora cincinnata Mast. (caatinga passion fruit) has acidic fruits with a peculiar flavor, green color when ripe and a low percentage of abscission making it difficult to identify the point of harvest. In order to verify the harvest period in two populations of P.cincinnata, flowers were marked in anthesis and after six periods the fruits were harvested. This study evaluated fruit mass, seeds and pulp mass, fruit dimensions and shape, percentage of water, color and texture of skin, volume, color and pulp yield, pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity ratio, polyphenol content, flavonoids and anthocyanins. The assay was designed in a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement (2x6), with two populations (CPEF2220 and CBAF2334) and six harvest periods (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 days after anthesis - DAA) with four repetitions. There was a reduction in thickness (43.1%) and percentage of water in the skin (9.3%), pH (40.1%), ratio, polyphenols content and pulp luminosity (brightness). There were increases in pulp mass and volume, seed mass, pulp mass yield in relation to the fruit (72%), and SS titratable acidity (44.9%) in CPEF2220 and equality between populations in fruit shape, pulp color, thickness and skin color (luminosity and ºhue), pH and polyphenols. Although after 100 DAA there were higher yields, between 60 and 80 DAA it was possible to identify characteristics of SS, pH, titratable acidity, mass, volume and pulp yield related to ripe fruits, allowing harvesting after 60 DAA.

scholarly journals Fruit quality of west indian cherry irrigated with saline waters under combinations of nitrogen/potassium fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evandro Manoel Da Silva ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽  
Joicy Lima Barbosa ◽  
Bárbara Genilze Figueiredo Lima Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
West Indian ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Potassium Fertilization

West Indian cherry stands out among the fruits cultivated for the pharmacological and alimentary importance, but its quality can be affected by irrigation water salinity and fertilization management. In this context, this research aimed to study the effect of irrigation water of different salinities and combinations of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on the physical and physico-chemical quality of bioactive compounds in West Indian cherry fruits. The experiment was carried out in the field, using lysimeters of 60 L, in the Experimental Area of the Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar (CCTA) of Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), Pombal, PB, in a randomized block design, with treatments arranged in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, referring to five irrigation water salinities (ECw): 0.3, 1.3, 2.3, 3.3 and 4.3 dS m-1 and four combinations (C) of doses of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K2O): C1 = 70% N + 50% K2O; C2 = 100% N + 75% K2O; C3 = 130% N + 100% K2O and C4 = 160% N + 125% K2O, of the recommended dose for West Indian cherry, with three replicates and one plant per plot consisting of a lysimeter. The cv. Flor Branca grafted on cv. Junco was used in the study. The increase in salinity of irrigation water reduced the size, weight and vitamin C content of the fruits, but, the combinations of N and K fertilization did not affect fruit shape and the content of anthocyanin, carotenoids, pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids and fruit flavor. Fertilization combinations consisting of C1 and C2 treatments promoted the largest fruit size under irrigation with ECw of up to 1.3 dS m-1 and greater mass accumulation. Fertilization doses above C2 combinations negatively affected fruit quality.

scholarly journals Agro-Morphological Characterization of Kenyan Slender Leaf (Crotalaria brevidens and C. ochroleuca) Accessions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fridah A. Mwakha ◽  
Bernard M. Gichimu ◽  
Johnstone O. Neondo ◽  
Peter K. Kamau ◽  
Eddy O. Odari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Slender leaf (Crotalaria spp) is among the indigenous and underutilized vegetables in Kenya whose production is limited to the Western and Coastal regions of the country. For a long time, this crop has been neglected in terms of research and genetic improvement. There is therefore scanty information on its morphological diversity and agronomic performance, hence the need for this study. Field experiments were carried out for two seasons in October to December 2018 and March to May 2019. The experiments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with 29 accessions and replicated three times. Both qualitative and quantitative data were recorded from the accessions based on the Crotalaria descriptors. Quantitative data were subjected to analysis of variance using XLSTAT Version 2019, and accession means were separated using Student’s Newman Keuls test at 95% level of confidence. Both qualitative and quantitative data were subjected to multivariate cluster analysis, and a dendrogram was constructed using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average. The principal component analysis was conducted to obtain information on the importance of the characters. Significant variation in agro-morphological traits was found within and between the two species. Cluster analysis grouped the accessions into seven major classes with a between-classes diversity of 75.13% and a within-classes diversity of 24.87%. This study sets the basis for genetic improvement of slender leaf in Kenya since the observed diversity can be exploited in selection for intraspecific and interspecific hybridization.

scholarly journals Minimal morphoagronomic descriptors for Cuban pineapple germplasm characterisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Daymara Rodriguez-Alfonso ◽  
Miriam Isidron-Perez ◽  
Odalys Barrios ◽  
Zoila Fundora ◽  
José Ignacio Hormaza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
Core Diameter ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Components Analysis

A set of minimum descriptors allow for the rapid characterisation of germplasm facilitating the conservation and use of plant material. The objective of this work was to establish a list of minimum descriptors to facilitate the morphological characterisation of the ex situ pineapple collection in Cuba. Therefore, 48 pineapple accessions were characterised according to the morphoagronomic descriptors established by the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR). The data were processed by Multivariate Analysis, where a Multiple Principal Components Analysis was used for the qualitative and quantitative traits. A list with 14 minimum descriptors was proposed. The leaf’s colour, the thickness of the longest leaf, the distribution of the spines, the fruit shape, the fruit colour when ripe, the flesh colour, the weight of fruit flesh, eye form, the fruit height, the fruit diameter, the fruitlet shape, the core diameter, the total soluble solids of the fruit, and the crown weight/fruit weight ratio were selected as the minimum descriptors. Because most of the descriptors refer to the pineapple’s genetic improvement or commercialisation aspects, it could be a useful tool for scientists and producers.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERGENCE AMONG COWPEA GENOTYPES BASED ON CHARACTERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE GREEN POD AND GRAIN MARKET

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
JOSÉ TORRES FILHO ◽  
CHRISTIANE NORONHA GOMES DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA ◽  
LINDOMAR MARIA DA SILVEIRA ◽  
GLAUBER HENRIQUE DE SOUSA NUNES ◽  
CARLA CAROLINE ALVES PEREIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
Grain Market

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate genetic divergence among cowpea genotypes and to select parents for crosses aimed at the fresh pod and grain market. Two experiments were carried out during 2014, corresponding to two sowing times, in the municipality of Mossoró, State of Rio Grande do Norte. Twenty-three cowpea genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Fifteen descriptors were used to quantify divergence, using the Mahalanobis distance as a measure of dissimilarity, obtained from the genotypic mean predicted by the Restricted Maximum Likelihood/Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (REML/BLUP) method. The Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) hierarchical method was used to group genotypes and the Singh criterion to quantify the contribution of traits to genetic divergence. The genotype × environment interaction (G × E) influenced divergence, both in the contribution of traits and in the grouping of genotypes. In the experiment 1, the genotypes were distributed among four groups. In the experiment 2, less discrimination occurred and the genotypes were represented by only two groups. When joint analysis of two evaluations was carried out based on two sowing times, genotypes were represented by six groups. The G × E interaction influences the contribution of traits and the grouping of cowpea genotypes in the study of divergence. The genetic divergence of the set of cowpea genotypes evaluated is mainly due to green grain and pod yield. BRS Aracê and BRS Xiquexique cultivars are the most divergent among the genotypes studied, representing 75% of the recommended crosses.

scholarly journals Preliminary Preliminary Evaluation of Morphological and Pomological Characters to Illustrate Genetic Diversity of Apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) in Afghanistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedayatullah Salari ◽  
Alam Khan Samim ◽  
Saifuddin Ahadi ◽  
Sayed Ahmad Etemadi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation

Afghanistan assumed to be a part of the diversity center of Central Asian group of apricots but due to lack of proper collection, precise detection and documentation of distinct variability, the apricot diversity in the country is under unknown and unprecedented threat. This study, therefore, was run in Badam-Bagh research station for two consecutive seasons (2016-2017) to assess 28 various characters of 20 native Afghan apricot accessions. Results showed a high variability among studied genotypes. Leaf and fruit characteristics such as leaf blade length, leaf blade width, fruit weight, kernel weight, mesocarp percentage, kernel bitterness and fruit quality like total soluble solids, pH, and titratable acidity, skin color and fruit shape which subsequently determines customer appeal and marketability, displayed huge variation. Based on fruit weight, there were two groups of apricot genotypes; small fruits (<37 g) and large fruits (>37 g). Accessions with large fruits embrace: “Amiri”, “Bid-Mushk”, “Hassan-Khili”, “Jibraelli”, “Koorpa”, “Qandak”, “Pir-Naqshi”, “Seyed-Abadi”, “Salari-Sorkh”, and “Saqi”. Most genotypes were early flowering and intermediately ripening in nature. Kernels of only “Walayati” accession had strong bitterness and remained were sweet-kernelled. The mesocarps of most accessions were very weakly adhered to stones. PCA showed 86.15% of total variance among genotypes to be due to first seven components. UPGMA cluster analysis separated 20 accessions into 2 main groups (13 accessions in the first and 7 accessions in the second groups). The results exhibited that morphological characters of leaf and fruit and pomological characters are of immense importance in fast and easy description of apricot genotypes. This is per se the first study on genetic diversity of apricot accessions performed in Afghanistan. The results would provide opportunity for apricot breeders to select accessions with elite and premium characters in terms of marketability and adaptability for particular growing sites.

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